Football League Second Division

Football League Second Division
Founded	1892
Folded	2004
Country	England ; Wales
Number of teams	24
Level on pyramid	3 (1992–2004); 2 (1892–1992)
Promotion to	First Division (1892–2004)
Relegation to	Third Division (1920–1921, 1958–2004); North/South (1921–1958)
International cup(s)	European Cup Winners' Cup (1960–1985, 1990–1999)
Last champions	Plymouth Argyle; (2003–04)
Most championships	Leicester City; Manchester City (7 titles)

The Football League Second Division was the second level division in the English football league system between 1892 and 1992. Following the foundation of the FA Premier League, the Football League divisions were renumbered and the third tier became known as the Football League Second Division. After the rebranding of the Football League in 2003–04, it became known as Football League One.

Early history

In 1888, Scotsman William McGregor a director of Aston Villa, was the main force between meetings held in London and Manchester involving 12 football clubs, with an eye to a league competition. These 12 clubs would later become the Football League's 12 founder members. The meetings were held in London on 22 March 1888. The main concern was that an early exit in the knockout format of the FA Cup could leave clubs with no matches for almost a year; not only could they suffer heavy financial losses, but fans did not wait long without a game, when other teams were playing. Matters were finalised on 17 April in Manchester.

McGregor had voted against the name The Football League, as he was concerned that it would be associated with the Irish Land League.[1] But this name still won by a majority vote and was selected. The competition guaranteed fixtures for all of its member clubs. Geographically, these were split equally between the North and the Midlands.

A rival English league called the Football Alliance operated from 1889 to 1892. In 1892 it was decided to formally merge the two leagues, and so the Football League Second Division was formed, consisting mostly of Football Alliance clubs. The existing League clubs, plus three of the strongest Alliance clubs, comprised the Football League First Division.

Overview

The Second Division was formed in 1892 with 12 clubs, most of which had previously played in the Football Alliance. The original members were: Ardwick (now Manchester City), Bootle, Burton Swifts, Crewe Alexandra, Darwen, Grimsby Town, Lincoln City, Northwich Victoria, Port Vale, Sheffield United, Small Heath (now Birmingham City), and Walsall. Manchester City and Leicester City jointly hold the record for most second tier championships (7).

It expanded over the years to its final total of 24 clubs, as follows:

1893 – 15 clubs
1894 – 16
1898 – 18
1905 – 20
1919 – 22
1987 – 23
1988 – 24

For the first few years, there was no automatic promotion to the First Division. Instead, the top few teams in Division Two, including the winners, contested a series of test matches against the bottom teams in Division One. Small Heath, Second Division champions in 1892–93, were denied promotion after losing in test matches to Newton Heath. However, runners-up Sheffield United beat Accrington to become the first team to win promotion to the First Division. Test matches were abolished in 1898 after Burnley and Stoke conspired to deliberately draw their test match 0–0, which resulted in Burnley being promoted and Stoke being saved from relegation.

Relegation to the Football League Third Division was in place in the season before the latter even started, as Grimsby Town (last place in 1919–20) made way for Cardiff City and formed the new Third Division with southern clubs. For subsequent seasons, two clubs were relegated into either the Third Division North or Third Division South depending on their geographical location. When the Third Division was reunified in 1958–59, the relegation arrangement was kept; a third club began being relegated in 1974.

Previous League champions

See List of teams promoted from the English Football League Championship and predecessors for winners from 1893 to 1992 and List of winners of English Football League One and predecessors for winners from 1993 to 2004.

References

"A History of Football", p.22

Sporting positions
Preceded by Football Alliance	Second tier of English football 1892–1992	Succeeded by Football League First Division
Preceded by Football League Third Division	Third tier of English football 1992–2004	Succeeded by Football League One

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[AHistoryOfFootball22-1] "A History of Football", p.22

Third-level football leagues of Europe (UEFA)
Current	Albania Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Federation Republika Srpska Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Bohemia Moravia–Silesia Denmark England Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Rep of Ireland Leinster Munster Ulster Israel Italy Kazakhstan Kosovo Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Northern Ireland Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Scotland Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine Wales
Former	Belgium England Third Division Third Division North Third Division South Second Division Germany East Germany Bayern Berlin Nordbaden Rheinland Saarland Schwarzwald-Bodensee Südbaden Südwest Württemberg Mitte Regionalliga West/Südwest Greece Rep of Ireland Connacht A Championship B Division Israel Italy Malta Northern Ireland Portugal Second Division Third Division Scotland Soviet Union Wales North Mid South Wrexham Yugoslavia Third League Croatia Macedonia Montenegro Slovenia
Future	Portugal Spain both in 2021–22

Second level English football league seasons
Football League Second Division	1892–93 1893–94 1894–95 1895–96 1896–97 1897–98 1898–99 1899–00 1900–01 1901–02 1902–03 1903–04 1904–05 1905–06 1906–07 1907–08 1908–09 1909–10 1910–11 1911–12 1912–13 1913–14 1914–15 1915–16 1916–17 1917–18 1918–19 1919–20 1920–21 1921–22 1922–23 1923–24 1924–25 1925–26 1926–27 1927–28 1928–29 1929–30 1930–31 1931–32 1932–33 1933–34 1934–35 1935–36 1936–37 1937–38 1938–39 1939–40 1940–41 1941–42 1942–43 1943–44 1944–45 1945–46 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92
Football League First Division	1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–00 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04
Football League Championship	2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16
EFL Championship	2016–17 2017–18 2018–19 2019–20 2020–21
See also	Football Alliance
List of champions