Eerste Divisie

The Eerste Divisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈeːrstə diˈvizi], English: First Division) is the second-highest tier of football in the Netherlands. It is linked with the top-level Eredivisie and with the third-level Tweede Divisie via promotion/relegation systems. It is also known as the Keuken Kampioen Divisie due to sponsorship,[1] while previously it was known as Jupiler League for the same reason.

Eerste Divisie
Founded1956 (1956)
CountryNetherlands
ConfederationUEFA
Number of teams20
Level on pyramid2
Promotion toEredivisie
Relegation toTweede Divisie (reserve teams)
Domestic cup(s)KNVB-beker
Current championsNone
(2019–20)
Most championshipsFC Volendam (6 titles)
TV partnersESPN
(Matches of highly ranked clubs) & Veronica TV
(Summary and highlights of all played matches)
Websitekeukenkampioendivisie.nl
Current: 2020–21 Eerste Divisie

History

The Eerste Divisie consists of 20 clubs, who play each other in a double round-robin league, with each club playing the other club home and away. Each club plays every other club once in the first half of the season before the league takes a winter break around the Christmas and New Year's holiday season. The second half of the season sees the same fixtures as the first half, with the stadiums changed, although the two halves are not played in the same order.

At the end of each season, the champion and the runner-up of the Eerste Divisie are automatically promoted to the Eredivisie. Seven other clubs enter the Nacompetitie [ˈnaːkɔmpəˌti(t)si], a promotion/relegation playoff that includes the 16th-placed club in the Eredivisie. The following teams qualify for the Nacompetitie:

  • The club with the best record in the "first period" of the season (after 8 rounds).
  • The club with the best record in the "second period" of the season (rounds 9–16).
  • The club with the best record in the "third period" of the season (rounds 17–24).
  • The club with the best record in the "fourth period" of the season (rounds 25–32).
  • The two remaining spots are filled at the season's end by the highest-placed clubs that have not already earned automatic promotion or qualified for the Nacompetitie.

If the club that wins a period has qualified for the Nacompetitie by winning a previous period, its place is filled by the next-best club in that period that has not already qualified. Usually, the clubs that qualify for the Nacompetitie turn out to be the 3rd- through 9th-placed clubs in the final table. Clubs in the Nacompetitie face each other in a knock-out system with the number 16 of the Eredivisie for one place in next season's Eredivisie.

Between seasons 1971–72 and 2007–09 teams could not relegate from the Eerste Divisie. From the 2009–10 season onwards, one team has been relegated from the Eerste Divisie to the Hoofdklasse (then the main amateur league of Dutch football). From the 2010–11 to 2015–16 seasons, the KNVB introduced a third and highest amateur tier called Topklasse, and Hoofdklasse clubs have been able to get promoted to that new division.

Before the 2008–09 season, Hoofdklasse clubs could be promoted by obtaining a professional licence. However, only a club going bankrupt or losing their license could result in clubs leaving professional football. The last clubs leaving professional football in that way were FC Wageningen and VCV Zeeland in 1992, and more recently HFC Haarlem and RBC Roosendaal, who went bankrupt in January 2010 and June 2011 respectively. The most recent additions to the league were AGOVV Apeldoorn in 2003 and FC Omniworld in 2005, expanding the league to 19 and later 20 clubs. However, for the 2010–11 season, the league returned to 18 clubs, as HFC Haarlem went bankrupt and FC Oss were relegated to the newly formed Topklasse. The 2012–13 season ended with 16 teams after AGOVV and SC Veendam went bankrupt. Four teams have been added to bring the division back up to 20 teams in 2013. Achilles '29 has been promoted from the Topklasse with the reserve teams of Ajax, FC Twente and PSV being added as well.

Since the 2016–17 season there is optional relegation to the third-tier, amateur Tweede Divisie. Clubs in the Tweede Divisie had to announce in mid-season if they want to be eligible for promotion. Only if one of those clubs won the Tweede Divisie championship is a team relegated from the Eerste Divisie.

The remainder of the 2019–20 season was cancelled amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, thus there were no promotions or relegations.[2] Before the cancellation, the KNVB met in December 2019 and ruled that promotion to the second division and relegation to the third were suspended until 2022–23, and that the lowest-ranked Eerste Divisie Jong team will exchange places with its highest-ranked Tweede Divisie counterpart.[3]

Attendance record

Clubs with larger fanbases suffered relegation in the 2000s, with Roda JC setting the Eerste Divisie attendance record at 16,150 during their home game against N.E.C. in the 2014–15 season. NAC Breda bettered it a season later in their home match against Go Ahead Eagles, which had an attendance of 17,800 people.

