Apocynoideae

Apocynoideae is a subfamily of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae (order Gentianales). It contains about 78 genera with roughly 860 species. Several genera are of pharmacological interest - notably those - such as Strophanthus - which have furnished highly effective arrow poisons, due to their cardiac glycoside content.[3] The subfamily includes many species with flowers of considerable ornamental value, the best-known of which is Nerium oleander, the familiar Oleander. It also contains the remarkable pachycaul genera Adenium and Pachypodium .

Strophanthus speciosus

Nerium oleander

Chonemorpha fragrans

Pentalinon luteum

Apocynoideae
Apocynum venetum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Apocynaceae
Subfamily:	Apocynoideae Burnett[1]
Tribes
Apocyneae Echiteae Baisseeae Malouetieae Mesechiteae Wrightieae[2]

Genera

Tribe Apocyneae (24 genera) Beaumontia Wall. (5 species) Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li Vallaris Burm.f. Anodendron A.DC. Ixodonerium Pit. Papuechites Markgr. Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon Sindechites Oliv. Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh. Apocynum L. Cleghornia Wight Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire Parameria Benth. Urceola Roxb. Chonemorpha G.Don Trachelospermum Lem. Vallariopsis Woodson Aganosma (Blume) G.Don Amalocalyx Pierre Baharuia D.J.Middleton Epigynum Wight Ichnocarpus R.Br. Micrechites Miq. Pottsia Hook. & Arn.[4] Tribe Baisseeae (4 genera) Baissea A.DC. (18 species) Dewevrella De Wild. Motandra A.DC. Oncinotis Benth. (7 species) Tribe Echiteae (23 genera) Angadenia Miers Pentalinon Voigt Salpinctes Woodson Asketanthera Woodson Macropharynx Rusby Peltastes Woodson Temnadenia Miers Bahiella J.F.Morales Echites P.Browne Fernaldia Woodson Hylaea J.F.Morales Laubertia A.DC. Prestonia R.Br. Rhodocalyx Müll.Arg. in Mart. Artia Guillaumin Ecua D.J.Middleton

Parsonsia R.Br. (120 species; could belong to Periplocoideae) Thenardia Kunth Thoreauea J.K.Williams[5] Tribe Malouetieae (13 genera) Allowoodsonia Markgr. Carruthersia Seem. Eucorymbia Stapf Funtumia Stapf Galactophora Woodson Holarrhena R.Br. (4 species) Kibatalia G.Don Malouetia A.DC. Malouetiella Pichon Mascarenhasia A.DC. Neobracea Britton Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species) Spirolobium Baill.[6] Tribe Mesechiteae (50 genera) Allomarkgrafia Woodson Forsteronia G.Mey. (50 species) Mandevilla Lindl. (115 species) Mesechites Müll.Arg. Tintinnabularia Woodson[7] Tribe Nerieae (6 genera) Adenium Roem. & Schult. Alafia Thouars Farquharia Stapf Isonema R.Br. Nerium L. (1 species) Strophanthus DC. (38 species) Tribe Odontadenieae (7 genera) Cycladenia Benth. Elytropus Müll.Arg. Odontadenia Benth. Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress Secondatia A.DC. Stipecoma Müll.Arg. Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon Tribe Rhabdadenieae (1 genus) Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg. Tribe Wrightieae (3 genera) Pleioceras Baill. Stephanostema K.Schum. Wrightia R.Br. (23 species)[8]

Gallery

• 
  Adenium obesum
• 
  Aganonerion polymorphum
• 
  Aganosma cymosa
• 
  Alafia caudata subsp. latiloba
• 
  Amphineurion marginatum
• 
  Beaumontia grandiflora
• 
  Chonemorpha fragrans side view of flowers
• 
  Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
• 
  Echites umbellatus
• 
  Elytropus chilensis
• 
  Fernaldia pandurata (harvested, edible, hairy flowers)
• 
  Funtumia elastica, former rubber source
• 
  Holarrhena pubescens
• 
  Holarrhena pubescens (detail)
• 
  Ichnocarpus frutescens
• 
  Kibatalia blancoi
• 
  Mandevilla sanderi
• 
  Mascarenhasia arborescens, former rubber source
• 
  Mesechites trifida
• 
  Odontadenia macrantha
• 
  Pachypodium lamerei, a pachycaul species
• 
  Pachypodium lamerei, close-up
• 
  Parsonsia diaphanophleba
• 
  Parsonsia diaphanophleba, single flower
• 
  Parsonsia straminea
• 
  Prestonia coalita
• 
  Rhabdadenia madida
• 
  Stephanostema stenocarpa (flowers v. small relative to foliage)
• 
  Strophanthus speciosus
• 
  Temnadenia odorifera
• 
  Thyrsanthella difformis
• 
  Urceola elastica
• 
  Vallaris glabra
• 
  Wrightia tinctoria

References

1. Reveal, J.L. (2012). "Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants". Phytoneuron. 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.
2. "Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
3. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Strophanthus" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 25 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 1041–1042.
4. "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
5. "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
6. "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
7. "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
8. "GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-11-26.