Baden I b (old)

The engines of Baden Class I b[1] were very early German steam locomotives built for the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways.

Baden I b (old)
Quantity	9
Manufacturer	Keßler & Martiensen
Year(s) of manufacture	1842–1843
Retired	1867
Wheel arrangement	2-2-2
Axle arrangement	1A1 n2
Track gauge	New: 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) from 1854 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in)
Length over buffers	10,932 mm (35 ft 10 ^1⁄2 in)
Height	4,070 mm (13 ft 4 ^1⁄4 in)
Overall wheelbase	3,354 mm (11 ft 0 in)
Empty weight	14.6 t (14.4 long tons; 16.1 short tons)
Top speed	85 km/h (53 mph)
Coupled wheel diameter	1,680 mm (5 ft 6 ^1⁄8 in)
Carrying wheel diameter	1,070 mm (42 in)
Valve gear	Gabel from 1854: Capry and Stephenson
No. of cylinders	2
Cylinder bore	330 mm (13 in)
Piston stroke	457 mm (18 in)
Boiler	Sharp type
Boiler Overpressure	4.5 kgf/cm^2 (441 kPa; 64.0 lbf/in^2)
No. of heating tubes	99
Heating tube length	2,529 mm (8 ft 3 ^1⁄2 in)
Grate area	New: 0.91 m^2 (9.8 sq ft) Rebuild: 0.81 m^2 (8.7 sq ft)
Radiative heating area	New: 5.01 m^2 (53.9 sq ft) Rebuid: 4.62 m^2 (49.7 sq ft)
Tube heating area	37.44 m^2 (403.0 sq ft)
Evaporative heating area	New: 42.45 m^2 (456.9 sq ft) Rebuild: 42.06 m^2 (452.7 sq ft)

Baden I b (old) "Expansion"
Quantity	1
Length over buffers	11,640 mm (38 ft 2 ^1⁄4 in)
Height	4,400 mm (14 ft 5 ^1⁄4 in)
Overall wheelbase	3,354 mm (11 ft 0 in)
Empty weight	New: 15.0 t (14.8 long tons; 16.5 short tons) Rebuild: 17.0 t (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons)
Service weight	New: 16.6 t (16.3 long tons; 18.3 short tons) Rebuild: 21.6 t (21.3 long tons; 23.8 short tons)
Valve gear	Meyer
Cylinder bore	381 mm (1 ft 3 in)
Boiler Overpressure	5 kgf/cm^2 (490 kPa; 71.1 lbf/in^2)
No. of heating tubes	101
Heating tube length	2,529 mm (8 ft 3 ^1⁄2 in)
Radiative heating area	New: 5.00 m^2 (53.8 sq ft) Rebuild: 4.61 m^2 (49.6 sq ft)
Tube heating area	38.20 m^2 (411.2 sq ft)
Evaporative heating area	New: 43.20 m^2 (465.0 sq ft) Rebuild: 42.81 m^2 (460.8 sq ft)
Tender	2 T 5.4 or 3 T 5.4
Water capacity	5.4 m^3 (1,200 imp gal; 1,400 US gal)
technical data given where different

History

The Class I b locomotives were copies of the first six Baden machines, the Class I a. The Badenia built by Emil Kessler in 1841 was the first locomotive to be built in Baden and the first of nine engines of its class. Kessler built this engine together with his partner Martiensen at his own expense and then placed it experimentally in service. Because it achieved the same level of performance as its English prototypes, it was taken over by the state railway.

On the line between Heidelberg und Wiesloch one locomotive achieved a speed of 54 km/h with 20 wagons. On a fast run the engines could manage 85 km/h.

The majority of the engines were retired by 1863. Only the last one was converted in 1854 into a tank locomotive and stayed in service until 1867. She had a water capacity of 1.45 m³ and coal capacity of 1.8 t.

Technical description

The locomotives had the same piston stroke as their English counterparts and were also equipped with a fork valve gear (Gabelsteuerung). The locomotive OFFENBURG had a Capry valve gear on delivery. The engines had improved running gear however due to their adjustable leaf springs and centre axle box. The last engine of this class, EXPANSION No. 15, had a Meyer double rocker (Doppelschwing) valve gear, a larger cylinder bore of 381 mm, higher boiler pressure of 5.0 bar and 101 heating tubes. Its larger heating area generated an increase in power.

The locomotives were originally built for 1,600 mm broad gauge, but converted in 1854 to standard gauge. At the same time they were given Capry valve gear, apart from CARLSRUHE and PHOENIX which were fitted with Stephenson valve gear.

The engines had a Sharp boiler barrel. The vertical boiler had a rounded top. On the foremost boiler section was the steam dome with a safety valve and spring balances. The frame comprised two outside stiffener frame sections (Futterrahmen) and four plate frame sections (Plattenrahmen) for the steam engine. The EXPANSION had two plate frame sections.

The vehicles were equipped with a Kessler type tender of class 2 T 5.4 or 3 T 5.4.

See also

• Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways
• List of Baden locomotives and railbuses

Footnotes and references

1. Also referred to as Class I b (old) to distinguish them from those given the same classification in 1868.

Sources

• Hermann Lohr, Georg Thielmann: Lokomotiv-Archiv Baden. transpress, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-344-00210-4