Champions
Season Winner Runner-up
1956–57 ADO / Blauw Wit Alkmaar '54 / Stormvogels
1957–58 Willem II / SHS DFC / Stormvogels
1958–59 FC Volendam / Sittardia Leeuwarden / Stormvogels
1959–60 GVAV / Alkmaar '54 Vitesse / DFC
1960–61 FC Volendam / Blauw Wit De Volewijckers / DHC
1961–62 Heracles / Fortuna Vlaardingen Excelsior / DHC
1962–63 DWS Go Ahead
1963–64 Sittardia Telstar
1964–65 Willem II USV Elinkwijk
1965–66 Sittardia Xerxes
1966–67 FC Volendam NEC
1967–68 Holland Sport AZ '67
1968–69 SVV HFC Haarlem
1969–70 FC Volendam Excelsior
1970–71 FC Den Bosch GVAV
1971–72 HFC Haarlem AZ '67
1972–73 Roda JC PEC Zwolle
1973–74 Excelsior Vitesse
1974–75 NEC FC Groningen
1975–76 HFC Haarlem FC VVV
1976–77 Vitesse PEC Zwolle
1977–78 PEC Zwolle MVV Maastricht
1978–79 Excelsior FC Groningen
1979–80 FC Groningen FC Volendam
1980–81 HFC Haarlem SC Heerenveen
1981–82 Helmond Sport Fortuna Sittard
1982–83 DS '79 FC Volendam
1983–84 MVV Maastricht FC Twente
1984–85 SC Heracles FC VVV
1985–86 FC Den Haag PEC Zwolle
1986–87 FC Volendam Willem II
1987–88 RKC Waalwijk SC Veendam
1988–89 Vitesse FC Den Haag
1989–90 SVV NAC Breda
1990–91 De Graafschap NAC Breda
1991–92 SC Cambuur BVV Den Bosch
1992–93 VVV-Venlo SC Heerenveen
1993–94 Dordrecht '90 NEC
1994–95 Fortuna Sittard De Graafschap
1995–96 AZ FC Emmen
1996–97 MVV Maastricht SC Cambuur
1997–98 AZ SC Cambuur
1998–99 FC Den Bosch FC Groningen
1999–2000 NAC Breda FC Zwolle
2000–01 FC Den Bosch Excelsior
2001–02 FC Zwolle Excelsior
2002–03 ADO Den Haag FC Emmen
2003–04 FC Den Bosch Excelsior
2004–05 Heracles Almelo Sparta Rotterdam
2005–06 Excelsior VVV-Venlo
2006–07 De Graafschap VVV-Venlo
2007–08 FC Volendam RKC Waalwijk
2008–09 VVV-Venlo RKC Waalwijk
2009–10 De Graafschap SC Cambuur
2010–11 RKC Waalwijk FC Zwolle
2011–12 FC Zwolle Sparta Rotterdam
2012–13 SC Cambuur FC Volendam
2013–14 Willem II FC Dordrecht
2014–15 NEC FC Eindhoven
2015–16 Sparta VVV-Venlo
2016–17 VVV-Venlo Jong Ajax
2017–18 Jong Ajax Fortuna Sittard
2018–19 FC Twente Sparta Rotterdam
2019–20 No champion and runner-up[2]

1 Blauw Wit, De Volewijckers and DWS merged into FC Amsterdam, which folded in 1982. Reformed as Blauw-Wit Amsterdam, defunct in 2015.
2 Fortuna 54 merged with Sittardia to form FSC, later renamed Fortuna Sittard.
3 ADO merged with Holland Sport into FC Den Haag, later renamed ADO Den Haag
4 SV SVV (SVV) and Drecht Steden 79 (DS '79) merged into SVV/Dordecht'90. Now FC Dordrecht.

Playoffs

Promotion
Position Playoff Following season
1Direct promotionEredivisiea
Period championRound 1 if it is a low ranked club, semi-finals if it is a highly ranked club.Eredivisie or Eerste Divisie depends on whether the team wins the pools final.
High-ranked clubsPlayoff Semi-finalsEredivisie or Eerste Divisie depends on whether the team wins the pools final.
Lower-ranked clubPlayoff Round 1Eredivisie or Eerste Divisie depends on whether the team wins the pools final.

aA Jong (reserve) team can become the champion. But they cannot promote, the direct promotion or the playoff ticket will then be given to the next non-Jong team in the table.

Round 1

Round 1 will be played against lower-ranked teams, in both pools (Pool A or Pool B). Winner Round 1 will compete in the semi-finals against the number 17th or 16th from the Eredivisie.

Semi-finals

In both pools of the semi-finals, there are two matches played (Match A and Match B). Match A is the winner of Round 1 against the number 17th or 16th of the Eredivisie. Match B is against two highly ranked clubs. Winner of Match A and Match B will go to the finals

Finals

Both pools have their own finals, the finals are played against the winner of Match A and Match B of the semi-finals. The winner of the finals will go to the Eredivisie.

See also

References
  1. "Eerste Divisie wordt Keuken Kampioen Divisie". Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  2. "KNVB beslist: Ajax nummer één, geen promotie/degradatie" [KNVB decides: Ajax number one, no promotion/relegation] (in Dutch). NOS. 24 April 2020. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  3. "Bondsvergadering kiest voor nieuwe competitiestructuur in jeugdvoetbal" [Association assembly opts for a new league structure in youth football] (in Dutch). KNVB. 16 December 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
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