Harrachov
Harrachov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦaraxof]; German: Harrachsdorf) is a town in Semily District, Liberec Region, in the northern Czech Republic, close to the border with Poland. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.
Harrachov | |
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Town | |
 Panoramic view | |
 Coat of arms | |
  Harrachov Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°46′23″N 15°25′44″E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Liberec |
| District | Semily |
| Founded | 17th century |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Jaroslav Čech (ANO) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 36.63 km2 (14.14 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 665 m (2,182 ft) |
| Population (2020-01-01[1]) | |
| • Total | 1,396 |
| • Density | 38/km2 (99/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 512 46 |
| Website | www |
Geography
It is situated on the Mumlava River, a left tributary of the Jizera within the Krkonoše mountain range of the Sudetes, whose crest forms the Czech-Polish border near the Elbe river's source.
Located about 700 metres (2,300 ft) above sea level, Harrachov is one of the most popular Czech ski resorts including the internationally used Čerťák ski jumping hill (including flying hill); several winter sport events take place in Harrachov regularly. The whole region is of increasing importance for alpine tourism in Central Europe.
The European route E65 from Prague goes through the town and crosses the border to Szklarska Poręba in Poland near the village of Jakuszyce. Koleje Dolnośląskie D21 line runs from Szklarska Poręba Górna to Liberec via the town.
History
The first written reference dates back to the 17th century, when German settlers founded a village Dörfl there. In 1712 one Elias Müller from neighbouring Seifenbach (Rýžoviště) received the privilege from the local landowner Count Aloys Thomas Raimund Harrach of establishing a glassworks here, after which the adjacent settlement was renamed Harrachsdorf.
Since the end of the 19th century, Harrachsdorf has been known for its glass production, textile industry, and mining. At the beginning of the 20th century, industrial production was bolstered by the construction of a cog railway line between Bohemian Tannwald (Tanvald) via the Izera railway down to Silesian Hirschberg (present-day Jelenia Góra). The fact that the nearest stop at the Strickerhäuser hamlet was beyond the border of Austria-Hungary with the German Empire was not a major obstacle at that time.
After World War II, the Silesian lands in the north fell to the Republic of Poland according to the Potsdam Agreement and the border was closed. The German population was expelled and its property seized according to the Beneš decrees. In 1947 there were 1,553 people living in Harrachov.[2] Trains from Tanvald had to terminate in Kořenov, trains from Jelenia Góra were terminated in Jakuszyce (former Jakobsthal), on the northern side of the Novosvětský pass. Instead of opening the border, the Communist governments of Czechoslovakia and Poland arranged a territorial exchange. In 1959, Czechoslovakia acquired the area around former Strickerhäuser (Polish: Tkacze, present-day Mýtiny), which allowed it to extend the cog railway Tanvald-Kořenov to the outskirts of Harrachov, while the northern continuation decayed. Poland was compensated by land to the north at Mrtvý vrch.
Harrachov, joined by the originally independent villages Nový Svět (Neuwelt) and Rýžoviště, became a town in 1973. Cross border rail traffic was resumed in 2010.
See also
References
- "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2020". Czech Statistical Office. 2020-04-30.
- Columbia-Lippincott Gazetteer p. 760
- "Základní kontaktní údaje" (in Czech). Město Harrachov. Retrieved 2019-08-25.
External links
- Official website
- Map railway
- Official Tourists portal of Harrachov town
Media related to Harrachov at Wikimedia Commons
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