Bed size

Standard bed sizes are based on standard mattress sizes, which vary from country to country. Bed sizes also vary according to the size and degree of ornamentation of the bed frame. Dimensions and names vary considerably around the world, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. In addition, two mattresses with the same nominal size may still have slightly different dimensions, due to manufacturing tolerances, amount of padding, and support type. While beds are generally rectangular, more specialized shapes may be obtained by special order, such as circular beds. Mattress sizes may differ from bedding sizes.

Single size beds are usually intended for one person.
Double size beds are usually intended for two persons.

Factors and different uses

The choice of bed size may depend on:

  • The amount of available space inside the room.
  • Whether the bed is intended to be used by a single person or shared between two (or more).
  • Body size and shape, preferred sleeping position and personal preference (neither too large nor too small).

Some recommend that the bed size should be at least 15 cm (6 in) longer than the height of the person sleeping in it, i.e. 200 cm (79 in) long for a 185 cm (73 in) tall person,and a double bed should allow two persons enough room to both lie on their back with their hand behind their head without their elbows touching. [1]

Nomenclature

Naming standards on different bed sizes and their corresponding actual measurements can vary across national standards. Examples of such nomenclature are names like "Single", "Double", "Queen" or "King" size. Sometimes the naming standards are further divided by adding adjectives such as "Narrow", "Wide", "Extra Wide", "Long", "Extra Long" and so on, which also can vary across national standards.

For example, a King size bed may measure (in width by length):

  • 150 cm × 200 cm (59 in × 79 in) in the UK.
  • 165 cm × 203 cm (65 in × 80 in) in New Zealand.[2]
  • 180 cm × 190 cm (71 in × 75 in) in Portugal, but is also available in 195 and 200 cm (77 and 79 in) lengths.[3]
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in) in Indonesia.[4]
  • 183 cm × 191 cm (72 in × 75 in) in Singapore[5] and Malaysia.[6]
  • 183 cm × 203 cm (72 in × 80 in) in Australia.[7]
  • 183 cm × 216 cm (72 in × 85 in) in India.[8]
  • 193 cm × 202 cm (76 in × 80 in) in the US.[9]

Because of the growth of international trade and the above potential cause of confusion, bed sizes are becoming more standardized. In most countries, using the International System of Units, bed dimensions most often appear in centimeters, and often only by width and length.[10] In the United States, Canada, and some regions influenced by the former British Empire, dimensions are usually in inches.[11]

Europe
Comparison diagram of some of the most common European single and double bed sizes.

Europe may traditionally have had more variations in national bed size standards than any other part of the world,[12] but in the recent years a few sizes have become more common than others. Bed sizes are defined in centimeters in all European countries, although supplementary Imperial equivalents are sometimes shown in the United Kingdom.

Today, the most common widths sold by pan European retailers are:

  • 90, 100 and 120 cm (35, 39 and 47 in) for single beds.[13]
  • 160, 180 and 200 cm (63, 71 and 79 in) for double beds.

Other sizes are also available in some European countries (e.g., 80 or 140 cm (31 or 55 in)), but the widths listed above are the most common when looking at the European market as a whole, while 135 cm (53 in) and 150 cm (59 in) (nominal) are more typical in the UK and Ireland.

Today, the 200 cm (79 in) length is the most common bed length sold by pan-European retailers. Lengths of 210 or 220 cm (83 or 87 in) are often also available by special order. The longer beds are intended for taller people,[14] and as a rule of thumb 210-centimeter-long (83 in) long beds may be recommended to people 190 cm (75 in) or taller, while 220 cm (87 in) beds are recommended for people over 200 cm (79 in) tall.[15]

France

In France, single size beds are usually 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in).

The most common sizes for double beds are:

  • 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in)
  • 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in)
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)

Italy

In Italy, beds are classified by name and use the term piazza as in "place" Standard sizes are:[16]

Una piazza ("one place") or singolo ("single")
  • 80 cm × 190 cm (31 in × 75 in)
  • 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in)
Una piazza e mezza ("11/2 places") or Letto da prete ("priest's bed")
  • 120 cm × 190 cm (47 in × 75 in)
Piazza e mezza francese ("French 11/2 places")
  • 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in)
Due piazze ("two places") or letto matrimoniale ("matrimonial bed")
  • 160 cm × 190 cm (63 in × 75 in)
  • 180 cm × 190 cm (71 in × 75 in)

Northern Europe

These sizes are for Switzerland, Germany, Poland, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. There are some variations between different countries, but these are the most common sizes.

Until the 1980s the most common mattress length was 190 cm.

