Burmannia (plant)

Burmannia is a genus of flowering plants long thought of as related to orchids, although more recent studies suggest closer affinities with either the Dioscoreales or the Melanthiales.[3][4][5] The plants are herbs, partially autotrophic (photosynthetic) but also partially parasitic on soil fungi.

This article is about a plant. For the insect, see Burmannia (moth).

Burmannia
Burmannia disticha
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Dioscoreales
Family: Burmanniaceae
Genus: Burmannia
L.
Type species
Burmannia disticha
Species

See text.

Synonyms[1]
  • Vogelia J.F.Gmel.
  • Tripterella Michx.
  • Maburnia Thouars [lower-alpha 1]
  • Gonianthes Blume 1823 not A. Rich. 1850
  • Gonyanthes Nees
  • Tetraptera Miers
  • Tripteranthus Wall. ex Miers
  • Cryptonema Turcz.
  • Nephrocoelium Turcz.

Burmannia is native to tropical and subtropical parts of Africa, eastern Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere. Three are regarded as native to the US:[1][6][7][8][9]

The name Burmannia is a taxonomic patronym honoring the Dutch botanist Johannes Burman (1706 - 1779).[2]

Systematics

Burmannia comprises the following species.[1]

  • Burmannia alba - Brazil, Paraguay
  • Burmannia aprica - S Brazil
  • Burmannia australis - Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia
  • Burmannia bengkuluensis - Sumatra
  • Burmannia bicolor - Cuba, N South America
  • Burmannia bifaria - Java
  • Burmannia biflora - Virginia to Texas; Cuba
  • Burmannia candelabrum - India, Assam, Bangladesh
  • Burmannia candida - Thailand, Myanmar, Sumatra
  • Burmannia capitata - North Carolina to Texas, West Indies, S Mexico, C + S America
  • Burmannia championii - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea
  • Burmannia chinensis - E India, Indochina, China, Ryukyu Is
  • Burmannia cochinchinensis - Vietnam
  • Burmannia coelestis - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea, N Australia, Micronesia
  • Burmannia compacta - S Venezuela
  • Burmannia connata - Sumatra
  • Burmannia cryptopetala - E Asia
  • Burmannia damazii - C + SE Brazil
  • Burmannia dasyantha - Colombia, Venezuela
  • Burmannia disticha - S + E + SE Asia, New Guinea, N Australia
  • Burmannia engganensis - Enggano I in W Indonesia
  • Burmannia filamentosa - Guangdong in China
  • Burmannia flava - S Florida, Chiapas, Cuba, C + S America
  • Burmannia foliosa - S Venezuela
  • Burmannia geelvinkiana - W New Guinea
  • Burmannia gracilis - S Thailand, W Malaysia
  • Burmannia grandiflora - Colombia, C Brazil
  • Burmannia hexaptera - Cameroon, Gabon
  • Burmannia indica - S India
  • Burmannia itoana - China, Japan
  • Burmannia jonkeri - Mato Grosso, Goiás
  • Burmannia juncea - N Australia
  • Burmannia kalbreyeri - C America, NW S America
  • Burmannia larseniana - Thailand
  • Burmannia latialata - tropical Africa
  • Burmannia ledermannii - New Guinea, Palau
  • Burmannia luteoalba - Phu-quoc I. in Cambodia; Vietnam
  • Burmannia lutescens - Malaysia, Indonesia, Papuasia
  • Burmannia madagascariensis - Madagascar, Mauritius, C + S Africa
  • Burmannia malasica - S Thailand, SE Kalimantan
  • Burmannia micropetala - New Guinea
  • Burmannia nepalensis - Himalayas, E + SE Asia
  • Burmannia oblonga - Hainan, Indochina, N Sumatra
  • Burmannia polygaloides - S. Venezuela, NW Brazil
  • Burmannia pusilla - India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia
  • Burmannia sanariapoana - S Venezuela
  • Burmannia sphagnoides - W Malaysia, Sumatra, W Borneo
  • Burmannia steenisii - Java
  • Burmannia stricta - S India
  • Burmannia stuebelii - N Peru
  • Burmannia subcoelestis - Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam
  • Burmannia tenella - N + C South America
  • Burmannia tenera - Goiás, São Paulo
  • Burmannia tisserantii - Central African Rep
  • Burmannia vaupesiana - Colombia
  • Burmannia wallichii - China, India, Indochina

Notes
  1. Maburnia is an imperfect taxonomic anagram of Burmannia.[2]

References
  1. "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  2. Burkhardt, Lotte (2018-06-06). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen - Erweiterte Edition. Index of Eponymic Plant Names - Extended Edition. Index de Noms éponymiques des Plantes - Édition augmentée (in German). Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin. p. B118. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5.
  3. Jonker, F. P. 1938. A monograph of the Burmanniaceae. Mededeelingen van het Botanisch Museum en Herbarium van de Rijks Universiteit te Utrecht 51: 1–279.
  4. Leake, J. R. 1994. Tansley review no. 69. The biology of myco-heterotrophic (‘saprophytic’) plants. New Phytologist 127: 171–216.
  5. Wood, C. E. Jr. 1983. The genera of Burmanniaceae in the southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University 64: 293–307.
  6. "Burmannia in Flora of North America @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  7. "2013 BONAP North American Plant Atlas. TaxonMaps". bonap.net. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  8. "Burmannia in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2017-01-14.
  9. Govaerts, R., Wilkin, P. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2007). World Checklist of Dioscoreales. Yams and their allies: 1-65. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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