Haplogroup Q (mtDNA)

In human mitochondrial genetics, haplogroup Q is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup typical for Oceania. It is a subgroup of haplogroup M29'Q.

This article is about the human mtDNA haplogroup. For the human Y-DNA haplogroup, see Haplogroup Q-M242.
Haplogroup Q
Possible time of origin~50,000 bp
Possible place of originPossibly Oceania
AncestorM29'Q
DescendantsQ1'2, Q3
Defining mutations4117 5843 8790 12940 16129 16241[1]

Origin

Haplogroup Q is a descendant of haplogroup M.

Distribution

Today, mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Q is found in the southern Pacific region, especially in New Guinea, Melanesia[2] and indigenous Australians.[3] Haplogroup Q is very diverse and frequently occurring among Papuan and Melanesian populations, with an inferred coalescence time of approximately 50,000 years before present. The frequency of this haplogroup among the populations of the islands of Wallacea in eastern Indonesia is quite high, indicating some genetic affinity between the populations of these islands and the indigenous peoples of New Guinea. Haplogroup Q has also been found at low frequency to moderate frequencies, among modern populations of Malaysians, Indonesians, Filipino, Borneans, Sundaland, Micronesia, and Polynesia.

Subclades

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup Q subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[1] and subsequent published research.

  • Q
    • Q1'2
      • Q1
        • Q1a
        • Q1b
        • Q1c
      • Q2
        • Q2a
        • Q2b
    • Q3
      • Q3a
        • Q3a1
      • Q3b

See also

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

  Mitochondrial Eve (L)    
L0 L1–6  
L1 L2   L3     L4 L5 L6
M N  
CZ D E G Q   O A S R   I W X Y
C Z B F R0   pre-JT   P   U
HV JT K
H V J T

References
  1. van Oven, Mannis; Manfred Kayser (13 Oct 2008). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–E394. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. S2CID 27566749. Archived from the original on 4 December 2012. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
  2. mtDNA Haplogroup Testing Archived 2006-12-14 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Hudjashov, Georgi et al 2007, Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis.
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