Chavo Guerrero Jr.

Salvador "Chavo" Guerrero IV[4][1][7] (born October 20, 1970)[1] better known by ring names Chavo Guerrero and Chavo Guerrero Jr.,[8] is an American professional wrestler, promoter and actor. He has previously worked for World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWF/WWE), Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Lucha Underground (LU) and Nación Lucha Libre.

"Chavo Guerrero" redirects here. For his father, see Chavo Guerrero Sr.

Chavo Guerrero Jr.
Guerrero in August 2016
Birth nameSalvador Guerrero IV
Born (1970-10-20) October 20, 1970[1]
El Paso, Texas, United States[2][3]
ResidenceSan Diego, California, United States[4]
Spouse(s)
Shari Guerrero
​
(m. 1998)​
Children2
FamilyGuerrero
Professional wrestling career
Ring name(s)Chavo Guerrero[2][3]
Chavo Guerrero Jr.[4]
Kerwin White[5]
Lieutenant Loco[4]
The Swagger Soaring Eagle[4]
Billed height5 ft 10 in (178 cm)[3]
Billed weight225 lb (102 kg)[3]
Billed fromEl Paso, Texas[2]
Debut1994[6]

As a singles wrestler, he is a former ECW World Champion in WWE,[9][10] and a six-time Cruiserweight Champion between both WWE and WCW. He has also achieved success in tag team wrestling, being a five-time world tag team champion – winning the WWE Tag Team Championship twice with Eddie Guerrero as Los Guerreros, the WCW World Tag Team Championship once with Corporal Cajun as the Misfits in Action, and the TNA World Tag Team Championship twice with Hernandez. Between WCW, WWE, and TNA, Guerrero has held a dozen total championships.

Early life

Salvador was born and raised in El Paso, Texas.[11] Guerrero grew up watching wrestling and going to wrestling promotions where he watched his family wrestle. There was also a wrestling ring in the Guerreros' back yard. Chavo played with his uncle Eddie Guerrero constantly in the wrestling ring while practicing moves on each other.[12]

Professional wrestling career

Early career (1994–1996)

Guerrero made his professional wrestling debut in May 1994 wrestling in Mexico.[4][6] He toured with New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) during 1996, featuring mainly on the lower card.[4] Guerrero competed in the Best of the Super Junior IV tournament but did not earn enough points to become the victor.[13]

World Championship Wrestling (1996–2001)

He joined World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in May 1996.[6] He made his in-ring debut wrestling Steven Regal in a dark match.[6] On July 22—Guerrero's WCW Monday Nitro debut—he lost to Dean Malenko via submission. On August 3, 1996 Guerrero received his first title shot in WCW against Ric Flair on WCW Saturday Night for the WCW United States Championship. Flair beat Guerrero via submission to retain his championship.[14]

Guerrero's first pay-per-view (PPV) appearance was in a dark match loss to Konnan on WCW Hog Wild. Then at WCW WorldWide, on August 11, 1996, he and Eddie Guerrero defeated High Voltage. After a series of singles wins, Guerrero faced Diamond Dallas Page after a short feud on Fall Brawl in a losing effort on September 15.

While in WCW, Guerrero shared the limelight with his uncle Eddie, becoming a reluctant ally of his uncle's. As part of their storyline, Eddie continually tried to make Guerrero adopt Eddie's cheating tactics, but he often refused to do so. Eventually, Guerrero's treatment at the hands of Eddie would drive him "crazy," and he adopted the gimmick of a psycho fixated with a hobby horse he dubbed "Pepé."[6] This led to a feud with Norman Smiley in which Pepé was thrown into a woodchipper.[15] Another result of his insanity was his inability to join Eddie's Latino World Order stable, which was a take-off of the nWo. On June 14, 1998, Guerrero defeated his uncle Eddie at The Great American Bash PPV.[16] In July 1998 at the Bash at the Beach PPV, Guerrero faced Stevie Ray in a "tune up match" before he faced Eddie in a Hair vs Hair match, a match where the winner gets to shave his opponent's hair. Guerrero lost and began to shave his own hair off.[17]

On January 17, 1999 at Souled Out, Guerrero was defeated by Norman Smiley in a match that was booked due to Guerrero's companion Pepe being burnt by Smiley, ending the Pepe gimmick.[18]

Guerrero and Billy Kidman tag teamed for a WCW tag team title tournament held on Nitro. Guerrero then turned on Kidman after being eliminated from the tournament, starting a feud. Guerrero faced Kidman for the WCW Cruiserweight Championship on WCW Superbrawl 9 on February 21, 1999 but failed to win the championship.[19]

He was also a member of the comedy stable The Misfits in Action (MIA), consisting of himself, Hugh Morris (better known as Bill DeMott), Lash LeRoux and Van Hammer. They were managed by Major Gunns. Guerrero was billed as "Lieutenant Loco." As Loco, he defeated Daffney for the Cruiserweight Championship in a triangle match also involving Disco Inferno on June 7, 2000 episode of Thunder.[20] On June 11, 2000 at The Great American Bash, Lt. Loco defeated Disco Inferno to retain the title. Loco lost the championship to Lance Storm a month later on Nitro.[21] At WCW Mayhem, Loco left the MIA and reverted to Chavo Guerrero Jr.[6]

Guerrero won the Cruiserweight Championship from Mike Sanders on December 6 episode of Thunder.[22] He retained the title against Rey Mysterio Jr. on February 18, 2001 at the WCW SuperBrawl Revenge. As Cruiserweight Champion, Guerrero engaged in a feud against "Sugar" Shane Helms eventually losing the championship to Helms at WCW Greed.[23]