Single
  • 70 cm × 200 cm (28 in × 79 in), only used for double beds with two separate mattresses.
  • 80 cm × 200 cm (31 in × 79 in), only used for young peoples beds/ bunk beds and double beds with two separate mattresses.
  • 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in), common single bed. Extended variants are typically 210 cm (83 in).
  • 100 cm × 200 cm (39 in × 79 in), new common single bed size.
  • 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in), uncommon, often as futon beds that are sold with mattress, slats and frame.
  • 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in), common, especially among young people.
Double
  • 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in)[17]
  • 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in), common, often with two separate mattresses.
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in), most common double bed,[18] often with two separate mattresses
  • 200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in), a common extra-wide bed, often with two separate mattresses

Portugal

In Portugal, the most common widths for beds are:

Solteiro (single)
80 cm (31 in) or 90 cm (35 in)
Casal (double)
140 cm (55 in)
Queen size
160 cm (63 in)
King size
180 cm (71 in)
Super king size
200 cm (79 in)

Beds are typically 190 cm (75 in) long, but 200 cm (79 in) are increasingly common.

Spain

In Spain, standardized lengths are 180, 190 and 200 cm (71, 75 and 79 in), with 190 cm (75 in) being the most common. Standardized widths are 80, 90, 105, 120, 135 or 150 cm (31, 35, 41, 47, 53 or 59 in). The most common bed sizes are:

Individual (single)
90 cm (35 in)
Matrimonio (marital)
135 or 150 cm (53 or 59 in)

UK and Ireland

Customary UK and Ireland sizes

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, beds are measured according to the size of mattress they hold, not the dimensions of the bed frame itself; bed frame sizes are not standardized and may differ between manufacturers.[19][20] Listed below are the typical bed sizes from the National Bed Federation, which is the trade association for the majority of British and Irish bed manufacturers and their suppliers.[21] Most NBF manufacturers use designs dimensioned in feet and inches with the metric indicators not being exact equivalents.[22] There can legally be a tolerance of up to ±2 cm (0.8 in) between the quoted measurements and the size of the mattress itself.[23]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches[20][19]
Small single 76 × 191 30 × 75
Single 91 × 191 36 × 75
Small double† 122 × 191 48 × 75
Double 137 × 191 54 × 75
King 152 × 198 60 × 78
Super King 183 × 198 72 × 78

†Also known as a "three-quarter" or "four-foot" bed.[24]

Some UK retailers may have a "queen" size which refers to one of the above standard sizes, but there is inconsistency around which size specifically, with both the small double and super king being prevalent.

As well as customary UK sizes, some common European sizes can be found in the UK from imports and IKEA.[20][25] The typical length of an IKEA and other European mattresses is 200 cm (79 in), whereas UK lengths vary depending on the width of the mattress, being usually either 191 or 198 cm (75 or 78 in).[26] In 2015, IKEA started offering beds and mattresses in customary UK sizes alongside their standard European sizes.[27]

North America
Proportions of the seven standard North American bed sizes

The sizes of mattresses use non-numeric labels such as a "king" or "full", but are defined in inches. Historically most beds were "twins" or "doubles" but in the mid–1940s larger mattresses were introduced by manufacturers. These were later standardized as "queen" and "king", and first made a significant impact on the market in the 1950s and 60s.[28] Standard mattress depth ranges from the "standard" size of 9 in (23 cm) to "high contour" of up to 13 in (33 cm). Below are the standard ISPA widths and heights in the United States and Canada.[29][30]

Note: While dimensions are specified to the half-inch below, the actual dimension used by manufacturers or various websites may be half an inch larger or smaller.[29]

Size Dimensions
Inches Centimeters
Twin or Single 38.5 × 74.5 98 × 189
Twin XL 38.5 × 79.5 98 × 202
Full or Double 53.5 × 74.5 136 × 189
Queen 60 × 79.5 152 × 202
King 76 × 79.5 193 × 202
California King 72 × 83.5 183 × 212

Less common sizes include:

Size Dimensions
Inches Centimeters
Crib 27.5 × 52 70 × 132
Junior 27.5 × 63 70 × 160
Cot or
Small Single[31]		 30 × 75 76 × 191
Antique Single 36 × 72 91 × 183
Twin XXL 37.5 × 83.5 95 × 212
Antique Double or
Three-quarter[32]		 48 × 72 122 × 183
Full XL or
Double XL		 53.5 × 79.5 136 × 202
Super Queen,
Olympic Queen, or
Expanded Queen		 66 × 80 168 × 203
California Queen 60 × 83.5 152 × 212
Super King,
Grand King,
Athletic King, or
Texas King[33]		 80 × 98 203 × 249
Wyoming King[33] 84 × 84 213 × 213
Alberta King or
Alaskan Queen		 96 × 96 244 × 244
Alaskan King[33] 108 × 108 274 × 274

There are also a number of specialty sizes for specific use cases:

Size Dimensions Notes
Inches Centimeters
Half Queen or
Split Queen		 30 × 79.5 76 × 202 For adjustable Queen size beds where each half moves independently.
Half California King or
Split California King		 36 × 83.5 91 × 212 For adjustable California King size beds where each half moves independently.
Short Queen or
RV Queen		 60 × 75 152 × 191 Typically found in recreational vehicles and campers
Short King or
RV King		 72 × 75 183 × 191 Typically found in RVs.
Narrower and shorter than a standard King.
RV King 72 × 80 183 × 203 Narrower than a standard King.
Single Waterbed 36 × 82 91 × 208 Used for conventional mattress inserts inside a Single/Twin waterbed frame.
Super Single Waterbed 47 × 82 119 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a Super Single waterbed frame.
Queen Waterbed 58 × 82 147 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a Queen waterbed frame.
(Subtract 2 in (5 cm) from California Queen size)
King Waterbed 70 × 82 178 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a King waterbed frame.
(Subtract 2 in (5 cm) from California King size)
Truck Sleeper Cab
Common Mattress Sizes
(Without Specific Names)		 32 × 79 81 × 201 Many additional sizes are considered Standard for trucks,
and custom sizes are available as well.
35 × 79 89 × 201
36 × 76 91 × 193
38 × 80 97 × 203
42 × 80 107 × 203

Bedding in the United States must state the type of bed it is intended for, in addition to the dimensions in both inches and centimeters.[34]

Oceania

Australia

The following bed sizes are available in Australia.[35]

Traditional Australian bed sizes.
Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 92 × 188 36 × 74
Long single 92 × 203 36 × 80
King single 107 × 203 42 × 80
Double 138 × 188 54 × 74
Queen 153 × 203 60 × 80
King 183 × 203 72 × 80
Super king 204 × 204 80 × 80

New Zealand

The following bed sizes are available in New Zealand.

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 92 × 188 36 × 74
Single XL 92 × 203 36 × 80
King single 107 × 203 42 × 80
Double 135 × 188 53 × 74
Queen 150 × 203 59 × 80
King 165 × 203 65 × 80
Super king 183 × 203 72 × 80
California king 203 × 203 80 × 80

Africa

South Africa

In South Africa, bed sizes have standard lengths of either 188 or 200 cm (74 or 79 in),[36] with the latter being called XL variants. XL mattresses have the same widths as their non-XL counterparts.[37] The 200 cm (79 in) XL length is recommended for persons over 183 cm (6 ft) tall.[38]

Single
92 cm (36 in) wide
Three-quarter
107 cm (42 in) wide
Double
137 cm (54 in) wide
Queen
152 cm (60 in) wide
King
183 cm (72 in) wide. Equal to the width of two single mattresses.
Super King
200 cm (79 in) wide. Available in XL length only.

Asia

India

In India, the following sizes are standard:

Single
91 cm × 198 cm (36 in × 78 in)
Double
122 cm × 198 cm (48 in × 78 in)
Queen
152 cm × 198 cm (60 in × 78 in)
King
183 cm × 198 cm (72 in × 78 in)

China

In China, the following sizes are standard:[39]

  • Lengths: 190, 195, 200, 210 cm (75, 77, 79, 83 in)
  • Single bed widths: 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 cm (31, 35, 39, 43, 47 in)
  • Double bed widths: 135, 140, 150, 180 cm (53, 55, 59, 71 in)

In practice, bed sizes are usually categorized by the width. The length is typically 200 cm (79 in), but this may vary. The most common sizes are:

  • 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in)
  • 150 cm × 200 cm (59 in × 79 in)
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)

There are also other bed sizes available, but they are less common.

Indonesia

In Indonesia, the standard length is always 200 cm (79 in). The following market-standard sizes are commonly available in Indonesia:[40]

Single
90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in)
Double or twin
120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in)
Queen
160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in)
King
180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)
Super King
200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in)

Japan

Standard Japanese bedding sizes are described in the standard JIS S 1102:2017 Beds for domestic use by the Japanese Standards Association.[41]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 97 × 195 38 × 77
Semi-Double 122 × 195 48 × 77
Double 140 × 195 55 × 77
Wide Double 152 × 195 60 × 77
Queen 160 × 195 63 × 77
King 194 × 195 76 × 77
King Long 194 × 205 76 × 81

Taiwan

Traditionally, five sizes are common in Taiwan, locally known as 3 footer, 3.5 footer, 5 footer, 6 footer and 7 footer. They are also known as Taiwanese small single, twin, full, queen and king respectively.[42][43][44]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Small Single 91 × 188 36 × 74
Twin 106 × 188 42 × 74
Double 152 × 188 60 × 74
Queen 182 × 188 72 × 74
King 182 × 212 72 × 83

However, American beds are also popular in Taiwan. Bedroom furniture and bedding of U.S. standard sizes can be purchased in major cities there.

