Ključ, Una-Sana Canton

Ključ (Serbian Cyrillic: Кључ, pronounced [kʎûːtʃ]) is a town and municipality located in the Una-Sana Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The name of the town and the municipality translates to "Key" in English.

Ključ

Кључ
Town and municipality
Panoramic view
Seal
Etymology: Ključ is the Bosnian word for "key"
Location of Ključ within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Ključ
Location of Ključ within Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Coordinates: 44°32′N 16°46′E
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
EntityFederation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
CantonUna-Sana Canton
Government
 • Municipality presidentNedžad Zukanović (SDP BiH)
Area
 • Total358 km2 (138 sq mi)
Population
 (2013 census)
 • Total18,714
 • Density52/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Area code(s)+3873766XXXX
Websitehttp://www.opcina-kljuc.ba

Geography

It is located a short distance south from Sanski Most. The Sana River runs through the municipality. The terrain is heavily forested.

History

Human settlements have existed in the area long before the Roman Era. The town itself is first mentioned in 1322 in the documents of ban Stjepan II Kotromanić. It was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1463 as the last Royal Bosnian fortress.

From 1929 to 1941, Ključ was part of the Vrbas Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Kljuc was first mentioned in 1322. In 1463, during the Ottoman invasion of Bosnia, the last Bosnian king Stjepan Tomašević, took refuge in the city. His surrender and execution marked the downfall of the medieval Bosnian state.

The Charter from 1323 states that Vukoslav is the son of duke Hrvatin, and from this we conclude that the main stronghold of the lords of the Donji Kraji was in the town of Ključ, the center of the parish Banica. Evliya Çelebi mentions Ključ and says that he is located in Donji Kraji and on the Sana river.[1]

As an area with a slight Serb majority, at the start of the war in Bosnia (1992-1995), the Ključ area was held by Bosnian Serb forces. In the summer of 1995, the Bosnian governmental forces took control over it. Most of the pre-war Serb population fled after the Dayton Peace Agreement, the town belongs to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Today, it is estimated that about 97% of the population of Ključ are Bosniaks.

Settlements

In 1991, the municipality of Ključ contained 61 settlements:

As a result of the war, the villages of Busije, Crkveno, Čađavica, Donja Previja, Donja Slatina, Donji Ribnik, Donji Vrbljani, Dragoraj, Gornja Previja, Gornja Slatina, Gornje Sokolovo, Gornji Ribnik, Gornji Vrbljani, Rastoka, Sitnica, Sredice, Stražice, Treskavac, Velijašnica, Velije et Zableće, as well as parts of Donje Ratkovo, Donje Sokolovo, Dubočani, Gornje Ratkovo, Jarice, Ljubine et Velečevo became a part of Ribnik municipality, Republika Srpska.

Today the municipality of Ključ has 40 settlements:

Demographics

Population
Population of settlements – Ključ municipality
Settlement 1971. 1981. 1991. 2013.
Total 39,966 40,008 37,391 16,744
1 Biljani Donji 1,552 1,171
2 Crljeni 553 307
3 Donji Vojići 314 233
4 Dubočani 306 226
5 Gornji Ramići 647 382
6 Hadžići 1,553 1,129
7 Hasići 431 234
8 Hripavci 712 531
9 Humići 1,005 742
10 Kamičak 1,005 902
11 Ključ 3,426 4,948 7,869 5,409
12 Krasulje 1,821 1,731
13 Sanica 2,241 1,337
14 Sanica Donja 716 627
15 Velagići 676 465
16 Velečevo 525 409
17 Zgon 690 635

Ethnic composition
Ethnic composition – Ključ town
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 5,409 (100,0%) 7,869 (100,0%) 4,948 (100,0%) 3,426 (100,0%)
Serbs 4,107 (52,19%) 2,097 (42,38%) 1,387 (40,48%)
Bosniaks 3,036 (38,58%) 1,629 (32,92%) 1,709 (49,88%)
Yugoslavs 419 (5,325%) 980 (19,81%) 69 (2,014%)
Croats 181 (2,300%) 169 (3,416%) 214 (6,246%)
Others 126 (1,601%) 15 (0,303%) 21 (0,613%)
Montenegrins 30 (0,606%) 14 (0,409%)
Albanians 22 (0,445%) 7 (0,204%)
Slovenes 3 (0,061%) 4 (0,117%)
Hungarians 2 (0,040%)
Macedonians 1 (0,020%) 1 (0,029%)
Ethnic composition – Ključ municipality
2013. 1991. 1981. 1971.
Total 16,744 (100,0%) 37,391 (100,0%) 40,008 (100,0%) 39,966 (100,0%)
Bosniaks 16,130 (96,33%) 17,696 (47,33%) 16,596 (41,48%) 15,226 (38,10%)
Others 311 (1,857%) 280 (0,749%) 167 (0,417%) 123 (0,308%)
Serbs 273 (1,630%) 18,506 (49,49%) 20,771 (51,92%) 23,892 (59,78%)
Croats 30 (0,179%) 330 (0,883%) 380 (0,950%) 534 (1,336%)
Yugoslavs 579 (1,549%) 2,016 (5,039%) 131 (0,328%)
Montenegrins 40 (0,100%) 29 (0,073%)
Albanians 26 (0,065%) 18 (0,045%)
Slovenes 6 (0,015%) 5 (0,013%)
Macedonians 4 (0,010%) 6 (0,015%)
Hungarians 2 (0,005%) 2 (0,005%)

Economy

The area is connected to other parts of Bosnia by the M-5 highway. Forestry, light industry and tourism are major components of the economy.

References
  1. SEMINAR WORK, UNIVERSITY IN SARAJEVO, 2009, Opći pregled karaktera arhitekture grada Ključa/ sjeverozapadni dio BiH https://www.academia.edu/9271658/Op%C4%87i_pregled_karaktera_arhitekture_grada_Klju%C4%8Da_sjeverozapadni_dio_BiH #page=7,10


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