Los Guerreros (2001–2004)
Main article: Los Guerreros

Guerrero's contract with WCW was one of the twenty-five contracts that were included in WCW's sale to the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). Like most of the wrestling talent that came over with WCW, Guerrero wrestled as a heel under the WCW banner as his WWF debut was as part of The Alliance,[24] a group of WCW and ECW employees who had, in storyline, invaded WWF after their promotion was bought out. On April 13, 2002, Guerrero faced Billy Kidman on an episode of WWF Metal for the Cruiserweight Championship and lost the match via pinfall. Guerrero spent time as an undercard wrestler in the company, which was soon rebranded World Wrestling Entertainment, wrestling for the WWE Cruiserweight Championship on numerous occasions.[25]

Soon after returning to the active roster, Guerrero was aligned with his uncle Eddie, forming the tag team Los Guerreros.[26] In contrast to his previous WCW storyline with his uncle, Guerrero fully adopted his uncle's policy of "Lie, Cheat and Steal" to win matches as part of the gimmick. Los Guerreros won the tag team championships at Survivor Series, when they defeated Kurt Angle and Chris Benoit and Edge and Rey Mysterio in a Triple threat tag team elimination match. The duo turned face due to their popularity. On the February 6, 2003 episode of SmackDown!, Los Guerreros lost their tag team championships to Team Angle. At WrestleMania XIX, they were again defeated by Team Angle in a triple threat match for the tag team titles, also involving the team of Benoit and Rhyno. They continued to feud with Team Angle and won the championships back on the September 18 episode of SmackDown!. One month later, they lost the titles to The Basham Brothers.[27] After losing their tag team championships, Guerrero became jealous of his uncle's growing popularity and WWE Championship ambitions, turned on Eddie, broke from the team, and turned heel again.[28] He was soon joined by his father Chavo Sr. who sided with his son instead of his brother.[29] Guerrero and his father teamed together to defeat Eddie and Kurt Angle on January 22, 2004 episode of SmackDown![30] Eddie, however, defeated Guerrero at the 2004 Royal Rumble to end their feud.[31]

Cruiserweight Champion and Kerwin White (2004–2005)
Chavo as Kerwin White vs Tajiri

At No Way Out, Guerrero defeated Rey Mysterio to win the WWE Cruiserweight Championship, following interference from his father (now known as Chavo Classic). At WrestleMania XX, Guerrero successfully defended his title in a 10-man Cruiserweight Open by last eliminating Mysterio. In the following weeks, Guerrero defeated Mysterio, Funaki, Ultimo Dragon, Spike Dudley, Jamie Noble, Nunzio in one-on-one title matches. On the May 6 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero issued an open challenge for anyone he had not yet defeated to face him for his title. The challenge was answered by Jacqueline, who defeated Guerrero for the title after she gave him a "low blow." He regained the title at Judgment Day. Guerrero then dropped the title on the May 20 episode of SmackDown! to his father, who "accidentally" pinned his son in a Triple Threat match which also involved Spike Dudley. Rey Mysterio later regained the title, and he and Chavo faced each other at The Great American Bash, however Mysterio won the match.

On the August 26 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero suffered a legitimate concussion due to Billy Kidman's shooting star press and had to be taken to the hospital.[32] Guerrero returned as a face two months later, exacting revenge from Kidman, who had turned heel as a result of the injury to Guerrero.[33] Shortly after his feud with Kidman ended, Guerrero returned to his heel persona after receiving a negative reaction while facing then-cruiserweight champion Funaki in a losing effort during a SmackDown! show in Japan.[34] Guerrero went on to win the Cruiserweight Championship once again at No Way Out, after eliminating Paul London in a six-way cruiserweight gauntlet match.[35] He lost the title to London in a battle royal a few weeks later; Guerrero was the first person eliminated from the battle royal when everyone else in the match ganged up to throw him out right at the beginning.[36]

In June, Guerrero became one of the last minute trades in the 2005 WWE Draft, which saw him jump from SmackDown! to the Raw brand. The next week, on Raw, he denounced his Hispanic heritage in favor of the "Anglo-American way".[37] This came after two weeks of being battered by the Mexican faction, The Mexicools.[38][39] It led to the changing of his persona to "Kerwin White", a stereotypical, middle-class, white, conservative, Anglo-American man.[5] He dyed his hair blond and often drove a golf cart to the ring which held his golf clubs.[5] Soon after his debut, White started making suggestive remarks towards African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, Native Americans, and other non-White people, specifically directed towards Shelton Benjamin. On the September 5 episode of Raw, White cost Benjamin a match against Rob Conway.[40] Benjamin defeated White by disqualification the following week when White attacked him with his golf club.[41] At Unforgiven, White was beaten by Benjamin.[42] White then hired Nick Nemeth on the September 26 episode of Raw as his new "caddie" to help him in his matches.[43]

Aftermath of Eddie Guerrero's death (2005–2007)
Guerrero makes his entrance at a WWE house show in Canada

On the morning of November 13, 2005, Guerrero checked into the same hotel as his uncle, Eddie, in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Guerrero was alerted by hotel security that Eddie did not respond to a wake-up call and opened the locked door to the room, Guerrero found his uncle unconscious. Guerrero attempted CPR but Eddie was declared dead when paramedics arrived on the scene. Later that afternoon, Guerrero appeared at a press conference with WWE chairman Vince McMahon to address Eddie's death.[44] These events resulted in Guerrero dropping the Kerwin White gimmick and wrestling under his real name as a face. He defeated John "Bradshaw" Layfield (JBL) on the November 18, 2005 episode of SmackDown!, using the "Three Amigos" triple suplexes and the Frog Splash in tribute to Eddie.[45] He also used the cheating tactic, "playing possum," which Eddie made famous: behind the back of the distracted referee, Guerrero gently tossed a steel chair to a dazed Layfield while Guerrero lied down, pretending to have been hit. The referee then turned and, seeing the "unconscious" Guerrero, almost disqualified the oblivious, chair-wielding Layfield but stopped short so the tribute-style match could continue.

