Arthrocentesis

Arthrocentesis, or joint aspiration, is the clinical procedure of using a syringe to collect synovial fluid from a joint capsule.[1] Arthrocentesis is used in the diagnosis of gout, arthritis, and synovial infections such as septic arthritis.[1]

Arthrocentesis
ICD-9-CM81.91

Uses

Diagnosis

Arthrocentesis is used to diagnose a variety of nontraumatic joint diseases.[2] Samples of synovial fluid can be taken for a variety of tests, such as a complete blood count, C-reactive protein test, and measuring erythrocyte sedimentation rate.[3] Tests for infection can be performed with synovial fluid, so blood cultures may also be taken.[2][4] These can be used to diagnose arthritis.[5]

Pain relief

Arthrocentesis can be used to directly infuse anti-inflammatory medications into joints.[2] This is particularly useful for rheumatoid arthritis.[2][5]

Complications

Contraindications from arthrocentesis are rare. The most common complication occurs when the syringe needle is inserted into an area of cellulitis, potentially transferring microorganisms from the skin to the joint.[4][6]

See also

References
  1. West, Sterling G. (2002). Rheumatology Secrets. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 63. ISBN 1560534745. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  2. Friedlaender, Eron Y. (2007-01-01), Zaoutis, Lisa B.; Chiang, Vincent W. (eds.), "Chapter 212 - Arthrocentesis", Comprehensive Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Philadelphia: Mosby, pp. 1280–1281, doi:10.1016/b978-032303004-5.50216-7, ISBN 978-0-323-03004-5, retrieved 2020-11-04
  3. Kelley, Abbie; Lavallee, Mark (2018-01-01), Olympia, Robert P.; O’Neill, Rory M.; Silvis, Matthew L. (eds.), "Chapter 32 - The Acutely Swollen Knee", Urgent Care Medicine Secrets, Elsevier, pp. 191–197, doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-46215-0.00032-x, ISBN 978-0-323-46215-0, retrieved 2020-11-04
  4. Salyer, Steven W. (2007-01-01), Salyer, Steven W. (ed.), "Chapter 12 - Orthopedic Emergencies", Essential Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 575–651, doi:10.1016/b978-141602971-7.10012-1, ISBN 978-1-4160-2971-7, retrieved 2020-11-04
  5. Thiele, Ralf G. (2012-01-01), Terkeltaub, Robert (ed.), "Chapter 26 - Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Crystal Deposition Disease", Gout & Other Crystal Arthropathies, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 331–343, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-2864-4.10026-0, ISBN 978-1-4377-2864-4, retrieved 2020-11-04
  6. Ahmadi, Shahryar; Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin (2018-01-01), Morrey, Bernard F.; Sanchez-Sotelo, Joaquin; Morrey, Mark E. (eds.), "80 - Septic Arthritis", Morrey's the Elbow and its Disorders (Fifth Edition), Philadelphia: Elsevier, pp. 756–759, ISBN 978-0-323-34169-1, retrieved 2020-11-04


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