Lhokseumawe

Lhokseumawe (Indonesian: Kota Lhokseumawe, Acehnese: Lhôk Seumaw‘è, Jawi: لهوکسيوماوي‎), is the second largest city in Aceh Special District, in the north of Sumatra, Indonesia. The city covers an area of 181.06 square kilometres, and had a population of 171,163 at the 2010 Census;[4] the latest official estimate (as at 2018) is 203,284.[5] Being between Banda Aceh and the large southern city of Medan, the town is a key regional centre important for the economy of Aceh.

Lhokseumawe

Lhôk Seumaw‘è
City
Other transcription(s)
 • Jawiلهوکسيوماوي
Seal
Motto(s): 
Kota Petro Dollar($)
Location within Aceh
Lhokseumawe
Location in Aceh, Northern Sumatra, Sumatra and Indonesia
Lhokseumawe
Lhokseumawe (Northern Sumatra)
Lhokseumawe
Lhokseumawe (Sumatra)
Lhokseumawe
Lhokseumawe (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 5°11′17″N 97°8′25″E
CountryIndonesia
RegionSumatra
ProvinceAceh
City Founded21 June 2001
Government
 • MayorSuaidi Yahya
 • ViceYusuf Muhammad
 • SecretaryBukhari A. KS
Area
 • Total181.06 km2 (69.91 sq mi)
Elevation
2−24 m (−77 ft)
Population
 (2018)[1]
 • Total203,284
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi)
Demographics
 • LanguagesIndonesian (official)
Acehnese
City Growth
 • HDI77.23 [2]
 • GDPRp. 10.598.205.71 (Million Rupiah) [3]
Time zoneUTC+7 (IWST)
Postcode
24351
Area code(+62) 645
Websitelhokseumawekota.go.id
For Official Government Website see below of this page

History

The name of Lhokseumawe came from the words "Lhok" and "Seumawe". "Lhok" means deep, bay, ocean trenches and Lhokseumawe means the swirling water in the sea along the offshore of Banda Sakti and its surroundings. The city was formerly part of North Aceh Regency. The area is linked to the emergence of the kingdom Samudera Pasai around the 13th century, which later came under the sovereignty of Sultanate of Aceh in 1511.

Pre Colonial Era
Map of Aceh Sultanate during the reign of Sultan Iskandar Muda

The Sultanate of Aceh was established by Sultan Ali Mughayatsyah in 1511. Later, during its golden era, in the 17th century, its territory and political influence expanded as far as Satun in southern Thailand, Johor in Malay Peninsula, and Siak in what is today the province of Riau. As was the case with most non-Javan pre-colonial states, Acehnese power expanded outward by sea rather than inland. As it expanded down the Sumatran coast, its main competitors were Johor and Portuguese Malacca on the other side of the Straits of Malacca. It was this seaborne trade focus that saw Aceh rely on rice imports from north Java rather than develop self sufficiency in rice production.[6] After the Portuguese occupation of Malacca in 1511, many Islamic traders passing the Malacca Straits shifted their trade to Banda Aceh and increased the Acehnese rulers' wealth. During the reign of Sultan Iskandar Muda in the 17th century, Aceh's influence extended to most of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula. Aceh allied itself with the Ottoman Empire and the Dutch East India Company in their struggle against the Portuguese and the Johor Sultanate. Acehnese military power waned gradually thereafter, and Aceh ceded its territory of Pariaman in Sumatra to the Dutch in the 18th century.[7]

Colonial Era
Street scene in Lhoksuemawe in the Dutch colonial period

Before the 20th century, the country was ruled by uleebalang Kutablang. in year 1903 after resistance fighters against Dutch colonists weakened Aceh, Aceh began to master.

Lhokseumawe be conquered areas and from then on the status of Lhokseumawe be Bestuur Van Lhokseumawe with Zelf Bestuurder is Teuku Abdul Lhokseumawe subordinate Controeleur aspirants and also domiciled in Lhokseumawe and assistant resident district officer or Regent.

