Arsenic pentafluoride

Arsenic pentafluoride
Structural formula	Ball-and-stick model
Names
	IUPAC name Arsenic pentafluoride
	Other names Arsenic(V) fluoride,; Arsorane, pentafluoro-
Identifiers
CAS Number	7784-36-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:30530 ;
ChemSpider	74203 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.029.146
PubChem CID	82223;
UNII	I54752Q0OJ ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4064842 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/AsF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6 Key: YBGKQGSCGDNZIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/AsF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6 Key: YBGKQGSCGDNZIB-UHFFFAOYAA;
	SMILES F[As](F)(F)(F)F;
Properties
Chemical formula	AsF5
Molar mass	169.9136 g mol−1
Appearance	colorless gas
Density	2.138 kg/m3 (g/L)[1]
Melting point	−79.8 ˚C[1]
Boiling point	−52.8 ˚C[1]
Solubility	Ethanol, Dimethylether, Benzene
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H280, H319, H350, H361, H370, H372
GHS precautionary statements	P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P305+351+338, P307+311, P308+313, P314, P321, P337+313, P405, P410+403, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)	0 4 1
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	[1910.1018] TWA 0.010 mg/m3[2]
REL (Recommended)	Ca C 0.002 mg/m3 [15-minute][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [5 mg/m3 (as As)][2]
Related compounds
Related group 5 fluorides	Phosphorus pentafluoride; Antimony pentafluoride; Bismuth pentafluoride
Related compounds	Arsenic pentachloride; Arsenic trifluoride; Arsenic pentoxide
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

Arsenic pentafluoride is a chemical compound of arsenic and fluorine. It is a toxic, colorless gas. The oxidation state of arsenic is +5.

Synthesis

Arsenic pentafluoride can be prepared by direct combination of arsenic and fluorine:[3]

2As + 5F₂ → 2AsF₅

It can also be prepared by the reaction of arsenic trifluoride and fluorine:

AsF₃ + F₂ → AsF₅

or the addition of fluorine to arsenic pentoxide or arsenic trioxide.

2As₂O₅ + 10F₂ → 4AsF₅ + 5O₂

2As₂O₃ + 10F₂ → 4AsF₅ + 3O₂

Properties

Arsenic pentafluoride is a colourless gas and has a trigonal bipyramidal structure.[3] In the solid state the axial As−F bond lengths are 171.9 pm and the equatorial 166.8 pm. [3] Its point group is D3h.

Reactions

Arsenic pentafluoride forms halide complexes and is a powerful acceptor as shown by the reaction with sulfur tetrafluoride forming an ionic complex.[4]

AsF₅ + SF₄ → SF₃⁺ + AsF₆⁻

Safety

Arsenic pentafluoride is an extremely dangerous toxin, mainly poisoning liver cells. It has a smell that is similar to vinyl chloride gas.

References

Record of Arsenic(V) fluoride in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 24/12/2007.
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
An investigation of the structures of the adducts of SF₄ with BF₃, PF₅, AsF₅, and SbF₅ in the solid state and in solution in HF, M. Azeem, M. Brownstein, and R. J. Gillespie Can. J. Chem. 47(22): 4159–4167 (1969), doi:10.1139/v69-689

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[GESTIS-1] Record of Arsenic(V) fluoride in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 24/12/2007.

[PGCH-2] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0038". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[Greenwood-3] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[4] An investigation of the structures of the adducts of SF₄ with BF₃, PF₅, AsF₅, and SbF₅ in the solid state and in solution in HF, M. Azeem, M. Brownstein, and R. J. Gillespie Can. J. Chem. 47(22): 4159–4167 (1969), doi:10.1139/v69-689