HD 38529

HD 38529 (138 G. Orionis) is a binary star approximately 138 light-years away in the constellation of Orion.

HD 38529 A/B
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Orion
HD 38529 A
Right ascension 05h 46m 34.9130s[1]
Declination +01° 10′ 05.5125″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +5.94
HD 38529 B
Right ascension 05h 46m 19.3765s[2]
Declination +01° 12′ 47.2632″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V) +13.35
Characteristics
Spectral type G4IV / M3.0V
U−B color index ? / ?
B−V color index 0.773 / 0.46
Variable type none / ?
Astrometry
HD 38529 A
Radial velocity (Rv)+28.9 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −77.670±0.100[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −141.987±0.100[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)23.5819 ± 0.0587[1] mas
Distance138.3 ± 0.3 ly
(42.4 ± 0.1 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+2.81
HD 38529 B
Proper motion (μ) RA: −78.556±0.065[2] mas/yr
Dec.: −142.051±0.064[2] mas/yr
Parallax (π)23.6567 ± 0.0392[2] mas
Distance137.9 ± 0.2 ly
(42.27 ± 0.07 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+10.23
Details[3][4]
HD 38529 A
Mass1.479±0.037 M☉
Radius2.678±0.026 R☉
Luminosity6.16±0.15 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)3.83±0.06 cgs
Temperature5619±44 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]0.38±0.03 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)3.20±0.50 km/s
Age3.07±0.39 Gyr
Other designations
RAG 1, WDS J05466+0110AB[5]
HD 38529 A: BD+01°1126, HIP 27253, HR 1988, WDS J05466+0110A[6]
HD 38529 B: WDS J05466+0110B, LP 598-99, 2MASS J05461937+0112471[7]
Database references
SIMBADdata

HD 38529 A

HD 38529 A is a yellow subgiant star, which has also been classified as a main sequence dwarf of spectral type G4V. It is about 40% more massive than our Sun. Two substellar companions are known in orbit around this star, including one with a mass above the deuterium fusion limit that is often used as the dividing line between giant planets and brown dwarfs. There is a debris disk located at least 86 astronomical units from the star.[8] Its orbit is probably mildly misaligned with planetary orbits, by 21−45°.[9]

Planetary system

In 2002, the planet HD 38529 b was discovered orbiting the star HD 38529 A by Debra Fischer and collaborators who detected it using the doppler spectroscopy technique.[10] It has mass 78% that of Jupiter and orbits very close to the star, just beyond the distance limit for hot Jupiters. One year later, a massive superjovian HD 38529 c was found orbiting at 3.68 AU with a minimum mass of 12.7 Jupiter masses.[11] Astrometric measurements from the Hipparcos satellite gave a best fit inclination of 160° and a true mass 37 times that of Jupiter, turning this planet into a brown dwarf.[12] Further study of the system using Hubble Space Telescope astrometry revised the mass of HD 38529 c downwards to 17.7 Jupiter masses and suggested the presence of an additional planet, orbiting in the gap between HD 38529 b and c.[13] The possible third planet was refuted after additional radial velocity measurements were collected.[3]

The HD 38529 A planetary system[3]
Companion
(in order from star)		 Mass Semimajor axis
(AU)		 Orbital period
(days)		 Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b >0.8047 ± 0.0139 MJ 0.1278 ± 0.0006 14.30978 ± 0.00033 0.259 ± 0.016 — —
c 16.76 ± 0.11 MJ 3.594 ± 0.018 2133.54 ± 3.31 0.3472 ± 0.0057 — —
Debris disk >86 AU — —

HD 38529 B

HD 38529 B is a common proper motion stellar companion to HD 38529 A at a projected distance of about ~12000 Astronomical units. The star is a red dwarf of spectral type M3.0V.[14] Wide binary stars such as HD 38529 AB have been shown to be vulnerable to disruption by galactic tides and perturbations by passing stars.[15]

See also

References
  1. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  3. Henry, Gregory W.; et al. (2013). "Host Star Properties and Transit Exclusion for the HD 38529 Planetary System". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (2). 155. arXiv:1303.4735. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768..155H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/2/155.
  4. Ball, Warrick H.; Chaplin, William J.; Nielsen, Martin B.; González-Cuesta, Lucia; Mathur, Savita; Santos, Ângela R G.; García, Rafael; Buzasi, Derek; Mosser, Benoît; Deal, Morgan; Stokholm, Amalie; Mosumgaard, Jakob Rørsted; Silva Aguirre, Victor; Nsamba, Benard; Campante, Tiago; Cunha, Margarida S.; Ong, Joel; Basu, Sarbani; Örtel, Sibel; Çelik Orhan, Z.; Yıldız, Mutlu; Stassun, Keivan; Kane, Stephen R.; Huber, Daniel (2020), "Robust asteroseismic properties of the bright planet host HD 38529", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 499 (4): 6084–6093, arXiv:2010.07323, Bibcode:2020MNRAS.499.6084B, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3190, S2CID 222378164
  5. "WDS J05466+0110AB". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-09-07.
  6. "HD 38529". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
  7. "HD 38529 B". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-09-09.
  8. Hillenbrand, Lynne A.; et al. (2008). "The Complete Census of 70 μm-bright Debris Disks within "the Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems" Spitzer Legacy Survey of Sun-like Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 677 (1): 630–656. arXiv:0801.0163. Bibcode:2008ApJ...677..630H. doi:10.1086/529027.
  9. Xuan, Jerry W.; Kennedy, Grant M.; Wyatt, Mark C.; Yelverton, Ben (2020), "Mutual inclinations between giant planets and their debris discs in HD 113337 and HD 38529", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 499 (4): 5059–5074, arXiv:2010.02961, Bibcode:2020MNRAS.499.5059X, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3155, S2CID 222177269
  10. Fischer, Debra A.; et al. (2001). "Planetary Companions to HD 12661, HD 92788, and HD 38529 and Variations in Keplerian Residuals of Extrasolar Planets". The Astrophysical Journal. 551 (2): 1107–1118. Bibcode:2001ApJ...551.1107F. doi:10.1086/320224.
  11. Fischer, Debra A.; et al. (2003). "A Planetary Companion to HD 40979 and Additional Planets Orbiting HD 12661 and HD 38529". The Astrophysical Journal. 586 (2): 1394–1408. Bibcode:2003ApJ...586.1394F. doi:10.1086/367889.
  12. Reffert, S.; Quirrenbach, A. (2006). "Hipparcos astrometric orbits for two brown dwarf companions: HD 38529 and HD 168443". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 449 (2): 699–702. Bibcode:2006A&A...449..699R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054611.
  13. Benedict, G. Fritz; et al. (2010). "The Mass of HD 38529c from Hubble Space Telescope Astrometry and High-precision Radial Velocities". The Astronomical Journal. 139 (5): 1844–1856. arXiv:1003.0421. Bibcode:2010AJ....139.1844B. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/139/5/1844.
  14. Raghavan, Deepak; et al. (2006). "Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems". The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): 523–542. arXiv:astro-ph/0603836. Bibcode:2006ApJ...646..523R. doi:10.1086/504823.
  15. Correa-Otto, J. A.; Gil-Hutton, R. A. (2017). "Galactic perturbations on the population of wide binary stars with exoplanets". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 608. A116. arXiv:1710.00766. Bibcode:2017A&A...608A.116C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731229.

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