Caipirinha

Caipirinha (Portuguese pronunciation: [kajpiˈɾĩj̃ɐ]) is Brazil's national cocktail, made with cachaça (sugarcane hard liquor), sugar, and lime.[2] The drink is prepared by mixing the fruit and the sugar together, then adding the liquor. This can be made in a single large glass to be shared among people, or in a larger jar, from which it is served in individual glasses.

Caipirinha
IBA official cocktail
Studio photo of a caipirinha
TypeCocktail
Primary alcohol by volume
ServedOn the rocks; poured over ice
Standard garnishsugarcane, lime(ingredient)
Standard drinkware
Old Fashioned glass
IBA specified
ingredients
PreparationPlace lime and sugar into old fashioned glass and muddle (mash the two ingredients together using a muddler or a wooden spoon). Fill the glass with ice and add the Cachaça.
NotesA wide variety of fresh fruits can be used in place of lime. In the absence of cachaça, vodka can be used, making a caipiroska.[1]
Caipirinha recipe at International Bartenders Association

History

Although the origin of the drink is unknown, one account says it came about around 1918 in the region of Alentejo in Portugal, with a popular recipe made with lemon, garlic, and honey, indicated for patients with the Spanish flu. Another account is that Caipirinha is based on Poncha, an alcoholic drink from Madeira, Portugal.[3] The main ingredient is aguardente de cana, which is made from sugar cane. Sugar cane production switched from Madeira to Brazil by the Portuguese as they needed more land to plant it on. Before this people in Madeira had already created aguardente de cana, which was the ancestor to cachaça.[4]

Today, it is still used as a tonic for the common cold. Commonly, practitioners add some distilled spirits to home remedies to expedite the therapeutic effect. Aguardiente was commonly used. "Until one day, someone decided to remove the garlic and honey. Then added a few tablespoons sugar to reduce the acidity of lime. The ice came next, to ward off the heat," explains Carlos Lima, executive director of IBRAC (Brazilian Institute of Cachaça).[5][6]

According to historians, the caipirinha was invented by landowning farmers in the region of Piracicaba, interior of the State of São Paulo during the 19th century as a local drink for 'high standard' events and parties, a reflection of the strong sugarcane culture in the region.[7]

The caipirinha is the strongest national cocktail of Brazil,[8] and is imbibed in restaurants, bars, and many households throughout the country. Once almost unknown outside Brazil, the drink became more popular and more widely available in recent years, in large part due to the rising availability of first-rate brands of cachaça outside Brazil.[9] The International Bartenders Association designated it as one of its Official Cocktails, as a Contemporary Classic.[10]

Name

The word caipirinha is the diminutive of the word caipira, which in Brazilian Portuguese refers to someone from the countryside (specifically, someone from the rural parts of south-central Brazil), similar to US English hillbilly or the Lowland Scots teuchter. Caipira is a two-gender noun. The diminutive mostly-refers to the drink, in which case it is a feminine noun.

Variations
  • Although Brazilian law (Decree 6.871[11] based on Normative Ruling 55, from Oct. 31, 2008)[12] as well as the International Bartenders Association (IBA)[10] allow the use of the name caipirinha for the version with lime only, the term is often used to describe any cachaça-and-fruit-juice drink with the fruit's name (e.g., a passionfruit caipirinha, kiwifruit caipirinha or strawberry caipirinha).
  • Caipifruta is a very popular caipirinha drink in Brazil, consisting of cachaça, crushed fresh fruits (either singly or in combination), and crushed ice. The most popular fresh fruits used to create caipifrutas are tangerine, lime, kiwifruit, passion fruit, pineapple, lemon, grapes, mango, cajá (Spondias mombin fruit), and caju (cashew fruit).

Derivations

There are many derivations of caipirinha in which other spirits are substituted for cachaça. Some include:

See also

References
  1. "Brazilian Drinks: Caipirinha". maria-brazil.org.
  2. "Lista de Publicações". Senado.gov.br. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  3. "My Round: Madeira mixes things with the best". Retrieved 2012-08-22.
  4. "SUGAR´S ROUTE IN MADEIRA". Retrieved 2012-12-02.
  5. "Casa e Jardim - NOTÍCIAS - A história da caipirinha" (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2011-11-17. Retrieved 2012-12-02. Até que um dia alguém resolveu tirar o alho e o mel. Depois, acrescentaram umas colheres de açúcar para reduzir a acidez do limão. O gelo veio em seguida, para espantar o calor
  6. "Receitas de Drinques". Drinquepedia (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on September 27, 2013.
  7. (in Portuguese) Cascudo, Luis da Camara (2006). "Prelúdio da cachaça" - Global Editora
  8. Mackay, Jordan (August 10, 2006). "Made in Brazil". 7x7 Magazine. Archived from the original on February 14, 2009..
  9. Willey, Rob (February 2006). "Everyday with Rachael Ray". Cane and Able. Retrieved 2007-01-14. The caipirinha—a sour-sweet combination of crushed limes, sugar and cachaça— become the darling of American bartenders, and first-rate cachaça is at last finding a place on American liquor-store shelves.
  10. "IBA Official Cocktails". International Bartenders Association. Archived from the original on March 7, 2015. Retrieved 2015-03-18.
  11. "Decree 6871/2009" (in Portuguese). Brazilian Republic Presidency's Civil Office. 2009. Retrieved 2015-03-18.
  12. "Ruling Instruction No. 55 from 31/10/2008" (in Portuguese). Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture (MAPA). 2008. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-18.
  13. Wolfinger, Alejandro Morales,Eric. "Caipiroska Recipe". Bon Appetit. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  14. "Sakerinha: A Japanese-Brazilian Fusion Recipe". Portuguese For Spanish Speakers.
  15. "Top 10 Brazilian cocktails - Brasilbar - Brasilbar". www.brasilbar.com. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  16. "Caipirão Promotional website". Caipirão. 2005–2007. Archived from the original on 2012-06-21. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
  17. "Camparinha Cocktail Recipe with Picture". Complete Cocktails. 2013.
  18. "Caipirissima Cocktail Recipe - Difford's Guide".
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