Hosur

Hosur is an industrial city located in the northwestern part of the district of Krishnagiri in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the bank of the river River Ponnaiyar, 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Bengaluru and 306 kilometres (190 mi) west of Chennai, the state capital. Hosur is a satellite city and it is the home to major manufacturing industries including Ashok Leyland, Titan, TVS Motors, Caterpillar, Sundaram Fasteners, Schaffler, and many others.[2] Statesman C. Rajagopalachari hailed from a small village near Hosur, who eventually rose to the highest position in the nation as the first Governor General of independent India, leader of the Congress Party, and as the erstwhile Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. The city is nicknamed "The Little England of India".[3]

Hosur
City
Hosur
Skyline view of Hosur
Nickname(s): 
Little England, Rose City, Flower City, Industrial City, Chill city
Hosur
Location in Tamil Nadu
Hosur
Hosur (India)
Coordinates: 12.735°N 77.829°E / 12.735; 77.829
Country India
StateTamil Nadu
DistrictKrishnagiri
Government
 • TypeMayor–Council
 • BodyHosur Municipal corporation
 • MayorVacant-Not assigned
 • Corporation CommissionerMr.Senthil Murugan
 • Commissioner of PoliceVacant-Not assigned IPS
Elevation
880 m (2,890 ft)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total495,000
Languages
 • OfficialTamil
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
635109, 635110,635126,635130
Telephone code04344[1] fre
ISO 3166 code04344
Vehicle registrationTN 70
Sex ratio1000:963 ♂/♀

History

In the 10th century, Hosur was known as Chevidapadi, and in the 13th century, Hosur was known as Murasunadu, from 16th century onwards, it is been called as Hosur. The Chandrachoodeshwara Swamy Temple, an 11th-century temple, has inscriptions that tell about the contributions made by Rajendra Chola. Hoysalas ruled Hosur around 1200 CE after the decline of the Chola Empire and contributed to the temple. Then it came under Vijayanagara Samrajyam. Later, Hosur was part of Mysore Province until 1799. When Tipu Sultan lost the third Anglo-Mysore war, he handed over the southern part of the Mysore kingdom as a partial settlement to the English government.

Administration

Hosur was constituted as a Selection Grade Town Panchayat in 1962. It was upgraded to Second Grade Municipality in the year 1992. In 1998, it was upgraded to Selection Grade Municipality vide G.O.(MAWS) No.85 dated 22 May 1998. In 2011, Vide GO. No. 127 dated 8 September 2011 town panchayat of Mathigiri and village panchayats of Zuzuvadi, Mookandapalli, Avalapalli and Chennathur were included in Hosur Municipality. On 13 February 2019, Hosur was upgraded as the 13th corporation city of Tamil Nadu comprising the adjoining areas.[4]

Climate
Aerial view of Hosur

Hosur experiences a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification) with distinct wet and dry seasons. Due to its high elevation, Hosur usually enjoys salubrious and moderate climate throughout the year, with occasional heat waves. The coolest month is January with an average low temperature of 17.1 °C and the hottest month is May with an average high temperature of 33.6 °C . Winter temperatures rarely drop below 12 °C with the lowest ever recorded temperature of 7.1 °C recorded on 1 February 2018[5] and summer temperatures seldom exceed 35 °C. Hosur receives rainfall from both the northeast and the southwest monsoons and the wettest months are October, September, and August, in that order. The summer heat is moderated by fairly frequent thunderstorms but no flooding. Average humidity is 31% and average rainfall is 84 cm.

Climate data for Hosur
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 26.9
(80.4)		 29.4
(84.9)		 33.0
(91.4)		 33.3
(91.9)		 33.2
(91.8)		 29.3
(84.7)		 28.2
(82.8)		 28.4
(83.1)		 28.8
(83.8)		 28.1
(82.6)		 27.4
(81.3)		 26.4
(79.5)		 29.4
(84.9)
Average low °C (°F) 14.8
(58.6)		 16.2
(61.2)		 18.6
(65.5)		 21.1
(70.0)		 21.3
(70.3)		 20.3
(68.5)		 19.6
(67.3)		 19.7
(67.5)		 19.4
(66.9)		 19.1
(66.4)		 17.2
(63.0)		 15.5
(59.9)		 18.6
(65.4)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 7
(0.3)		 8
(0.3)		 3
(0.1)		 62
(2.4)		 94
(3.7)		 63
(2.5)		 78
(3.1)		 101
(4.0)		 134
(5.3)		 179
(7.0)		 65
(2.6)		 15
(0.6)		 809
(31.9)
Source: en.climate-data.org,[6]

