Lưu Kế Tông

Lưu Kế Tông or Lưu Kỳ Tông (?–989) (chữ Hán: 劉繼宗; Chinese: Liu Ji-zong), was the king of Champa from 986 to 989 and the last monarch of Champa's Sixth dynasty.

Lưu Kế Tông
Raja-di-raja
King of Champa
Reign986–989
Coronation986
PredecessorJaya Indravarman IV
SuccessorJaya Harivarman II
Born?
Quảng Bình
Died989
Indrapura, Champa
Full name
Lưu Kỳ Tông / Lưu Kế Tông (劉繼宗)
Father?
Mother?
ReligionMahayana Buddhism

After the Vietnamese invasion in 982 led by Lê Hoàn that devastated the northern region of Champa, the new Cham king Indravarman IV took refuge in southern part of the country. Took advantage of the unrest, Lưu Kế Tông, an ethnically-Vietnamese military officer from Quảng Bình, northern-tip of Champa had seized power in Indrapura.[1][2] In 983 he successful resisted Lê Hoàn's attempt to depose him.[3] In 986, Indravarman IV died and Lưu Kế Tông proclaimed himself King of Champa. He immediately sent a embassy led by a Muslim named Lý Triêu Tiên to Song China to sought Chinese recognition.[4][5]

Following the usurpation of Lưu Kế Tông, many Chams and Muslims fled to Song China, especially Hainan and Guangzhou to seek refugee.[1] In the same year, some hundreds people from Champa led by Pu Bo E arrived Hainan. In the next two years, nearly 500 refugees from Champa arrived Canton headed by Li Ning Bian and Hu Xuan (Husayn), "demanded the protection of China".[6]

In 988 the Chams united round a claimant of their own, whom they enthroned at Vijaya. Lưu Kế Tông died in the following year, and the new Cham king crowned as Jaya Harivarman II and he founded the Seventh dynasty of Champa.[7] The Chams soon renewed their raid against the kingdom of Đại Việt in 995 and 997.[3]

References
  1. Coedès 1968, p. 125.
  2. Wade 2011, p. 144.
  3. Coedès 2015, p. 82.
  4. Hall 1981, p. 203.
  5. History of Song, vol. 489
  6. Chaffee 2018, p. 60.
  7. Hall 1981, p. 204.

Bibliography
  • Coedès, George (2015), The Making of South East Asia (RLE Modern East and South East Asia), Taylor & Francis, ISBN 9781317450955
  • Chaffee, John W. (2018), The Muslim Merchants of Premodern China: The History of a Maritime Asian Trade Diaspora, 750-1400, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1108640091
  • Wade, Geoff (2011), "The "Account of Champa" in the Song Huiyao Jigao", in Lockhart, Bruce; Trần, Kỳ Phương (eds.), The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 138–167, ISBN 978-9-971-69459-3
  • Hall, Daniel George Edward (1981), History of South East Asia, Macmillan Education, Limited, ISBN 978-1-349-16521-6
  • Coedès, George (1968), Vella, Walter F. (ed.), The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, University of Hawaii Press., ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1
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