Donets-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic

The Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic or Donetsk–Kryvyi Rih Soviet Republic (Russian: Донецко-Криворожская советская республика, Ukrainian: Донецько-Криворізька Радянська Республіка, romanized: Donetsko-Kryvorizka Radianska Respublika) was a self-declared Soviet republic of the Russian SFSR founded on 12 February 1918. It was founded three days after the government of Ukraine signed the treaty with the Germans, which recognised the borders of the Ukrainian People's Republic. The republic was never viewed as a separate entity by anyone except for members of the self proclaimed republic.[4] The interest in the republic and its autonomous status was revived with the appearance of the Ukrainian political party Donetsk Republic in 2005 led by Andrei Purgin.

For the 2014 separatist entity, see Donetsk People's Republic.

Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic

  • Донецко-Криворожская
  • советская республика
1918–1918
Map of the territory claimed by the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic.
Statusunrecognized, self-declared entity[4][5]
CapitalKharkov, later Luhansk
Common languagesRussian
GovernmentSoviet Socialist Republic
Chairman of the Sovnarkom 
• 1918
Fyodor Sergeyev
LegislatureSoviet council
Historical eraWorld War I
• Established
12 February 1918
• Incorporated into the Ukrainian Soviet Republic
20 March[6] 1918
CurrencyRuble
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Russian SFSR
Ukrainian People's Republic
Ukrainian Soviet Republic
Today part of

The Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic claimed the territories south of the neighbouring Ukrainian People's Republic, which included the Donbass, Kharkov, Yekaterinoslav, and part of the Kherson Governorates. In the beginning, the republic's capital was the city of Kharkov, but later with the retreat of the Red Guard it was moved to Luhansk. The Soviet government of Russia supported it as the existence of the state set anarchy in the region. The newly created government challenged the authority of the General Secretariat of Ukraine and the People's Secretariat. Some of the commissars held positions as secretaries in another Bolshevik government in Ukraine, the People's Secretariat.

The Republic was disbanded at the second All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets on 20 March 1918 when the independence of Soviet Ukraine was announced. It failed to achieve recognition, either internationally or by the Russian SFSR and in accordance with the March Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was abolished.

The legacy of the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic was revived during the War in Donbass that began in 2014. On 5 February 2015, the legislature of the unrecognised separatist Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) adopted a memorandum declaring the DPR to be the legal successor to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic, with Artyom as its founding father.[7] The flag of the Donetsk People's Republic is claimed by the separatist authorities to be based on the flag of Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic. However, there is no proof of any such flag in 1918. The current flag is most likely based on Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.[1]

Government

After a government crisis and resignation of Vasilchenko, Zhakov and Filov on 29 March 1918, the Sovnarkom relocated from Kharkiv to Luhansk.

See also

Notes
  1. A black-blue-red tricolour has widely been attributed to the Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Republic, and is used by organisations such as the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. There is no historical record of this flag having been used in 1918, however, and the tricolour is believed to have originated with the International Movement for Donbass in the 1980s.[1][2][3]

References
  1. Edwards, Maxim (9 June 2014). "Symbolism of the Donetsk People's Republic". openDemocracy. Retrieved 3 June 2017. But Vladimir Kornilov, the world's leading – and only – specialist on the short-lived state (and author of The Assassinated Dream, a book on its history), does not agree. The myths that grew around the Republic, [Kornilov] added, led to distorted views of its history, and 'pictures of some flag which was never actually used.' In fact, the flag used by the Donetsk People's Republic is, with alterations, that of the International Movement for Donbas or the Interdvizheniye Donbasa, an organisation whose roots started only in August 1989, in a lecture theatre of Donetsk University.
  2. Novikova, Galina (24 April 2014). 'Донецкая республика' существовала еще при Ющенко ['Donetsk Republic' existed even prior Yushchenko]. Komsomolskaya Pravda (in Russian). Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  3. Volynets, Aleksei (15 April 2014). Донецкая республика: мифы и реальность [Donetsk Republic: myths and reality]. Rusplt.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  4. Donets–Kryvoi Rog Soviet Republic (ДОНЕЦЬКО- КРИВОРІЗЬКА РАДЯНСЬКА РЕСПУБЛІКА). Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia at leksika.
  5. Soldatenko, V. Donets–Kryvoi Rog Republic. History of the separatist myth. (Донецько-Криворізька республіка. Історія сепаратистського міфу). Istorychna Pravda. 11 February 2011
  6. Soldatenko, Valerii (4–10 December 2004). Донецко-Криворожская республика — иллюзии и практика национального нигилизма [Donets-Krivoy Rog Republic - the illusions and practice of national nihilism]. Zerkalo Nedeli (in Russian) (49 (524)). Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  7. "The DPR became a legal successor of the Donetsk-Krivoy-Rog Republic". novorossia.today. 5 February 2015. Retrieved 3 June 2017.

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