Demographics
Religious census
Religion Percent(%)
Hindu
 
 83.66%
Muslim
 
 11.37%
Christian
 
 4.5%
Sikh
 
 0.05%
Buddhist
 
 0.02%
Jain
 
 0.11%
Other
 
 0.27%
No religion
 
 0.02%

According to 2011 census, Hosur had a population of 116,821 with a sex-ratio of 968 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929.[7] A total of 14,307 were under the age of six, constituting 7,274 males and 7,033 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 8.08% and 0.17% of the population, respectively. The average literacy of the city was 76.69%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[7] The city had a total of 29,255 households. There were a total of 43,959 workers, comprising 212 cultivators, 308 main agricultural labourers, 747 in household industries, 38,463 other workers, 4,229 marginal workers, 57 marginal cultivators, 62 marginal agricultural laborers, 189 marginal workers in household industries and 3,921 other marginal workers.

As per the religious census of 2011, Hosur had 83.66% Hindus, 11.37% Muslims, 4.5% Christians, 0.05% Sikhs, 0.02% Buddhists, 0.11% Jains, 0.27% following other religions and 0.02% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference.[8]

Tamil is the official and spoken language. There are a significant number of Kannada and Telugu speakers in the town.[9]

Economy

Hosur is an industrial hub and houses several automobile and manufacturing industries. Major companies include TVS Motors, Ashok Leyland, Titan, Sundaram Clayton, Harita Seatings, Harita Fehrer, General Electric, Asian Tobacco Limited (ATC), GEE VEE-FAB, PSA-AVTEC Powertrain, Kansai Nerolac Paints, Mylan, GRB Foods, Kamaz Vectra Motors, Alstom, Faiveley Transport, Caterpillar Inc., Carborundum Universal, Exide Industries Ltd, Hindustan Motors, Ion Exchange (India) Limited, Hindustan Unilever, Schaeffler, TTK Prestige, Tab India Granites Pvt Ltd, Bata Shoes, Del Monte Foods, Nippon Electricals, Wendt, Duroflex, Toyota Boshoku, Nilkamal Plastics and Reckitt Benckiser. There are plans for the development of an Information Technology Special Economic Zone near Hosur.[10] ELCOT has called for applications for the allotment of land in the IT Park of Hosur in the month of June 2010. Proximity to Bangalore is seen as an advantage. Many startup IT companies prefer Hosur for their initial operations. In December 2019, Electric vehicle manufacturer Ather Energy signed an MoU with Government of Tamil Nadu to set up a 400,000 sq ft (37,000 m2) manufacturing plant.[11]

A variety of fruits and vegetables are cultivated around Hosur. The land is very fertile and there is significant access to fresh water as well as labor. Crops consist of tomatoes, cabbages, onions, mangoes, capsicum, carrot, cucumber, beans, coriander leaves, turnips and radish. Roses are also grown in large numbers.[12] District Livestock Farm[13] was started in 1824. Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre (CSGRC)[14] was established in 1991 to protect and conserve mulberry and silkworm germ plasm resources. In July 2019, the government announced the construction of an international flower auction centre with quality control laboratory, cold storage facility, administrative building and an electronic auction hall at a cost of ₹ 202 million. It will deal with flowers cultivated on 3,702 hectares in the district, which are also exported to Australia, Singapore, and Malaysia.[15]

Education

Schools

Hosur has established schools to serve its diverse population.

  • Advaith International Academy
  • Asian Christian High School
  • Diamond Stone International School
  • Government Girls Higher Secondary School, Bagalur Road
  • RVGBHS School
  • RVGGHS School
  • Green valley matriculation school
  • Gurukulam Global Residential School
  • Hosur Public School
  • Litera Valley Zee School
  • Maharishi Vidya Mandir
  • Oakridge International School
  • Parimalam Matric Higher Secondary School
  • Seventh Day Adventist
  • Siddharth Village Public School
  • Sishya School
  • Sri Chaitanya School
  • Sri Gurukulam Secondary School
  • Sri Vijay Vidyalaya
  • Sri Vijay Vidyashram
  • St. Joseph Matric Higher Secondary and Primary School
  • Swathy Group of Schools
  • The Ashok Leyland School
  • The Titan school
  • TVS Academy

Colleges

  • Govt Arts and Science college
  • Adhiyamaan college of engineering
  • Adhiyamaan college of polytechnic
  • Adhiyamaan college of education
  • MGR Art and science college
  • St Peter's medical college hospital and research institute
  • Perumal manimekalai polytechnic and engineering college
  • St Joseph's Arts and science college for women
  • St Joseph's ITI and polytechnic college
  • Government ITI
  • Adhiyamaan Teacher training institute