See also

References
  1. "A Quick Guide In Choosing The Ideal Bed Size - SLEEPTALKERS". beddingstock.com. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019.
  2. Mattress Sizes: Single, Double, Queen, King & Super King | Bedpost New Zealand
  3. SizeChart.com - Portuguese Bed Sizes
  4. FAQ » Serta Mattress Indonesia
  5. The Definitive Guide to Mattress Sizes in Singapore | Simmons.com.sg
  6. King Size & Queen Size Mattress In Malaysia - Sealy Asia (M) Sdn Bhd
  7. Bed Size Guide | Help & FAQs | Forty Winks
  8. Indian Mattress Sizes and Dimensions - Best Mattress In India
  9. Mattress Size Information - US-Mattress.com
  10. European beds (Sizechart.com)
  11. Standard bed sizes (Bedsizes.com)
  12. Continental European Bed Sizes - bedsizes.biz
  13. Consumer Media (forbrukerliv.no - forbrugsguiden.dk - konsumentmagasinet.se) - Single Size Bed Guide 2019 English translation: "Today the standard is 90 cm [..] "However, it has also become more common with wider single beds" [..] "A 120 cm wide single bed can give a major increase in comfort". (Norwegian original: I dag er standarden 90 cm [..] Det blir likevel mer og mer vanlig med større bredde [..] en enkeltseng med bredde på 120 cm [kan] gjøre en stor forskjell på komforten)
  14. Valg av seng - Slik velger du den beste seng - Les guide her
  15. Rammemadrass - Se stort utvalg & finn de beste rammemadrasser her
  16. Ciardini, Giacomo (2 January 2021). "Misure Materassi Standard". Unmaterasso. Retrieved 2 January 2021.CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  17. "Trekvart-seng eller halvanden-mands-seng – find den på", Bilka.dk
  18. "What Is a German Double Bed?" "A German double bed is typically 180 cm × 200 cm"
  19. "Shopping for a new bed". National Bed Federation.
  20. "National Bed Federation Bed Buyers' Guide" (PDF). National Bed Federation. 2018.
  21. "Trade Association Elects New President". National Bed Federation. 8 May 2018.
  22. "NBF Guidelines: Standard Bed Sizes". National Bed Federation. Archived from the original on 17 December 2013.
  23. "NBF Guidelines: Tolerances". National Bed Federation. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013.
  24. Steven Bennett (October 2017). "What size is a three quarter (Small Double) Bed or Mattress". Prestige Beds.
  25. "Bed buyer's guide". IKEA. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  26. IKEA size guide - bed factory direct .co.uk
  27. "Ikea booms in Britain after smaller beds introduced". The Guardian. 12 January 2015.
  28. "1941–1965: Mattress makers introduce 'king' and 'queen' sizes". BedTimes. 10 June 2016.
  29. "About the Industry". International Sleep Products Association. Archived from the original on 1 December 2001.
  30. Sleep Products Voluntary Dimensional Guideline for Bedding Products and Components. International Sleep Products Association. 2001.
  31. Strand, Andrea. "Mattress Sizes and Dimensions". Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  32. "What size is a three-quarter bed?". Reference. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  33. Sen, Sanchita. "Wyoming King vs. Alaskan King vs. Texas King: What's the Difference?". Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  34. "Handbook 130 – 2012 Uniform Packaging and Labeling Regulation" (PDF). US National Institute of Standards and Technology. 9 May 2017. p. 81. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  35. "Australian Bed Sizes". www.standardbedsizes.com. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
  36. Mattress Buying Guide - The Sleep Gallery
  37. Bed Sizes by Bedworld - A Quick Guide to bed sizes in South Africa
  38. Bed and Mattresses Sizes in South Africa Explained
  39. "中华人民共和国轻工业标准 QB/T1952.2—99 -- 弹 簧 软 床 垫". 国家轻工业局. 12 July 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  40. https://www.ikea.co.id/in/inspirasi/tips-memilih-jenis-ukuran-kasur-untuk-kamar-tidur (Tips for choosing the right mattress sizes for your bedroom before buying one)
  41. JIS S 1102:2017 Beds for domestic use Japanese title: "JIS S 1102:2017 住宅用普通ベッド - 日本工業規格" (Supersedes "JIS S 1101:1981 Nominal Dimensions Of Domestic Beds", Japanese Standards Association)
  42. "床尺寸", 维基百科，自由的百科全书 (in Chinese), 30 October 2019, retrieved 26 March 2020
  43. "雙人床尺寸，單人床尺寸有多大？每家床墊尺寸相同嗎？-Unicorn龍馬名床". www.unicorn-bed.com.tw (in Chinese). Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  44. geefoung-kh (1 March 2018). "床墊有哪些尺寸？長寬分別是幾公分？". 佶豐床墊推薦 (in Chinese). Retrieved 26 March 2020.
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