HLA-A25

HLA-A25 (A25) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α25 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A25, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*25 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus.[1] This group currently is dominated by A*2501. A25 and A*25 are almost synonymous in meaning. A25 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A10. A25 is a sister serotype of A26, A34, A43, and A66.

Further information: History and naming of human leukocyte antigens
HLA-A25
(MHC Class I, A cell surface antigen)
HLA-A25
About
Proteintransmembrane receptor/ligand
Structureαβ heterodimer
SubunitsHLA-A*2501, β2-microglobulin
Older namesA10
Subtypes
Subtype
allele
Available structures
A25 *2501
{{{cNick2}}} *25{{{cAllele2}}}
{{{cNick3}}} *25{{{cAllele3}}}
{{{cNick4}}} *25{{{cAllele4}}}
Alleles link-out to IMGT/HLA database at EBI

A25 is more common in SW Asia to NW Europe. A25 is believed to have been formed by a single gene conversion between another HLA-A and the A*2601 allele.[2].

Serotype
A25 recognition of some HLA A*25 gene products[3]
A*25 A25 A10 Sample
allele%% size (N)
*25019521375

A25 reasonably good serotyping with no overt false recognition..

A25 frequencies
HLA A*2501 frequencies
Study populationFreq.
 (in %)[4]
Saudi Arabia5.7
India Jalpaiguri Toto5.1
Russia Northwest5.1
Serbia4.8
Spain Pas Valley4.3
Czech Republic4.2
Spain North Cantabrian4.2
Russia Arkhangelsk Pomors4.0
Spain North Cabuernigo3.8
Ireland South3.6
Romanian3.5
USA Caucasians (3)3.4
Croatia3.0
Bulgaria2.7
Spain Basque Arratia Vall…2.7
Sweden Uppsala County2.5
Scotland Orkney2.5
German Essen2.4
Wales2.1
Argentina Buenos Aires2.0
Ireland Northern2.0
Morocco2.0
Spain Eastern Andalusia2.0
Australia New South Wales1.9
Georgia Svaneti Svans1.9
Italy1.9
Macedonia1.9
Sweden Stockholm1.9
England Liverpool1.9
Azores Central Islands1.8
Turkey1.8
England Lancaster1.8
England Sheffield1.6
Israeli Jews1.5
Spain Basque Gipuzkoa Pro…1.5
Italy South Campania1.2
New Caledonia1.2
Uganda Kampala1.2
Australia West1.1
Finland1.1
Portugal Centre (2)1.1
Spain Catalonia Girona1.1
Belgium1.0
France Corsica1.0
Mongolia Oold1.0
Russia Murmansk Saomi1.0
Russia Sakhalin Island Ni…0.9
France South East0.8
USA South Texas Hispanics0.8
Morocco 'Berber' Nador Me…0.7
USA South Dakota Lakota S…0.7
Greece0.6
USA Arizona Pima0.6
Algeria10.5
China Qinghai Hui0.5
Allele frequencies presented, only

A*2501 distribution is primarily located in Western Eurasia. Frequency tends to be highest in the populations that underwent later neolithization suggesting A*2501 spread in Europe. The high frequency in Saudi Arabia is suggestive of a source.

References
  1. Arce-Gomez B, Jones EA, Barnstable CJ, Solomon E, Bodmer WF (February 1978). "The genetic control of HLA-A and B antigens in somatic cell hybrids: requirement for beta2 microglobulin". Tissue Antigens. 11 (2): 96–112. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1978.tb01233.x. PMID 77067.
  2. Madrigal JA, Hildebrand WH, Belich MP, et al. (1993). "Structural diversity in the HLA-A10 family of alleles: correlations with serology". Tissue Antigens. 41 (2): 72–80. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1993.tb01982.x. PMID 8475492.
  3. Allele Query Form IMGT/HLA - European Bioinformatics Institute
  4. Middleton, D.; Menchaca, L.; Rood, H.; Komerofsky, R. (2003). "New allele frequency database: http://www.allelefrequencies.net". Tissue Antigens. 61 (5): 403–407. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2003.00062.x. PMID 12753660.
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