On the February 24, 2006 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero attacked Randy Orton when Orton began to insult Eddie and the heritage of the Guerreros. Guerrero was soon dragged out by security.[46] On the February 27 episode of Raw, Guerrero faced off against Shelton Benjamin in a qualifying match for the Money in the Bank ladder match at WrestleMania 22. During the match, Orton interfered and hit Guerrero with the RKO, allowing Benjamin to get the pinfall victory.[47] He proceeded to unsuccessfully challenge Benjamin for the WWE Intercontinental Championship on the April 3 episode of Raw. In a segment that aired on WWE Unlimited, an emotional Guerrero decided to quit WWE, in storyline, after believing he had let his family, Eddie, and the fans down and expressed his doubts about being a wrestler.[48]

Guerrero appeared at Judgment Day to support Rey Mysterio.[49] At the Great American Bash, Guerrero interfered in Mysterio's World Heavyweight Championship match, ostensibly to help Mysterio.[50] Guerrero turned heel once again, however, by hitting Mysterio with a steel chair, which allowed challenger King Booker to win the match and the title.[50] On the August 4 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero accused Mysterio of using Eddie's name to succeed, claiming that he had disrespected Eddie's memory. Guerrero went on to beat Mysterio at SummerSlam after Vickie Guerrero (Eddie's widow) accidentally knocked Mysterio off the top turnbuckle. On the August 25 episode of SmackDown!, Vickie came down to the ring to apologize to Mysterio and Guerrero but turned on Mysterio by hitting him in the back with a steel chair. The following week on SmackDown!, Vickie announced herself as Guerrero's new manager. Mysterio gained his revenge on Guerrero by defeating him in a Falls Count Anywhere match at No Mercy. Guerrero eventually challenged Mysterio to an "I Quit" match on the October 20 episode of SmackDown!, which Guerrero won after injuring Mysterio's knee.[51]

A week later, Chris Benoit, another old friend of Eddie's, began feuding with Guerrero and Vickie, and the men would have numerous confrontations over the following weeks. Benoit defeated Guerrero to retain the WWE United States Championship at Survivor Series. After weeks of continued interaction, the two faced off in a United States title rematch at Armageddon that Guerrero lost when he tapped out to a Sharpshooter. Guerrero got yet another rematch the following Friday, losing the match after Vickie hit Benoit with the title belt. Guerrero snapped after the match, knocking over Vickie and attacking Benoit. The feud concluded with Benoit forcing Guerrero to submit in a No Disqualification match.

At No Way Out, Guerrero won a Cruiserweight Open Match when he pinned Jimmy Wang Yang, thus winning the Cruiserweight Championship from Gregory Helms.[52] On June 24, Guerrero retained his title against Wang Yang at Vengeance: Night of Champions.[53] At The Great American Bash, he lost the Cruiserweight title in another Cruiserweight Open when Hornswoggle pinned Jamie Noble.[54]

Guerrero then turned his attention to Rey Mysterio, whom he had put out of action, in storyline, in 2006. Before Mysterio's return at SummerSlam, Guerrero mocked Mysterio's knee injury and taunted him during matches.[55][56][57] He was, however, unable to defeat Mysterio at SummerSlam.[58] On the September 7 episode of SmackDown!, Guerrero then lost an "I Quit" rematch to Mysterio, after Mysterio assaulted his left knee with a steel chair.[59] This allowed Guerrero to have time off to serve his suspension for violating the WWE Wellness Policy.[60]

ECW Champion and La Familia (2007–2009)
Main article: La Familia
Guerrero as ECW Champion in 2008

Guerrero remained inactive until the December 18, 2007 episode of ECW, where he appeared after the main event between WWE United States Champion Montel Vontavious Porter and ECW Champion CM Punk and attacked the vulnerable Punk, sending a message that he wanted a title shot.[61] Guerrero challenged Punk to several matches[62][63] until he finally won the third after interference from World Heavyweight Champion Edge to earn a championship match.[64][65] On January 22 episode of ECW, Guerrero defeated Punk in a No Disqualification match to win the ECW title following interference from Edge. In the process he proclaimed Edge and company as his "familia".[9][66][67] He then successfully defended his title against Punk at No Way Out and on March 4 episode of ECW.[68]

At WrestleMania XXIV, Guerrero lost the ECW Championship to Kane in a record eleven seconds.[69] Shortly afterward, Bam Neely debuted to act as his bodyguard. Guerrero lost a rematch against Kane at Backlash and also failed to become the number one contender at One Night Stand. After Edge turned on La Familia, Guerrero returned to singles and tag team action with Neely. He also failed to regain the ECW Championship at Unforgiven in a Championship Scramble match,[70] and later against champion Matt Hardy.[71]

Final storylines and departure (2009-2011)
Guerrero at the WWE's Tribute to the Troops event in December 2010

Guerrero was drafted to the Raw brand as part of the 2009 Supplemental Draft.[72] He then became involved in the feud between Vickie Guerrero and Santino Marella. At Extreme Rules, Guerrero and Vickie were defeated by Marella in a Hog Pen match. Upon Vickie's departure from WWE, Guerrero continued to feud with Marella and defeated him on June 18 episode of WWE Superstars.[73] Guerrero next feuded with Hornswoggle, where the two faced off in various types of matches (in which a handicap of some sort was imposed on Guerrero by the various celebrity guests left in charge of Raw every week) with Hornswoggle gaining the wins. Guerrero finally picked up a win when he teamed with Chris Masters to defeat Hornswoggle and Santino Marella in a tag team match on September 28, 2009 episode of Raw.[74] Their feud won the award of Worst Feud of the Year by Wrestling Observer Newsletter.

As part of the 2010 WWE Supplemental Draft, Guerrero was drafted back to the SmackDown brand. He started an alliance with Dolph Ziggler, and the duo defeated Christian in a handicap match. On July 9 episode of Smackdown, Guerrero competed in a triple threat Money in the Bank qualifying match, along with Ziggler and MVP. Throughout the match, it became apparent that Vickie Guerrero (Ziggler's manager) had told Guerrero and Ziggler to work together to ensure Ziggler qualified for the match. During the match, however, when both MVP and Ziggler were down, Guerrero attempted to pin MVP to win the match himself, turning his back on Vickie and Ziggler, thus ending the alliance.

