3C 58

3C 58 or 3C58 is a pulsar (designation PSR J0205+6449) and supernova remnant (pulsar wind nebula) within the Milky Way that is possibly associated with the supernova of 1181. There are, however, signs that indicate that it could be several thousand years old, and thus not associated with that supernova.[2] The object is listed as No. 58 in the Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources.

3C 58

X-ray image of 3C 58 by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory.
The pullout box shows the inner toroidal-shaped nebula
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cassiopeia
Right ascension 02h 05m 38s
Declination +64° 49.7′
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.17
Characteristics
Spectral type III[1]
Astrometry
Distance10,000 ly
(3067.48 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)3.70
Details
Mass1.36–1.52[1] M☉
Temperature150,000[1] K
Rotation65.7159285 ms
Age839? years
Other designations
SNR G130.7+03.1, ASB 5, RX J0205.5+6449, 1RXS J020529.7+644934, PSR J0205+6449[1]
Database references
SIMBADdata

The pulsar is notable for its very high rate of cooling which is unexplained by standard theories of neutron star formation. It is hypothesized that extreme conditions in the star's interior cause a high neutrino flux, which carries away the energy and the star cools.[3][1] 3C 58 has been proposed as a possible quark star.[4][5]

It is located 2° northeast of ε Cassiopeiae and is estimated to be 10,000 light-years away. Its rotation period is 65.7 ms (so PSR J0205+6449 does not belong to the millisecond pulsars).

References
  1. Yakovlev, D. G.; Kaminker, A. D.; Haensel, P.; Gnedin, O. Y. (2002). "The cooling neutron star in 3C 58". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 389: L24–L27. arXiv:astro-ph/0204233. Bibcode:2002A&A...389L..24Y. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020699. S2CID 6247160.
  2. Bietenholz, M. F. (1 July 2006). "Radio Images of 3C 58: Expansion and Motion of Its Wisp". The Astrophysical Journal. 645 (2): 1180–1187. arXiv:astro-ph/0603197. Bibcode:2006ApJ...645.1180B. doi:10.1086/504584. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 16820726.
  3. "Chandra :: Photo Album :: 3C58". Chandra.harvard.edu. 14 December 2004. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
  4. Cramer, John G. (November 2002). "Quark Stars". Analog Science Fiction & Fact Magazine. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  5. "RX J1856.5-3754 (and the 3C58 Pulsar)". www.solstation.com. Retrieved 18 August 2015.



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