Yüksekova

Yüksekova (Kurdish: Gever,[3] Syriac: ܓܵܘܵܪ‎, romanized: Gāwār[4]), is a city and a district of Hakkari Province of Turkey, situated on the border with Iran. The mayor is Remziye Yaşar.[5]

Yüksekova

Gever
The plains of Gever
Yüksekova
Coordinates: 37°34′00″N 44°17′00″E
CountryTurkey
ProvinceHakkâri
Government
 • MayorRemziye Yaşar (HDP)
 • KaymakamÜzeyir Aziz Özeren
Area
 • District2,371.85 km2 (915.78 sq mi)
Elevation
1,950 m (6,400 ft)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Urban
68,230
 • District
115,966
 • District density49/km2 (130/sq mi)
Post code
30300
Websitewww.yuksekova.bel.tr

Name

In Kurdish Gever means a high/raised meadow which totally matches the geographical features of the city and the area. Gever is located in a wide and raised plain. Even though this meaning is not reasonably justified, but some suggest the following: Gawar or "Gaur, Gwer, Gabr, Gawr" is a religious term of Zoroastrianism which means "fire worshipper" in Avestan,[6][7] and later applied to all non-Muslim people of the Middle East in the Islamic era (see گبر). This word was later used as an Islamic religious term as "Giaour, Gavur, Kuffar" which means "infidel".[8][9] In 1936 its name was changed to Yüksekova by Turkish authorities.

History

In the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, Gawar had around 30 villages. Prior to World War I the population of Gawar was 15,000.[10] Inhabitants lived off agriculture that mainly consisted of wheat, barley, cotton and tea. Gawar had around 1497 families in the 1880s.

Up until World War I, Gawar was the seat of a bishop of the Church of the East. The district of Gawar served as the main travel stop for Assyrians traveling between the Hakkari tribal areas and the Urmia plains.

According to historian Hirmis Aboona, in the 1810s the whole population of villages in the region of the Upper Zab River were Assyrians until the Assyrian genocide.[11]

Population History
Population changes in city
Year 1940 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1997 2000 2007
Population 858[12] 1,212[13] 1,143[14] 1,397[15] 1,628[16] 2,768[17] 4,419[18] 7,329[19] 14,287[20] 16,334[21] 28,486[22] 53,411[23] 59,662[24] 59,410[25]

Climate

Yüksekova has a continental mediterranean climate (Köppen: Dsb). The winter months are cold and snowy, springs are cool and wet, autumns are mild and crisp, while the summer months are pleasantly warm and dry with cool nights. The average annual temperature is 6.9 °C and precipitation here averages 670 mm.[26]

Climate data for Yüksekova
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −6.4
(20.5)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 2.7
(36.9)		 10.3
(50.5)		 17.6
(63.7)		 22.8
(73.0)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.8
(80.2)		 23.2
(73.8)		 16.3
(61.3)		 7.7
(45.9)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 11.7
(53.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) −9.0
(15.8)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 6.0
(42.8)		 12.1
(53.8)		 16.5
(61.7)		 20.3
(68.5)		 20.2
(68.4)		 16.4
(61.5)		 10.5
(50.9)		 3.3
(37.9)		 −5.5
(22.1)		 6.9
(44.4)
Average low °C (°F) −11.5
(11.3)		 −10.6
(12.9)		 −4.0
(24.8)		 1.8
(35.2)		 6.6
(43.9)		 10.3
(50.5)		 13.6
(56.5)		 13.9
(57.0)		 9.6
(49.3)		 4.7
(40.5)		 −1.0
(30.2)		 −7.7
(18.1)		 2.1
(35.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 71
(2.8)		 90
(3.5)		 104
(4.1)		 106
(4.2)		 58
(2.3)		 18
(0.7)		 6
(0.2)		 5
(0.2)		 6
(0.2)		 50
(2.0)		 76
(3.0)		 80
(3.1)		 670
(26.3)
Source: Climate-Data.org[27]
  • Gevar plains in winter
  • In spring

Notable Gawar Assyrians

See also

References

  1. "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. adem Avcıkıran (2009). Kürtçe Anamnez Anamneza bi Kurmancî (PDF) (in Turkish and Kurdish). p. 55. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
  4. Payne Smith, Robert (1879–1901). Thesaurus Syriacus (in Latin). Oxford: Clarendon Press. 688.
  5. "Hakkari Yüksekova Seçim Sonuçları: 31 Mart 2019 Hakkari Yüksekova Yerel Seçim Sonuçları". Sözcü (in Turkish). Retrieved 2019-09-10.
  6. "cide.gcide.g - the GNU project". the GNU project. Open Publishing. March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  7. "Zoroastrian Heritage". the GNU project. Open Publishing. March 3, 2019. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  8. Bausani, A. (1965), "Gabr", Encyclopedia of Islam, II (2 ed.), Leiden: Brill
  9. Shaki, Mansour (2001), "Gabr", Encyclopedia Iranica, 10, Costa Mesa: Mazda
  10. Assyrians Of The Van District During The Rule Of Ottoman Turks, M.Y.A . Lilian, 1914
  11. Aboona, Hirmis (2008). Assyrians, Kurds, and Ottomans: Intercommunal Relations on the Periphery of the Ottoman Empire. Cambria Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-1604975833.
  12. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  13. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  14. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  15. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  16. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  17. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  18. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  19. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  20. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  21. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  22. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  23. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  24. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  25. https://www.academia.edu/30890607/Y%C3%BCksekova_%C5%9Eehri.pdf
  26. "Climate Yüksekova: Temperature, Climograph, Climate table for Yüksekova - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2018-01-16.
  27. "Climate:Yüksekova". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
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