On March 8, Guerrero was announced as a NXT Pro to Darren Young for the fifth season of NXT. On the May 6 episode of SmackDown, Guerrero commentated on a match between Tyson Kidd and Sin Cara, which Sin Cara won. On the May 13 episode of SmackDown, Guerrero aided Sin Cara in his match against Daniel Bryan. At Over The Limit, Sin Cara defeated Guerrero, and again on SmackDown to end their feud. Afterward, Guerrero mainly appeared on NXT with Darren Young. His last match in WWE was teaming up with JTG and Young against Yoshi Tatsu, Conor O'Brian and Vladimir Kozlov on NXT in a losing effort. On June 25, 2011, at his request, Guerrero was released by WWE, ending his 10-year tenure there.[75]

Independent circuit (2011–present)
Guerrero on the American independent circuit in 2014

Guerrero appeared for the first time since his WWE departure at World Wrestling Council (WWC)'s Anniversario event on July 15 and 16, 2011.[76] On July 16, Guerrero defeated El Sensacional Carlitos and Orlando Colón to win the WWC Caribbean Heavyweight Championship.[77] In December 2011, Guerrero took part in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling's India project, Ring Ka King. During the first week of tapings, Guerrero and Bulldog Hart were crowned the promotion's inaugural Tag Team Champions.[78] On July 28, 2012, Guerrero appeared at a Vendetta Pro Wrestling event in Lompoc, California, defeating Joey Ryan for the vacant Vendetta Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship,[79] holding the title until October 27, 2012 when he lost it to Chris Masters.[80]

On August 2, 2014, Guerrero teamed with his father Chavo Guerrero Sr. at Vendetta Pro Wrestling's "Summer Sizzle V – VendettaVersary" event in a "Father & Son vs. Father & Son" Tag Team match against La Familia de Tijuana (Damián 666 and Bestia 666). Los Guerreros picked up the win. Following the match, Damián made a challenge to Guerrero Jr. to a hair-vs-hair match, in which he volunteered to put Bestia's hair on the line against the hair of Guerrero Sr. Guerrero Jr. picked up the win, but Bestia fled the arena, claiming later that he never agreed to the stipulation himself.[81] On September 19, 2014, Guerrero made his debut for Chikara, when he, Hernandez and Homicide, representing LAX, took part in the 2014 King of Trios. They were eliminated from the tournament in the first round by the Golden Trio (Dasher Hatfield, Icarus and Mark Angelosetti).[82]

In 2017, Chavo signed with Imperio Lucha Libre to compete in the title tournament for the Imperio Sudamerican Title.[83]

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2012–2013)
Guerrero and Hernandez as TNA World Tag Team Champions

On July 18, 2012, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) announced that they had signed Guerrero to a contract.[84] He made his debut on July 26 episode of Impact Wrestling, aligning himself with Hernandez and beginning a short feud with Gunner and Kid Kash.[85] Guerrero appeared on August 12 at Hardcore Justice, where he teamed with Hernandez to defeat Gunner and Kash.[86] The two subsequently set their sights on the TNA World Tag Team Championship, unsuccessfully challenging champions Bad Influence (Christopher Daniels and Kazarian) for the titles on September 6 episode of Impact Wrestling.[87] Guerrero and Hernandez ultimately defeated Daniels and Kazarian on October 14 at Bound for Glory, in three-way match, also involving A.J. Styles and Kurt Angle to become the new TNA World Tag Team Champions.[88] On January 25, at the tapings of January 31 episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez lost the TNA World Tag Team Championship to the Dirty Heels (Austin Aries and Bobby Roode).[89]

Guerrero and Hernandez received their rematch for the titles on March 10 at Lockdown, but were again defeated by Aries and Roode in a three-way match, also involving Daniels and Kazarian.[90] On following episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez were set for another shot at the titles, but the two were ambushed by the Aces & Eights before the match could start.[91] The title match took place the following week, where Guerrero and Hernandez failed again to regain the TNA World Tag Team Championship, following interference from Daniels and Kazarian.[92] On the next episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero and Hernandez defeated Daniels and Kazarian to earn another shot at the TNA World Tag Team Championship.[93] Guerrero and Hernandez received their title shot on April 11 episode of Impact Wrestling, where they defeated Aries and Roode in a Two-out-of-Three Falls match, with the added stipulation that they would have to break up if they lost, to regain the TNA World Tag Team Championship.[94] On June 2 at Slammiversary XI, Guerrero and Hernandez lost the TNA World Tag Team Championship to Gunner and James Storm in a fatal four-way elimination match, also involving Austin Aries and Bobby Roode and Bad Influence.[95] On the following episode of Impact Wrestling, Guerrero was defeated by Hernandez in a 2013 Bound for Glory Series qualifying match.[96] On December 12, Guerrero collected a briefcase in the Feast or Fired match, which was revealed the following week to contain a pink slip meaning he was fired from TNA. Guerrero's profile was later removed from the official site, and TNA issued a press release confirming his release as legitimate.[97]

Lucha Underground (2014–2019)

In September 2014, it was reported that Guerrero had signed with Lucha Underground.[98] Guerrero wrestled in the first match of the debut episode of Lucha Underground on October 29, losing to Blue Demon Jr.[99] On November 5 episode, Guerrero used a chair to attack both Blue Demon Jr. and Sexy Star, who was Guerrero's tag partner earlier in the episode, turning Heel in the process.[100] On January 7, 2015, episode (taped October 5, 2014),[101] Guerrero participated in a 20-men Aztec Warfare battle royal to become the inaugural Lucha Underground Champion. However, he was attacked by Blue Demon and eliminated by Sexy Star.[102] On January 18, 2015, (aired February 18) Guerrero was defeated by Mil Muertes and left Lucha Underground.

