German submarine U-1060
German submarine U-1060 was a Type VIIF submarine of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in World War II.
| History | |
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| Name: | U-1060 |
| Ordered: | 25 August 1941 |
| Builder: | Germaniawerft, Kiel |
| Yard number: | 694 |
| Laid down: | 7 July 1942 |
| Launched: | 8 March 1943 |
| Commissioned: | 15 May 1943 |
| Fate: | Wrecked, 27 October 1944 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type: | Type VIIF submarine |
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| Height: | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
| Draught: | 4.91 m (16 ft 1 in) |
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| Crew: | 4 officers, 42 enlisted |
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| Victories: | None |
Commissioned on 15 May 1943, U-1060 was one of four Type VIIF torpedo transport submarines, which could carry up to 40 torpedoes,[1] and were used to re-supply other U-boats at sea. U-1060 served from 15 May 1943 to 27 October 1944 with 5th U-boat Flotilla, a training unit.
Design
As one of the four German Type VIIF submarines, U-1060 had a displacement of 1,084 tonnes (1,067 long tons) when at the surface and 1,181 tonnes (1,162 long tons) while submerged.[2] She had a total length of 77.63 m (254 ft 8 in), a pressure hull length of 60.40 m (198 ft 2 in), a beam of 7.30 m (23 ft 11 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.91 m (16 ft 1 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 supercharged four-stroke, six-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two AEG GU 460/8-276 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 shaft horsepower (760 PS; 560 kW) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[2]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 16.9–17.6 knots (31.3–32.6 km/h; 19.4–20.3 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.9 knots (14.6 km/h; 9.1 mph).[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 75 nautical miles (139 km; 86 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 14,700 nautical miles (27,200 km; 16,900 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-1060 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and various anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between 44 and 60.[2]
Service history
U-1060 did not conduct any offensive patrols. Between December 1943 and October 1944 she made six voyages transporting torpedoes from the naval base in Kiel to ports in German-occupied Norway.[3]
On 27 October 1944 Fleet Air Arm Fireflies and Barracudas from the aircraft carrier HMS Implacable attacked U-1060 with rockets and depth charges, and the submarine ran aground on the Norwegian island of Fleina south of Brønnøysund.[4]
On the morning of 29 October two Liberator C Mk V heavy bombers of the Czechoslovak-manned No. 311 Squadron RAF from RAF Tain in Scotland attacked the grounded submarine with wing-mounted SAP60 semi-armour piercing rocket projectiles (RP's).[5] Liberator FL949/Y led by Flg Off Josef Pavelka hit her with seven RP's. The rocket projectile sight aboard Liberator BZ723/H led by Sqn Ldr Alois Šedivý failed, but its crew managed to hit the submarine with another eight RP's. BZ723/H also dropped four depth charges, two of which straddled U-1060 abaft her conning tower.[6]
Finally two Halifax heavy bombers of No. 502 Squadron RAF also depth charged the submarine.[5][7] 12 of U-1060's crew were killed and 43 survived.[8]
References
- Gröner 1991, p. 104.
- Gröner 1991, p. 67.
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "Patrols by U-1060". uboat.net. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
- Vančata 2013, p. 69.
- Osolsobě 1990, pp. 200–206.
- Vančata 2013, pp. 69–70.
- Vančata 2013, p. 70.
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIF boat U-1060". uboat.net. Retrieved 30 November 2009.
Bibliography
- Bishop, Chris (2006). Kriegsmarine U-Boats, 1939–45. London: Amber Books. ISBN 978-1-904687-96-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II: a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
- Osolsobě, Jiří (1990). Zbylo nás devět (in Czech) (2nd ed.). Prague: Naše vojsko. pp. 200–206. ISBN 80-206-0207-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link), the author was the second pilot in Liberator FL949/Y
- Vančata, Pavel (2013). 311 Squadron. Sandomierz: Stratus, for Mushroom Model Publications. pp. 66–70. ISBN 978-83-61421-43-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
