Edward Hughes (Royal Navy officer)

Sir Edward Hughes
Sir Edward Hughes
	Portrait of Admiral Sir Edward Hughes, circa 1786, Great Britain, artist unknown. Gift of the family of Burton Boys, 2006. Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.
Born	1720
Died	1794 (aged 73–74)
Allegiance	Kingdom of Great Britain
Service/branch	Royal Navy
Rank	Captain; Admiral
Commands held	HMS Larke; HMS Somerset[1]; East Indies Station
Battles/wars	War of Jenkins' Ear; Capture of Porto Bello 1739; Cartagena Expedition 1741; Battle of Toulon 1744; Voyage of the Glorioso 1747; Seven Years' War; Siege of Louisbourg (1758); Quebec expedition; American Revolutionary War (East Indies): Battle of Sadras; Battle of Providien; Battle of Negapatam (1782); Battle of Trincomalee; Battle of Cuddalore (1783);

Admiral Sir Edward Hughes RN (c. 1720 – 1794) was a Royal Navy officer who commanded the East Indies Station.

Naval career

Hughes joined the Royal Navy in 1735, and four years later, was present at the capture of Portobelo, Panama.[2] In 1740, he was promoted to lieutenant and served in the Cartagena expedition of 1741, and at the indecisive Battle of Toulon in 1744. In HMS Warwick, he participated in the action against the Glorioso, but without proper support from the Lark (which was sailing with the Warwick), the enemy escaped. The commander of the Lark was subsequently tried and condemned for his conduct, and Hughes received the vacated command. Captain Hughes was with Edward Boscawen at Louisburg and with Charles Saunders at Quebec.[2][3]

Captain Sir Edward Hughes, circa 1720-94 by Violante Beatrice Siries from the collection of the National Maritime Museum.

He was in continual employment during the peace, and as commodore, commanded the East Indies Station from 1773 to 1777.[2] Before long, he returned to the East Indies Station as a rear-admiral, with an overwhelming naval force. On his outward voyage, he took Gorée from the French, and he was called upon to conduct only minor operations for the next two years, as the enemy could not muster any force fit to meet the powerful squadron Hughes had brought from the Channel.[3]

With Spain and Great Britain at war, Spanish authorities in Chile received a warning that Hughes was heading to Chilean coasts for an imminent attack.[4] In 1782, at the reopening of hostilities in the East Indies, he stormed Trincomalee a few days before the squadron of Suffren arrived in the neighbourhood.[2] For the next year, these Indian waters were the scene of one of the most famous of naval campaigns.[2] Suffren was perhaps the ablest naval commander that France ever produced, but his subordinates were factious and unskilful; Hughes on the other hand, whose ability was that born of long experience rather than genius, was well supported. No fewer than five fiercely contested general actions were fought by the two fleets, neither of them gaining a decisive advantage. In the end, Hughes held his ground.[3]

After the peace, he returned to England, and, though further promotions came to him, he never again hoisted his flag. He had accumulated considerable wealth during his Indian service, which for the most part he spent in unostentatious charity. He died at his seat of Luxborough in Essex in 1794.[2][3]

His second wife Ruth died in 1800. Hughes' fortune went to Edward Hughes Ball Hughes (c. 1798 – 1863), her grandson by a previous marriage, who became the dandy and wastrel known as "The Golden Ball".

Tribute

The British East India Company ship the Sir Edward Hughes launched in 1784, was named after him.

References

Who's who in Naval History: From 1550 to the Present, Alastair Wilson, Joseph Catto, 2004: Routledge, Abingdon, UK, entry "Hughes, Edward", p. 153
Sir Edward Hughes at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hughes, Sir Edward". Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 660.
Ossa Santa Cruz, Juan Luis (2010). "La criollización de un ejército periférico, Chile, 1768-1810". Historia. 42 (II): 413–448. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

External links

Media related to Edward Hughes at Wikimedia Commons

Military offices
Preceded by Robert Harland	Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station 1773–1777	Succeeded by Edward Vernon
Preceded by Edward Vernon	Commander-in-Chief, East Indies Station 1780–1784	Succeeded by Andrew Mitchell

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[1] Who's who in Naval History: From 1550 to the Present, Alastair Wilson, Joseph Catto, 2004: Routledge, Abingdon, UK, entry "Hughes, Edward", p. 153

[odnb-2] Sir Edward Hughes at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

[EB1911-3] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hughes, Sir Edward". Encyclopædia Britannica. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 660.

[4] Ossa Santa Cruz, Juan Luis (2010). "La criollización de un ejército periférico, Chile, 1768-1810". Historia. 42 (II): 413–448. Archived from the original on 1 February 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2016.