On May 20, 2015, Guerrero appeared in a video where he offered his help to Aztec Dragon to save his protegeé, Black Lotus. However, on June 3, Guerrero attacked Lotus, aligned himself with Dario Cueto and The Crew. Guerrero returned to Lucha Underground on June 10 (taped March 22, 2015), defeating Blue Demon Jr.[103] On January 10, 2016, Guerrero won the vacant Gift of the Gods Championship in a match also involving Aero Star, El Siniestro de la Muerte, Joey Ryan, Sexy Star, Texano, and The Mack,[104] though he lost the championship a week later to Cage. On November 3 Guerrero lost to Rey Mysterio in a "loser leaves Lucha Underground" match and per stipulation had to leave the temple.

Guerrero returned in Aztec Warfare 4 on the season 4 premiere, entering at number 17 and making it to the final 3 before being eliminated by Pentagon Dark.[105] During the second part of Ultima Lucha Cuatro, Chavo saved his cousin Shaul Guerrero from being assaulted by Famous B, turning him back into a Face.[106]

The serie was discontinued after season finale, Ultima Lucha Cuatro.[107]

Nación Lucha Libre (2019–2020)

In 2019, Guerrero and fellow professional wrestler Alberto El Patron created their own promotion, Nación Lucha Libre.[108] The promotion debuted on July 11 with their first show that featured wrestling from El Patron, El Hijo del Fantasma, L.A. Park, Thunder Rosa, Bestia 666, and Bandido. Three days later their promotion debuted their weekly show on Imagen TV in Mexico.[109] Nación Lucha Libre closed down on January 8, 2020.[110]

Return to Impact Wrestling (2019)

On September 13, 2019, he made an appearance for TNA, now known as Impact Wrestling at their Operation Override Twitch special. In the match, he defended his World Class Championship against MVP.[111] Due to the disqualification finish, the two had a rematch at the following night's Victory Road Impact Plus Monthly Specials.[112]

Other media

He has appeared in at least 19 video games, including WCW games (WCW/nWo Revenge), and WWE games such as WWE Survivor Series, WWE SmackDown! vs. RAW and WWE '12.[113]

Chavo was in two documentaries about Rey Mysterio called Rey Mysterio: The Biggest Little Man and Rey Mysterio: 619. He was also featured in Viva La Raza: The Legacy of Eddie Guerrero.

Guerrero also has his own internet show/podcast called "The Chavo Show" on GeekNation.[114] He has appeared on various other podcasts such as Chris Jericho's Talk is Jericho and Roddy Piper's Piper's Pit podcast.[115][116]

Guerrero and Rey Mysterio own an online merchandise store named "VivaVLR.com"[117]

Acting

Guerrero's acting career has consisted of minor roles over the years. Starting in 1996 when he appeared in the TV show "Red Shoe Diaries", in which he played a wrestler.[118]

He played a character named Eddie on the Investigation Discovery series "Detective" in 2017 on episode titled "Warm Revolver".

He made an appearance as the fictional wrestler James Vasquez also known as El Mayordomo on the NBC TV series Grimm's fifth-season episode "Silence of the Slams". The episode aired on March 18, 2016.[119] Also in 2016 Chavo played as a character named "Silas" in "Fight to the Finish", an action/sport/romance and was directed by Warren Sheppard.[120] He also played a character named "Tex-Mex" in the movie 2016 Vigilante Diaries, an action movie.[121]

In 2017 and 2018 Chavo served as Fight Coordinator for the Netflix TV show GLOW, training the cast as professional wrestlers.[122] His Uncle Mando Guerrero, held the same position in the original GLOW series that inspired the Netflix show.[123] Chavo appeared in front of the camera for two episodes of the second season as the wrestler Chico Guapo.

Comic books

Guerrero worked with Lion Forge Studios to create "Chavo Guerrero's Warrior's Creed" which stars the main character as himself.[124] The first issue was published in June 2016.[125] At least four issues of the comic have been published.[126] The comics were written by author Fabian Nicieza.[127]

Personal life

Chavo is the son of Salvador "Chavo" Guerrero and Nancy Vasquez.[128] He married his wife Shari in 1998 and has two sons with her.[129]

On June 25, 2007, Chris Benoit (a close friend of Guerrero), his wife Nancy, and their son Daniel were found dead at their home (their deaths have since been ruled a double homicide-suicide perpetrated by Chris Benoit).[130] Guerrero was reportedly one of the last people to talk to Benoit and one of the people to whom Benoit sent text messages before committing suicide.[131]

On August 30, 2007, Guerrero, along with nine other WWE wrestlers were named by Sports Illustrated to be given illegal steroids not in compliance with the Talent Wellness program. Guerrero received somatropin, nandrolone, and anastrozole between April 2005 and May 2006. Chris Benoit, Eddie Guerrero, and Brian Adams were also discovered to have been given steroids prior to their deaths during this investigation, as well as Sylvain Grenier.[60][132]

In July 2016, Guerrero and his father were named part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE which alleged that wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and that the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit was litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE.[133] The lawsuit was dismissed by US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant in September 2018.[134]

Championships and accomplishments
Chavo Guerrero as ECW Champion

Luchas de Apuestas record
See also: Luchas de Apuestas
Winner (wager) Loser (wager) Location Event Date Notes
Eddie Guerrero (hair)Chavo Guerrero Jr. (hair)San Diego, CaliforniaBash at the BeachJuly 12, 1998
Chavo Guerrero Jr. (hair)Damián 666 (hair)Santa Maria, CaliforniaSummer Sizzle V – VendettaVersaryAugust 2, 2014[Note 1]

Notes
  1. Chavo Guerrero Jr. wagered Chavo Guerrero Sr.'s hair and Damián 666 wagered Bestia 666's hair; however, Bestia 666 left the arena before the Guerreros could cut his hair.

