HD 168443

HD 168443 is an ordinary yellow-hued star in the Serpens Cauda segment of the equatorial constellation of Serpens. It is known to have two substellar companions. With an apparent visual magnitude of 6.92,[2] the star lies just below the nominal lower brightness limit of visibility to the normal human eye. This system is located at a distance of 129 light years from the Sun based on parallax,[1] but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −48.7 km/s.[2]

HD 168443
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Serpens
Right ascension 18h 20m 03.9332s[1]
Declination −09° 35′ 44.6093″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 6.92[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type G6V[3]
B−V color index 0.724±0.014[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−48.69±0.10[2] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −91.685±0.089[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −224.285±0.077[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)25.2084 ± 0.0772[1] mas
Distance129.4 ± 0.4 ly
(39.7 ± 0.1 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)4.198[4]
Details[4]
Mass0.995±0.019 M☉
Radius1.51±0.06 R☉
Luminosity2.413±0.009[1] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.07±0.06 cgs
Temperature5,491±44 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.04±0.03 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)2.20±0.50 km/s
Age11.3+1.0
−0.8[2] Gyr
Other designations
BD−09°4692, GJ 4052, HD 168443, HIP 89844, SAO 142228, LTT 7289[5]
Database references
SIMBADdata
Exoplanet Archivedata

This stellar object is a core hydrogen fusing G-type main-sequence star with a classification of G6V, although it is likely evolved[4] with an age of around 11 billion years.[2] It is slightly lower in mass than the Sun but has a radius that is larger by 51%. The star is spinning with a leisurely projected rotational velocity of 2.2 km/s[4] and it has a very inactive chromosphere.[3][4] It is radiating 2.4[1] times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,491 K.[4]

HD 168443 is known to be orbited by a super-Jupiter exoplanet, discovered in 1999, and a brown dwarf, discovered in 2001. The brown dwarf takes 30 times longer to orbit the star than the planet.[6][7][8] Both have eccentric orbits.[4] An orbital fit to Hipparcos astrometric data suggests the brown dwarf has a mass of 34±12 MJ.[8] Test simulations of massless particles orbiting in between these two bodies show that all such objects are quickly ejected within two million years. That suggests any other planetary companions would be orbiting further out from the star.[9]

The HD 168443 planetary system[4]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b ≥7.659±0.0975 MJ 0.2931±0.00181 58.11247±0.0003 0.52883±0.00103 — —
c ≥17.193±0.21 MJ 2.8373±0.018 1,749.83±0.57 0.2113±0.00171 — —

See also

References
  1. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012). "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation". Astronomy Letters. 38 (5): 331. arXiv:1108.4971. Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A. doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015. S2CID 119257644.
  3. Gray, R. O.; et al. (July 2006), "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample", The Astronomical Journal, 132 (1): 161–170, arXiv:astro-ph/0603770, Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G, doi:10.1086/504637
  4. Pilyavsky, Genady; et al. (December 2011). "A Search for the Transit of HD 168443b: Improved Orbital Parameters and Photometry". The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (2): 8. arXiv:1109.5166. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743..162P. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/2/162. 162.
  5. "HD 168443". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  6. Marcy, Geoffrey W.; et al. (1999). "Two New Planets in Eccentric Orbits". The Astrophysical Journal. 520 (1): 239–247. arXiv:astro-ph/9904275. Bibcode:1999ApJ...520..239M. doi:10.1086/307451.
  7. Marcy, Geoffrey W.; et al. (2001). "Two Substellar Companions Orbiting HD 168443". The Astrophysical Journal. 555 (1): 418–425. Bibcode:2001ApJ...555..418M. doi:10.1086/321445.
  8. Reffert, S.; Quirrenbach, A. (2006). "Hipparcos astrometric orbits for two brown dwarf companions: HD 38529 and HD 168443". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 449 (2): 699–702. Bibcode:2006A&A...449..699R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054611.
  9. Barnes, Rory; Raymond, Sean N. (December 2004). "Predicting Planets in Known Extrasolar Planetary Systems. I. Test Particle Simulations". The Astrophysical Journal. 617 (1): 569–574. arXiv:astro-ph/0402542. Bibcode:2004ApJ...617..569B. doi:10.1086/423419.
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