CYP11 family

Cytochrome P450, family 11, also known as CYP11, is a chordate cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family. This family contains many enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, such as Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1), Steroid 11β-hydroxylase (CYP11B1) and Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2).[3] CYP11 can be divided into A to E five subfamilies,[4] and CYP11A are the ohonologues to CYP11C, which duplicated during 2R event, and the tetrapod's CYP11B evolved from CYP11C of its fish ancestors,[2] CYP11D and F found in amphioxus.[4] These are not the typical CYP subfamilies, which share at least 40% amino acid identity,[5] members between CYP11A and B subfamily are only 37.5-38.8% identical[6],and the CYP11D and E genes seen in modern lancelet (Branchiostoma floridae, an ancient branch of chordate animals) is 39% identical to catfish CYP11A1.[2][4]

The evolutionary divergence of the CYP superfamily collected in 1990, CYP11, CYP10 and CYP27 are in the same branch,[1] which is now called Mitochondrial clan CYPs[2].

References
  1. Nebert, DW; Nelson, DR; Coon, MJ; Estabrook, RW; Feyereisen, R; Fujii-Kuriyama, Y; Gonzalez, FJ; Guengerich, FP; Gunsalus, IC; Johnson, EF (January 1991). "The P450 superfamily: update on new sequences, gene mapping, and recommended nomenclature". DNA and Cell Biology. 10 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1089/dna.1991.10.1. PMID 1991046.
  2. Nelson DR, Goldstone JV, Stegeman JJ (February 2013). "The cytochrome P450 genesis locus: the origin and evolution of animal cytochrome P450s". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 368 (1612): 20120474. doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0474. PMC 3538424. PMID 23297357.
  3. Omura, T (27 October 2006). "Mitochondrial P450s". Chemico-biological Interactions. 163 (1–2): 86–93. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2006.06.008. PMID 16884708.
  4. Baker, ME; Nelson, DR; Studer, RA (July 2015). "Origin of the response to adrenal and sex steroids: Roles of promiscuity and co-evolution of enzymes and steroid receptors". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 151: 12–24. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.10.020. PMID 25445914. S2CID 21649057.
  5. Nelson, DR (2006). Cytochrome P450 nomenclature, 2004. Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.). 320. pp. 1–10. doi:10.1385/1-59259-998-2:1. ISBN 1-59259-998-2. PMID 16719369.
  6. Nebert, DW; Nelson, DR; Adesnik, M; Coon, MJ; Estabrook, RW; Gonzalez, FJ; Guengerich, FP; Gunsalus, IC; Johnson, EF; Kemper, B (January 1989). "The P450 superfamily: updated listing of all genes and recommended nomenclature for the chromosomal loci". DNA (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.). 8 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1089/dna.1.1989.8.1. PMID 2651058.
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