IRAS 23304+6147

IRAS 23304+6147 is a protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia, 16,000 light years away. The central star is a G-type supergiant.[4]

IRAS 23304+6147

The bright red star in the lower left corner of this image is IRAS 23304+6147.
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cassiopeia
Right ascension 23h 32m 44.79s[1]
Declination +62° 03′ 49.1″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 12.99 - 13.15[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type G2Ia[3]
B−V color index +2.31 - +2.37[2]
Variable type Lb[2]
Astrometry
Distance4,700[3] pc
Details[3]
Luminosity8,318 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)0.0 cgs
Temperature5,900 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]−0.61 dex
Other designations
2MASS J23324479+6203491
Database references
SIMBADdata

The nebula is carbon-rich and contains silicon, suggesting that it was formed by a star which was more massive than 4 M☉. Its spectrum also shows other s-process elements such as barium, yttrium, and lanthanum.[4]

The central star of the protoplanetary nebula has been found to be variable with a small range from visual magnitude +12.99 to +13.15. Although several periods have been identified, these change from year to year and the star has been classified as irregular.[2] The optical variability is dominated by slow pulsation with 83.8 d period, overlapped by faster pulsation modes.[5]

IRAS 23304+6147 is about 15,000 light years away and over eight thousand times as luminous as the sun. It lies in the direction of the Cassiopeia OB7 stellar association, but is thought to be further away.[4]

References
  1. Cutri, R. M.; Skrutskie, M. F.; Van Dyk, S.; Beichman, C. A.; Carpenter, J. M.; Chester, T.; Cambresy, L.; Evans, T.; Fowler, J.; Gizis, J.; Howard, E.; Huchra, J.; Jarrett, T.; Kopan, E. L.; Kirkpatrick, J. D.; Light, R. M.; Marsh, K. A.; McCallon, H.; Schneider, S.; Stiening, R.; Sykes, M.; Weinberg, M.; Wheaton, W. A.; Wheelock, S.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: II/246. Originally Published in: 2003yCat.2246....0C. 2246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
  2. Hrivnak, Bruce J.; Lu, Wenxian; Maupin, Richard E.; Spitzbart, Bradley D. (2010). "Variability in Proto-planetary Nebulae. I. Light Curve Studies of 12 Carbon-rich Objects". The Astrophysical Journal. 709 (2): 1042–1066. arXiv:0911.2830. Bibcode:2010ApJ...709.1042H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/709/2/1042. S2CID 119190352.
  3. Klochkova, V. G.; Szczerba, R.; Panchuk, V. E. (2000). "Optical Spectrum of the Infrared Source IRAS 23304+6147". Astronomy Letters. 26 (2): 88. Bibcode:2000AstL...26...88K. doi:10.1134/1.20372. S2CID 120415702.
  4. Klochkova, V. G.; Panchuk, V. E.; Tavolzhanskaya, N. S. (2015). "Peculiarities of the atmosphere and envelope of a post-AGB star, the optical counterpart of IRAS 23304+6347". Astronomy Letters. 41 (1–2): 14–22. arXiv:1501.02548. Bibcode:2015AstL...41...14K. doi:10.1134/S1063773715020024. S2CID 119116109.
  5. VARIABILITY IN PROTO-PLANETARY NEBULAE: VI.MULTI-TELESCOPE LIGHT CURVE STUDIES OF SEVERAL MEDIUM-BRIGHT (V=13−15), CARBON-RICH OBJECTS, 2019, arXiv:1911.12348
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