In the second decade of the 20th century, among the entire mainland of Aceh, a small island about 11 km² widely separated by Krueng Cunda River. filled buildings General Government, Military, and Transportation Railway by the Dutch government. Small islands with villages of Keude Aceh, Kampung Jawa, Kuta blang, Mon Geudong, Teumpok Teungoh, Hagu Kampung, Uteuen bayi and Ujong Blang are entirely new 5,500 plural in Lhokseumawe call. Building by building fills this land until the city has realized embryos harbor, market, railway station and the offices of government agencies.

Independence era

Since the Declaration of Independence, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia has not established systemic to this district. At first Lhokseumawe combined with Bestuurder Van Cunda. The mainland population is increasingly crowded, coming from surrounding areas such as Buloh Blang Ara, Matangkuli, Blang Jruen, Lhoksukon, Nisam, cunda and Pidie.

In 1956 the Emergency Law No. 7 of 1956, the autonomous regions formed districts within the region of North Sumatra province, where one of them is the North Aceh district with its capital Lhokseumawe.

Then In 1964 the Decree of the Governor of Aceh Special Region Number 34/GA/1964 dated 30 November 1964, it was determined that Kemukiman Banda Sakti in Muara Dua, the District used its own under the name of the District Banda Sakti.

Based on the Act No. 5 of 1974 on the Principles of Regional Administration, Lhokseumawe be likely to improve the status of the City of, on August 14, 1986 with the Regional Regulation No. 32 of 1986 Establishment of the City of Lhokseumawe signed by President of Indonesia Suharto, which was inaugurated by the Minister of Roestam Soeparjo country on August 31, 1987. Given that it is de jure and de facto Lhokseumawe has become the City of the area of 253.87 km² which includes 101 villages and 6 urban villages in five districts, namely: District of Banda Sakti, Muara Dua, Dewantara, Muara Batu, and Blang Mangat.

Since 1988 the idea of improving the status of municipality began Kotif Lhokseumawe be pursued so that he went on to Law No. 2 of 2001 on the establishment of Lhokseumawe dated June 21, 2001 signed by the President of Indonesia Abdurrahman Wahid, whose territory includes three districts, namely the districts of Banda Sakti, Muara Dua and Blang Mangat. In year 2006 the district of Muara Dua was split into two - Muara Dua and Muara Satu - so Lhokseumawe now has four districts.

Geography

Lhokseumawe City is located between 4˚ - 5˚ North Latitude and 96˚ - 97˚ East Longitude with an average altitude of 13 meters above sea level. Lhokseumawe set the status of a city based on Law Number 2 of 2001, dated June 21, 2001 Lhokseumawe City is divided into 4 districts, 9 residents, 68 villages, and 259 sub-villages with the boundaries of the area, which make Lhokseumawe a semi-enclave within North Aceh Regency:

Direction Location
North Selat Malaka
South Kecamatan Kuta Makmur, Kabupaten Aceh Utara
West Kecamatan Dewantara, Kabupaten Aceh Utara
East Kecamatan Syamtalira Bayu, Kabupaten Aceh Utara

Climate

Lhokseumawe has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with moderate to heavy rainfall year-round.

Climate data for Lhokseumawe
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30.5
(86.9)		 31.6
(88.9)		 32.4
(90.3)		 32.6
(90.7)		 31.9
(89.4)		 32.0
(89.6)		 31.5
(88.7)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.0
(87.8)		 30.4
(86.7)		 30.3
(86.5)		 31.4
(88.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.6
(79.9)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.7
(81.9)		 28.1
(82.6)		 27.7
(81.9)		 27.8
(82.0)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.4
(81.3)		 27.1
(80.8)		 27.2
(81.0)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.7
(80.1)		 27.3
(81.1)
Average low °C (°F) 22.8
(73.0)		 22.8
(73.0)		 23.0
(73.4)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.6
(74.5)		 23.0
(73.4)		 23.2
(73.8)		 23.2
(73.8)		 23.5
(74.3)		 23.2
(73.8)		 23.1
(73.6)		 23.2
(73.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 164
(6.5)		 64
(2.5)		 75
(3.0)		 95
(3.7)		 123
(4.8)		 87
(3.4)		 87
(3.4)		 102
(4.0)		 128
(5.0)		 183
(7.2)		 189
(7.4)		 234
(9.2)		 1,531
(60.1)
Source: Climate-Data.org[8]

Administrative divisions

Lhokseumawe City is an urban expansion of Aceh Utara Regency and is located on the east coast of Sumatra. Being between Banda Aceh and Medan, Lhokseumawe City holds a strategic position as a distribution channel for trading traffic in Aceh Special region.

