Isaiah 24

Isaiah 24
	← chapter 23 chapter 25 →
	The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
Book	Book of Isaiah
Hebrew Bible part	Nevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part	5
Category	Latter Prophets
Christian Bible part	Old Testament
Order in the Christian part	23

Isaiah 24 is the twenty-fourth chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 24-27 of Isaiah constitute one unit of prophecy sometimes called the "Isaiah Apocalypse". This chapter contains the prophecy on the destruction of Judah for its defilements and transgressions (Isaiah 24:1–12), while a remnant will praise God (Isaiah 24:13–15), and God, by his judgments on his people and their enemies, will advance his kingdom (Isaiah 24:16–23).

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 23 verses.

Textual witnesses

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[1]

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):[2]

1QIsa^a: complete
1QIsa^b: extant: verses 18‑23
4QIsa^b (4Q56): extant: verses 2
4QIsa^c (4Q57): extant: verses 1‑15, 19‑23
4QIsa^f (4Q60): extant: verses 1‑3

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; ${\mathfrak {G}}$ ^Q; 6th century).[3]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.[4] Isaiah 24 is a part of the Prophecies about Judah and Israel (Isaiah 24–35). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

{P} 24:1-15 {S} 24:16-20 {S} 24:21-23 {P}

Verse 1

Behold, the Lord maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste,

and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof.[5]

"Empty" (Hebrew: בוקק bō-qêq; also written בקק): in the sense of "poured out from a vessel". The Arabic parallel has an onomatopoetic sound of water flowing, emptied out from a bottle or "gurgling noise" from that action.[6][7]
"Waste" (Hebrew: בולק bō-lêq; also written בלק; Assyrian: balâ‡u): "laid waste" or "devastated". The Arabic parallel means "a desert"; also a form of onomatopoeia, to "void" or "drain away" a bottle of its content; similar to the word that means "empty".[8][9]

References

Würthwein 1995, pp. 35-37.
Ulrich 2010, p. 495-496.
Würthwein 1995, pp. 73-74.
As reflected in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
Isaiah 24:1: KJV
Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon. Hendrickson Publishers; Reprint edition (1994). ISBN 978-1565632066. בקק
Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. בקק
Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon. Hendrickson Publishers; Reprint edition (1994). ISBN 978-1565632066. בלק
Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. בלק

Bibliography

Ulrich, Eugene, ed. (2010). The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants. Brill.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

External links

Jewish

Isaiah 24 Masoretic Text (Hebrew) with Parallel English

Christian

Isaiah 24 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate

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[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535-37-1] Würthwein 1995, pp. 35-37.

[FOOTNOTEUlrich2010495-496-2] Ulrich 2010, p. 495-496.

[FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573-74-3] Würthwein 1995, pp. 73-74.

[4] As reflected in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.

[5] Isaiah 24:1: KJV

[6] Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon. Hendrickson Publishers; Reprint edition (1994). ISBN 978-1565632066. בקק

[7] Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. בקק

[8] Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon. Hendrickson Publishers; Reprint edition (1994). ISBN 978-1565632066. בלק

[9] Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. בלק