References
  1. "Texas Births, 1926–1995". Family Tree Legends. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
  2. "Chavo Guerrero". WWE. Archived from the original on May 7, 2010. Retrieved February 5, 2012.
  3. "Chavo Guerrero". Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Archived from the original on August 1, 2012. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  4. "Chavo Guerrero Bio". Online World of Wrestling. Retrieved July 2, 2008.
  5. Reynolds, R. D. (2007). The WrestleCrap Book of Lists!. ECW Press. p. 30. ISBN 978-1-55022-762-8.
  6. "WCW Bio". WCW. Archived from the original on January 19, 2001. Retrieved June 18, 2009.
  7. "El Paso County, TX – Birth 1970". Vital Records. RootsWeb. Archived from the original on January 9, 2009. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
  8. "Chavo Guerrero Jr". Slam! Wrestling. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved May 5, 2008.
  9. "History of the ECW Championship: Chavo Guerrero". WWE. January 22, 2008. Retrieved April 27, 2008.
  10. "ECW Championship". WWE. Retrieved July 2, 2012.
  11. "City of El Paso". www.elpasotexas.gov. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
  12. "How is a Vaudevillain Related to Eddie Guerrero?". About.com Entertainment. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
  13. Kreikenbohm, Philip. "Best of the Super Junior IV " Tournaments Database " CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  14. Corey WNE (May 22, 2012), Ric Flair vs Chavo Guerrero Jr-WCW United States Title, retrieved February 21, 2017
  15. "WCW Nitro – 1/11/99". DDTDigest. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
  16. "411MANIA | Ring Crew Reviews: WCW Great American Bash 1998". Ring Crew Reviews: WCW Great American Bash 1998. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
  17. Eddie Guerrero vs. Chavo Guerrero - 7/12/98, WWE, May 9, 2012, retrieved February 13, 2017 – via Youtube
  18. "411MANIA | The Furious Flashbacks – WCW Souled Out '99". The Furious Flashbacks – WCW Souled Out ‘99. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  19. "411MANIA | The Furious Flashbacks – WCW Superbrawl 9". The Furious Flashbacks – WCW Superbrawl 9. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  20. "WCW Thunder – Wednesday, June 7, 2000". DDTDigest. Retrieved June 18, 2009.
  21. "WCW Monday Nitro – July 31, 2000". DDTDigest. Retrieved June 18, 2009.
  22. "WCW Thunder – Wednesday, 12/6/2000". DDTDigest.
  23. "WCW Greed results". Pro Wrestling History.
  24. "SmackDown – July 5, 2001 Results". May 10, 2007.
  25. "Pro Wrestling Illustrated presents: 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts". "Wrestling's historical cards". Kappa Publishing. 2007. p. 115.
  26. "SmackDown – 19 September 2002 Results". May 10, 2007.
  27. Plummer, Dale (October 24, 2003). "Smackdown!: The Deadman wants to bury Vince". Slam! Sports. Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  28. "SmackDown – January 8, 2004 Results". May 10, 2007.
  29. "SmackDown – 15 January 2004 Results". May 10, 2007.
  30. "22 January 2004 SMACKDOWN! RESULTS". Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
  31. "Pro Wrestling Illustrated presents: 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts". Wrestling's historical cards. Kappa Publishing. 2007. p. 114.
  32. "SmackDown – 26 August 2004 Results". May 10, 2007.
  33. "SmackDown – 21 October 2004 Results". May 10, 2007.
  34. "Velocity – 27 October 2004 Results". May 10, 2007.
  35. "Pro Wrestling Illustrated presents: 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts". Wrestling's historical cards. Kappa Publishing. 2007. p. 117.
  36. "SmackDown – 31 March 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  37. "RAW – 4 July 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  38. "SmackDown – 23 June 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  39. "SmackDown – 30 June 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  40. "RAW -September 5, 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  41. "RAW – 12 September 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  42. "Pro Wrestling Illustrated presents: 2007 Wrestling almanac & book of facts". Wrestling's historical cards. Kappa Publishing. 2007. p. 118.
  43. "RAW – 26 September 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  44. "Vince McMahon and Chavo Guerrero discuss this morning's tragic news on the passing of Eddie Guerrero; tonight's TV tapings set to be a four-hour tribute show". May 10, 2007. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.
  45. "SmackDown – 18 November 2005 Results". May 10, 2007.
  46. "SmackDown – 24 February 2006 Results". May 10, 2007.
  47. "RAW – 27 February 2006 Results". May 10, 2007.
  48. "RAW – 3 April 2006 Results". May 10, 2007.
  49. Williams, Ed III (May 21, 2006). "Rey Mysterio's dream ride somehow continues". WWE. Retrieved January 5, 2008.
  50. Hoffman, Brett (July 23, 2006). "Shattered Dreams". WWE. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved January 6, 2008.
  51. "Video: WWE 7 greatest "I Quit Matches"". www.sportskeeda.com. September 6, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  52. Tello, Craig (February 18, 2007). "Chavo makes a splash". WWE. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  53. Rote, Andrew (June 24, 2007). "Chavo cruises". WWE. Archived from the original on December 21, 2007. Retrieved December 26, 2007.
  54. McAvennie, Mike (July 22, 2007). "A leprechaun's pot o' Cruiserweight gold". WWE. Archived from the original on July 13, 2008. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  55. Fuhrman, Alissa (August 10, 2007). "Answer to the challenge?". WWE. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  56. Fuhrman, Alissa (August 17, 2007). "Hand-slotted reprisal". WWE. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  57. DiFino, Lennie (August 24, 2007). "Hell's spawn". WWE. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  58. McAvennie, Mike (August 26, 2007). "Mysterio soars in his return". WWE. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  59. Dee, Louie (September 7, 2007). "Summer fizzles, but SmackDown sizzles". WWE. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  60. "Fourteen wrestlers tied to pipeline". Sports Illustrated. August 30, 2007. Retrieved August 31, 2007.
