Herringbone (horse)

Herringbone (1940 – September 1961) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare, best known for winning two Classics in 1943. The filly won four times from ten races in a track career which lasted from spring 1942 until September 1943. As a two-year-old in 1942 she won twice from five starts but was not among the best of her generation. After being beaten on her three-year-old debut she won the 1000 Guineas over one mile at and finished fourth in the Oaks over one and a half miles a month later. In September she beat a field which included the Derby winner Straight Deal to win the St Leger Stakes over one and three quarter miles. All three of the races took place at Newmarket's July Course. After her second classic win she was retired to stud, where she became a successful broodmare.

Herringbone
SireKing Salmon
GrandsireSalmon-Trout
DamSchiaparelli
DamsireSchiavoni
SexMare
Foaled1940
CountryUnited Kingdom
ColourBay
BreederEdward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby
OwnerEdward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby
TrainerWalter Earl
Record10: 4–1–2
Major wins
New 1000 Guineas (1943)
New St Leger Stakes (1943)

Background

Herringbone was a bay mare bred by her owner Edward Stanley, 17th Earl of Derby, the seven-time British flat racing Champion Owner.[1] She was sired by King Salmon, a descendant of the Byerley Turk, who finished second in the 1933 Epsom Derby and went on to win the Eclipse Stakes and the Coronation Cup.[2] After a brief stud career in Britain, he was exported to stand as a stallion in Brazil. Herringbone's dam Schiaparelli won seven races and was a successful broodmare, producing seven other winners including Swallow Tail, who finished third in the 1949 Derby and won the King Edward VII Stakes. Her other descendants included Sassafras, Assert and Last Tycoon.[3] Lord Derby sent the filly to his private trainer Walter Earl at his Stanley House stable in Newmarket, Suffolk.

Herringbone's racing career took place during World War II during which horse racing in Britain was subject to many restrictions. Several major racecourses, including Epsom and Doncaster, were closed for the duration of the conflict, either for safety reasons, or because they were being used by the military. Many important races were rescheduled to new dates and venues, often at short notice, and all five of the Classics were usually run at Newmarket.[4]

Racing career

1942: two-year-old season

Racing as a two-year-old in 1942, Herringbone ran five times and won two races. She finished unplaced behind Lady Sybil in the Lidgate Stakes at Ascot in July and ran third to Open Warfare and Moonstone in the six furlong Balsham Stakes at Newmarket. Her earnings for the season totaled £576.

In the Free Handicap, a ranking of the season's best juveniles, Herringbone was assigned a weight of 116 pounds, seventeen pounds behind the top-rated Lady Sybil. Nasrullah was the top-rated colt on 132, three pounds ahead of the filly Ribbon, who had beaten him in the Middle Park Stakes.[5]

1943: three-year-old season

Herringbone began her three-year-old season in the seven furlong Upwell Stakes, a now discontinued race which served as a trial for the 1000 Guineas. She finished third to Ribbon in the first of their five meetings over the course of the season. On her next appearance she started at odds of 15/2 in a field of twelve fillies for the "New" 1000 Guineas, run on Newmarket's July course rather than its traditional home on the adjoining Rowley Mile. The race was run on 26 May, much later than its customary date in late April or early May.[6] Ridden by Harry Wragg, Herringbone won by a neck from Ribbon, the 5/4 favourite, with Cincture third.[5]

On 18 June, Herringbone returned to the July course for the "New" Oaks. She failed to reproduce her best form and finished fourth of the thirteen runners behind Why Hurry, a filly who had finished fifth in the Guineas. Ribbon finished second by a neck after being left at the start.[4] In the Whepstead Stakes, a trial race for the St Leger, Herringbone finished second to the Derby runner-up Umiddad, with Ribbon fourth. The race however, was unsatisfactory, with a very slow early pace resulting in a bunched sprint finish.[7]

In September, Herringbone contested the "New" St Leger over one mile, six and a half furlongs on the July course. Her opponents included Ribbon and Why Hurry, as well as Nasrullah and the "New" Derby winner Straight Deal, who started favourite. The race was rough and controversial, with a good deal of barging in the closing stages. Straight Deal took the lead inside the final furlong but was challenged and overtaken by Ribbon who looked sure to win until Harry Wragg produced Herringbone with a strong run in the last few yards.[7] Herringbone and Ribbon crossed the line together, less than a length in front of the Derby winner. With no photo-finish in operation, the result was decided solely by the racecourse judge, Major Petch, and although most observers believed that Ribbon had won,[4] the race was awarded to Herringbone by a head.[8]

Assessment and honours

In their book, A Century of Champions, based on the Timeform rating system, John Randall and Tony Morris rated Herringbone a "superior" winner of the 1000 Guineas and the twenty-first best filly trained in Britain or Ireland in the 20th century.[6]

Stud record

Herringbone retired from racing to become a broodmare at her owner's stud. She produced eight winners including Dogger Bank (Princess of Wales's Stakes) and Entente Cordiale (Doncaster Cup) as well as Hylander who was a leading racehorse and sire in Venezuela.[9] Her daughter Dilettante produced Idle Hour who won several races in Britain before becoming champion sire in Argentina in 1972.[10] Another of Herringbone's daughters was Pin Stripe, the female ancestor of the St Leger winner Moon Madness and the Coronation Cup winner Sheriff's Star. Herringbone was euthanised in September 1961.[11]

Pedigree
Pedigree of Herringbone (GB), bay mare, 1940[12]
Sire
King Salmon (GB)
1930		 Salmon-Trout
1921		 The Tetrarch Roi Herode
Vahren
Salamandra St. Frusquin
Electra
Malva
1919		 Charles O'Malley Desmond
Goody Two-Shoes
Wild Arum Robert le Diable
Marliacea
Dam
Schiaparelli (GB)
1935		 Schiavoni
1922		 Swynford John o' Gaunt
Canterbury Pilgrim
Serenissima Minoru
Gondolette
Aileen
1918		 Nimbus Elf
Nephte
Yveline Gardefeu
Photime (Family No. 8-c)[3]

References
  1. "17th Earl of Derby". Horseracing History Online. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  2. "ENGLISH CLASSICS". Evening Post. 5 June 1943. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  3. "Woodbine - Family 8-c". Bloodlines.net. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  4. Mortimer, Roger; Onslow, Richard; Willett, Peter (1999). Biographical Encyclopedia of British Flat Racing. Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-354-08536-0.
  5. "ENGLISH CLASSIC". Evening Post. 1 June 1943. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  6. Morris, Tony; Randall, John (1999). A Century of Champions. Portway Press. ISBN 1-901570-15-0.
  7. John Saville (2009). Insane and Unseemly: British Racing in World War Two. Matador. ISBN 978-1-84876-034-9. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  8. "ENGLISH ST. LEGER". Evening Post. 20 September 1943. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  9. http://www.tbheritage.com/TurfHallmarks/racecharts/Ven/SimonBolivar.html
  10. "Leading Sires of Argentina". Tbheritage.com. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
  11. Weatherby (1965). "Herringbone". General Stud Book. 35: 384.
  12. "Herringbone pedigree". equineline.com. 2012-05-08. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
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