Transport

Road

National Highway AH43 (NH 44) passes through Hosur connecting it with Bangalore, Chennai, Salem, Madurai and Kanyakumari. This stretch of the highway passing through the city is the Chennai–Mumbai arm of the Golden Quadrilateral highway. NH 648 and NH 844 also connect with Hosur to other cities. Hosur has a central bus station which was re-constructed and named after Father of Hosur, veteran politician K. Appavu Pillai and inaugurated by M. K. Stalin on 18 July 2010.[16][17] TNSTC (Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation) Salem Division buses connect Hosur to major cities and towns in Tamil Nadu and also to neighboring states. Several private bus services, KSRTC (Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation), APSRTC (Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation), PRTC (Pondicherry Road Transport Corporation) also operate from the city.

Rail
Hosur Railway Station

Hosur has a railway station, located on the Bengaluru–Salem railway line and falls under the Bengaluru Division of the South Western Railway. Hosur is well connected to major cities across the country by rail. There are frequent passenger trains between Hosur and Bengaluru. It has three rail tracks, two for passenger trains, intercity, express trains, and the another for freight. Soon there will be a line between Hosur-Jolarpettai and it will become a junction.

Air

Hosur Aerodrome was established in 1994. It has a 7012 feet long and 150 feet wide runway. The present aerodrome located at Bellagondapalli is maintained by TAAL. The nearest major airport is the Bengaluru International Airport, about 80 km from Hosur. The domestic airport will start its operations soon under the UDAN scheme.

Places of interest
  • Rajaji Memorial at Thorapalli where Rajaji was born
  • Sri Chandrachoodeshwara Temple[18]
  • Ecological Park & Walkers Lane at Ramanaicken Lake
  • Kelavarapalli Reservoir Project is one of the prime attractions at Hosur. Kelavarapalli Reservoir Project or Kelavarapalli Dam is 10 km away from Hosur and 8 km from Karnataka, across the River Ponniar, which originates from the eastern slopes of Chennakesava Hills.
  • Dakshina Thirupathi Temple at the entrance of Sanamavu forest alongside Bengaluru Highway
  • Shree Parshwa Susheel Dham Swetamber Jain Temple - famous Jain temple, 19 km away from Hosur.

Images
  • Landscape photo of Hosur, India at dusk
  • New bus station
  • Municipality office
  • Front view of Mr Brett's house
  • Rear view of Mr Brett's house
  • Fort of Hosur (1792) with breached wall
  • South-east area of Hosur with Union Flag
  • View of Chandra Choodeswarar Temple from Rayakottai Road
  • View of Hosur from Chandra Choodeswarar Temple
  • View of Ecological Park Entrance Arch at Ramanakayan Lake
  • View of Hosur Temple Car
  • Advaith International Academy

James Hunter served as a lieutenant in the Royal Artillery. He was a military painter, and his sketches portrayed aspects of military and everyday life. Some of his paintings of Hosur are below[19]

  • North West View of Osar by James Hunter (d.1792) (coloured in 1804)
  • South East View of Osar by James Hunter (d.1792) (coloured in 1804)
  • The fort of Hosur, 1792, from the south-west with breached wall and Union flag flying by James Hunter (d.1792)

References
  1. "STD Codes (Tamil Nadu)". Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
  2. "List of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
  3. Warrier, Anjali. "Hosur: 'The Little England' Of India". Culture Trip. Retrieved 27 November 2019.
  4. "Hosur, Nagercoil municipalities set to become municipal corporations". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  5. http://www.thenewsminute.com/article/winter-still-here-tn-telangana-record-lowest-temperatures-season-february-1-75802%3famp
  6. "Climate:Hosur". Retrieved 4 January 2014.
  7. "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  8. "Population By Religious Community - Tamil Nadu" (XLS). Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
  9. "WELCOME TO CENSUS OF INDIA : Census India Library". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
  10. "Plans for IT-SEZ in Hosur". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 9 June 2009.
  11. "Ather Energy to set up electric vehicle manufacturing facility at Hosur in TN - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  12. "TANFLORA - Tidco". tidco.com.
  13. "District Livestock Farm".
  14. "CSGRC".
  15. "Hosur to get international flower auction centre". The Hindu. Chennai: Kasturi & Sons. 19 July 2019. p. 4. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  16. "New bus stand in Hosur to be named after Appavu Pillai". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 10 July 2010.
  17. "Stalin to commission new bus stand in Hosur today". The Hindu. Chennai, India. 17 July 2010.
  18. "Chandira Choodeswarar Temple, Hosur". Tripadvisor. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  19. Ebinesan, J (2006). "James Hunter's Bangalore". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.