  61. Tello, Craig (December 20, 2007). "Why, Chavo? Why?". WWE. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  62. Rote, Andrew (January 1, 2008). "Extreme resolutions". WWE. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  63. Medalis, Kara A. (January 8, 2008). "Retaining gold". WWE. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  64. Medalis, Kara A. (January 15, 2008). "The Gold Standard shines". WWE. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  65. Rote, Andrew (January 15, 2008). "Edge spoils CM Punk's run". WWE. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  66. Medalis, Kara A. (January 22, 2008). "Ain't no stoppin' him". WWE. Retrieved February 5, 2008.
  67. Tello, Craig (January 22, 2008). "Chavo's Night". WWE. Retrieved January 23, 2008.
  68. "WWE No Way Out 2008 Results". Pro-Wrestling Edge. Archived from the original on March 29, 2008. Retrieved March 26, 2008.
  69. Murphy, Ryan (March 30, 2008). "Big Red champion". WWE. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009.
  70. "ECW Championship Scramble". WWE. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  71. "ECW Champion Matt Hardy vs. Chavo Guerrero". WWE. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  72. "2009 WWE Supplemental Draft results". World Wrestling Entertainment. April 15, 2009. Retrieved April 15, 2009.
  73. "Packed to the brim". WWE. June 18, 2009. Retrieved July 2, 2012.
  74. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 6, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  75. "Chavo Guerrero released". World Wrestling Entertainment. June 25, 2011. Retrieved June 25, 2011.
  76. "Workouts -". Retrieved September 1, 2016.
  77. "Campeón Del Caribe". World Wrestling Council. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
  78. Caldwell, James (December 20, 2011). "TNA News: Updates on TNA India project – first champion crowned, near-riot, former WWE wrestlers involved". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
  79. Duncan, Joseph (July 30, 2012). "Summertime Bruise 2012 Results". Vendetta Pro Wrestling. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  80. Duncan, Joseph (October 29, 2012). "Vendetta Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship title history". Vendetta Pro Wrestling. Archived from the original on August 1, 2015. Retrieved October 29, 2012.
  81. "Summer Sizzle V – VendettaVersary". Vendetta Pro Wrestling. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
  82. Krotchsen, Billy (September 20, 2014). "Chikara King of Trios night one results from Easton, PA". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  83. Kreikenbohm, Philip. "Matches " Chavo Guerrero " Wrestlers Database " CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  84. "News: Chavo Guerrero Jr. Joins TNA Impact Wrestling". Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. July 19, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2012.
  85. Caldwell, James (July 26, 2012). "Caldwell's TNA Impact Wrestling results 7/26: Ongoing "virtual-time" coverage of live Impact – BFG Series matches, interim GM". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved July 26, 2012.
  86. Caldwell, James (August 12, 2012). "Caldwell's TNA Hardcore Justice PPV results 8/12: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV – Aries vs. Roode, BFG Series matches". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  87. Caldwell, James (September 6, 2012). "Caldwell's TNA Impact results 9/6: Ongoing "virtual-time" coverage of live Impact – BFG Series finale, "Championship Thursday" launch". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved September 6, 2012.
  88. Caldwell, James (October 14, 2012). "Caldwell's TNA Bound for Glory PPV results 10/14: Ongoing "virtual time" coverage of live PPV – Aries vs. Hardy, Storm vs. Roode". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
  89. "IMPACT Wrestling No. 447 (January 25, 2013)". CAGEMATCH. Retrieved December 27, 2013.
  90. "CALDWELL'S TNA LOCKDOWN PPV RESULTS 3/10: Live, in-person coverage from San Antonio – Hardy vs. Ray TNA Title match, Lethal Lockdown, more".
  91. "CALDWELL'S TNA IMPACT RESULTS 3/14: Complete "virtual-time" coverage of live Impact – Lockdown PPV fall-out from Chicago".
  92. "CALDWELL'S TNA IMPACT RESULTS 3/21: Complete "virtual-time" coverage of Impact from Chicago – new No. 1 contender to TNA Title, two title matches, Lockdown fall-out".
  93. "CALDWELL'S TNA IMPACT RESULTS 3/28: Complete "virtual-time" coverage of Open Fight Night – Hardy vs. Anderson, more".
  94. "CALDWELL'S TNA IMPACT RESULTS 4/11: Ongoing "virtual-time" coverage of live Impact – TNA World Title match, Tag Title opener".
  95. "CALDWELL'S TNA SLAMMIVERSARY PPV RESULTS (Hour 2): Hall of Fame inductee revealed, new Tag & TV champions".
  96. "CALDWELL'S TNA IMPACT RESULTS 6/6: Complete "virtual-time" coverage of live Impact – PPV fall-out, Bully vs. Hardy ladder match, Rampage Jackson debuts, more".
  97. "CHAVO FIRED, TNA CHRISTMAS PARTY THIS WEEKEND, TNA DONATES TO HURRICANE SANDY AND MORE - PWInsider.com". Retrieved September 1, 2016.
  98. Johnson, Mike (September 6, 2014). "First Lucha Underground taping for the El Rey network tonight, updates on all we know". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
  99. Peeples, Jeremy (October 29, 2014). "Lucha Underground TV report: Prince Puma (Ricochet) vs. Johnny Mundo (John Morrison)". Wrestling Observer. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
  100. Peeples, Jeremy. "Lucha Underground TV report – week three". Wrestling Observer. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
  101. Johnson, Mike (October 5, 2014). "Lucha Underground spoiler". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
