Wushantou Dam

Wushantou Dam (Chinese: 烏山頭壩; pinyin: Wūshāntóu Bà) is an embankment dam in Guantian District, Tainan, Taiwan. The dam was designed by Yoichi Hatta and built between 1920 and 1930 during Japanese rule to provide irrigation water for the Chianan Plain as part of the Chianan Irrigation system. Because the natural flow of the Guantian River and other local streams was insufficient for irrigation of a planned 100,000 ha (250,000 acres), a tunnel was constructed to divert water from the Zengwun River to fill the reservoir.[2] In 1974, the Zengwun Dam was completed on the Zengwun River shortly above the diversion tunnel, stabilizing and reducing the sediment load of water flowing into Wushantou Reservoir.

Wushantou Reservoir

Wushantou Dam 烏山頭壩
Location	Guntian, Tainan, Taiwan
Coordinates	23°12′08″N 120°22′06″E
Construction began	1920
Opening date	1930
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Rock-fill
Impounds	Zengwun River
Height	56 m (184 ft)[1]
Length	1,273 m (4,177 ft)[1]
Dam volume	11,020,928 cubic metres (389,200,400 cu ft)
Spillway type	free-flow
Spillway capacity	1,500 m^3/s (53,000 cu ft/s)[1]
Reservoir
Creates	Wushantou Reservoir
Catchment area	58 km^2 (22 sq mi)[1]
Surface area	13 km^2 (3,200 acres)[1]
Normal elevation	58.18 m (190.9 ft)[1]
Power Station
Turbines	8.75 + 11.52 MW
Installed capacity	20.27 MW
Annual generation	84 million KWh

The dam consists of a curved embankment 50.5 m (166 ft) high and 1,273 m (4,177 ft) long, containing 5,400,000 m³ (7,100,000 cu yd) of material. The reservoir comprises 9 km² (2,200 acres) and was designed to store 154,160 dam³ (124,980 acre⋅ft) of water. However, as of 1990 it had been reduced to 83,759 dam³ (67,905 acre⋅ft) due to severe erosion problems upstream.[3] A concrete overflow spillway is located shortly to the south of the dam, providing a maximum outflow of 1,500 m³/s (53,000 cu ft/s). The dam sits at the head of a 58 km² (22 sq mi) catchment area, which increases to 539 km² (208 sq mi) when including the portion of the Zengwun River watershed diverted into the reservoir.[4]

See also

• List of dams and reservoirs in Taiwan

References

1. "Chia-Nan Canal" (in Chinese).
2. "Wushantou Reservoir and Jianan Irrigation Waterways". Potential World Heritage Sites in Taiwan. Taiwan Bureau of Central Heritage, Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2013-06-24.
3. http://eng.wra.gov.tw/lp.asp?CtNode=2301&CtUnit=621&BaseDSD=7
4. Reservoirs and Weirs in Taiwan (in Chinese). Taiwan Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Public Affairs. p. 334.