  102. Dehnel, Joel (January 8, 2015). "Dehnel's Lucha Underground report 1/7: First Lucha Underground champion determined in Aztec Warfare". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
  103. "Lucha Underground results 3/22".
  104. "1/10 Lucha Underground TV taping spoilers". Pro Wrestling Insider. Retrieved January 15, 2016.
  105. Pizzazz, Manolo Has (June 15, 2018). "Lucha Underground recap and review: Aztec Warfare 4". Cageside Seats. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  106. Pizzazz, Manolo Has (November 9, 2018). "Lucha Underground's Ultima Lucha Cuatro, Part 2 recap & review: Dario is back!". Cageside Seats. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  107. Thomas, Jeremy (January 27, 2020). "Vampiro Says Lucha Underground Paved The Way For AEW, Discusses Why Lucha Underground Failed". 411MANIA. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
  108. "Chavo Guerrero: 'Las empresas tienen que cuidar mejor a sus luchadores'". July 29, 2019.
  109. "Alberto el Patron Feels That Nacion Lucha Libre Has the Best Roster in Mexico | Fightful Wrestling".
  110. "Alberto El Patron's Nacion Lucha Libre To Close Down". theovertimer.com.
  111. "IMPACT Wrestling Operation: Override Results Sami Callihan vs Eddie Edwards in a Street Fight • Page 2 | Fightful Wrestling".
  112. https://mobile.twitter.com/IMPACTWRESTLING/status/1172675976788107264
  113. "Chavo Guerrero (Character)". Giant Bomb. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
  114. "GeekNation". geeknation.com. Archived from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  115. PP-Ep7 - Chavo Guerrero, Jr., retrieved February 13, 2017
  116. "PP-Ep56 - Chavo Guerrero Jr. and John Hennigan". www.podcat.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  117. Revolution!, VLR - Viva La Raza - Limited Edition Clothing - Join the. "Home". VLR - Viva La Raza - Limited Edition Clothing - Join the Revolution!. Archived from the original on February 13, 2017. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  118. TV.com. "Red Shoe Diaries". TV.com. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  119. "'Grimm' recap: 'Silence of the Slams'". EW.com. March 18, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  120. Fight to the Finish, retrieved February 13, 2017
  121. Vigilante Diaries (in Polish), retrieved February 13, 2017
  122. "'GLOW' Fight Coordinator Chavo Guerrero Jr. On Getting Wrestling Right". June 22, 2017.
  123. "Chavo Guerrero Jr. Lands Job on 'GLOW' Netflix Series". Pro Wrestling Sheet | Insider Wrestling News and Reports. September 1, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  124. Chavo Guerrero's Warriors Creed #1 - Comics by comiXology: Web UK.
  125. Chavo Guerrero's Warriors Creed #1 - Comics by comiXology.
  126. "Chavo Guerrero's Warrior's Creed Comic Book Debuting in June". Wrestlezone. March 25, 2016. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  127. "Chavo Guerrero's Warriors Creed (Volume) - Comic Vine". Comic Vine. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
  128. VITAL RECORDS – EL PASO COUNTY, TX – MARRIAGE 1970 – Salvador Guerrero Yañez married Nancy Vasquez on 10 May 1970 Archived January 10, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  129. "How is a Vaudevillain Related to Eddie Guerrero?". About.com Entertainment. Retrieved February 13, 2017.
  130. "Police Paint Grisly Picture of Benoit Home". ABC News. Archived from the original on August 21, 2007. Retrieved December 27, 2007.
  131. Muchnick, Irvin (December 2, 2008). "The unbearable ambiguity of Benoit". SLAM! Sports. Retrieved December 6, 2008.
  132. Farhi, Paul (September 1, 2007). "Pro Wrestling Suspends 10 Linked to Steroid Ring". Retrieved September 1, 2016 – via washingtonpost.com.
  133. "WWE sued in wrestler class action lawsuit featuring Jimmy 'Superfly' Snuka, Paul 'Mr Wonderful' Orndorff". FoxSports.com. Fox Entertainment Group (21st Century Fox). July 18, 2015. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  134. Robinson, Byron (September 22, 2018). "Piledriver: WWE uses 'Hell in a Cell' as springboard to future shows". Montgomery Advertiser. Retrieved October 23, 2018.
  135. Valdés, Apolo (June 5, 2016). "Estados Unidos, Campeón de Lucha Libre World Cup". MedioTiempo (in Spanish). MSN. Retrieved June 5, 2016.
  136. "Honorees". Cauliflower Alley Club. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  137. "Chavo guerrero jr on Instagram: "Cool pic that my friend & the best announcer in the business @justinroberts posted. Thanks & always good seeing him. #demlegs…"". Instagram. Retrieved October 3, 2018.
  138. "Lucha Underground: Gift of the Gods Results & Reaction". Four 3 Four. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  139. "Pro Wrestling Illustrated (PWI) 500 for 2004". Internet Wrestling Database. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
  140. Kreikenbohm, Philip. "RKK Tag Team Championship " Titles Database " CAGEMATCH - The Internet Wrestling Database". www.cagematch.net. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  141. Nemer, Paul (December 13, 2013). "TNA Impact Wrestling Results - 12/12/13 (Feast or Fired) - Wrestling News and Results, WWE News, TNA News, ROH News". Wrestling News and Results, WWE News, TNA News, ROH News. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  142. "2014 Vendetty Awards". Vendetta Pro Wrestling. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
  143. "History of the Cruiserweight Championship". WWE. Retrieved June 18, 2009.
  144. Duncan, Royal. "WCW – World Championship Wrestling WCW World Tag Team Title History". Solie. Retrieved June 21, 2008.
  145. "WWE Tag Team Championship official title history". Retrieved June 21, 2008.
  146. Meltzer, Dave (January 26, 2011). "Biggest issue of the year: The 2011 Wrestling Observer Newsletter Awards Issue". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, CA: 1–40. ISSN 1083-9593.
  147. "What was the Worst of 2009?". Retrieved January 28, 2010.
  148. "Talk 'N Shop A Mania". Cage Match. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.