When formed in 2001, the city was divided administratively into three districts (kecamatan); since then, the creation in 2004 of Muara Satu District (formerly part of Muara Dua District) has increased the number to four:

Kecamatan Area
(km²)		 Population
at 2010
Census[9]		 Population
at 2014
Estimate [10]		 No. of
Villages
Banda Sakti 11.24 79,336 80,769 18
Blang Mangat 56.12 22,850 23,768 22
Muara Dua 57.80 46,646 48,699 17
Muara Satu 55.90 32,975 34,229 11

Source : Lhokseumawe Dalam Angka 2013 / Lhokseumawe In Figures 2013[11]

Judging by the number of village officials, Blang Mangat District is the biggest district, consisting of 22 villages, 78 sub villages, and 259 village officials.

Health

Health facilities are available in Lhokseumawe :

Health Facilities Total Unit
Puskesmas 6 Unit
Puskesmas pembantu 12 Unit
Puskesmas keliling 5 Unit
Polindes 32 Unit
Doctors Practice 85 Unit
Dentist Practice 9 Unit
Drug store 77 Unit

The number of available health workers is:

Health Workers Total Unit
Doctor 60 People
Dentist 5 People
Medical Servant 399 People
Nurse 194 People
Midwife 151 People
Pharmacy personnel 9 People
Nutritionist 4 People
Sanitation expert 7 People
  • note : Not include private companies, Only Government Facilities and worker

Source : Lhokseumawe Dalam Angka 2013 / Lhokseumawe In Figures 2013[11]

Religious

Religious facilities are available in Lhokseumawe :

Religious facilities Total Unit
Mosque 118 Unit
Mushala 76 Unit
Church 1 Unit
Monastery 1 Unit

Source : Lhokseumawe Dalam Angka 2013 / Lhokseumawe In Figures 2013[11]

Tourism

Some attractions are rated strongly support the ability of future Tourism Sector is:

Transportation

Airport

Seaport
  • Sea : Kruengeukeuh Seaport

Road and highway
  • Land: Terpadu Terminal

Public transport

One of the unique features of Lhokseumawe city are the motorized rickshaws known as Becak Motor or Becak Mesin. The becaks are found almost everywhere. The fare to ride a becak is relatively cheap and is usually negotiated beforehand before you go.

There are also more public transport like minibuses, known as Labi Labi or Angkutan Kota (Angkot). The Labi Labi can be found easily in medium-to-high congested roads, and The fare to ride Labi Labi is very cheap.

Media

Radio

The city of Lhokseumawe has several radio stations:

Name Frequency Signal Station
RRI Pro-1,89,3-MHzFM
CITIS FM94.4-MHz
RRI Pro-3,95,2-MHz
Radio SaPa FM96.0-MHz
RRI Pro-2,101.9-MHz
Bujang Salim FM101,5-MHz
Vina Vira FM- 101,1-MHz
Istiqomah Arun FM- 102,7-MHz
Adyemaja FM- 103,5-MHz
Radio Rimba Pase FM- 106.6-MHz
Radio Gisa FM- 107,7-MHz

TV channel

Lhoksumawe City also has 18 Media TV channel (17 National dan 1 local):

TV channel Frequency Network Status
National (17 Channel)
TVRI Nasional 30 UHF TVRI National
RCTI 24 UHF MNC
SCTV 34 UHF Emtek
MNCTV 28 UHF MNC
ANTV 22 UHF Viva
Indosiar 46 UHF Emtek
MetroTV 52 UHF Media
Trans TV 56 UHF Trans
Global TV 28 UHF MNC
Trans7 38 UHF Trans
tvOne 48 UHF Viva
iNews TV 50 UHF MNC
RTV 32 UHF Grup Rajawali
Kompas TV 40 UHF KG
NET. 58 UHF Indika
BeritaSatu 60 UHF BeritaSatu Media Holdings
INTV 62 UHF Netwave Group
Local(1 Channel)
Puja TV. 30 UHF Puja Group Local

References
  1. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  2. "Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2013 / Human Development Index 2013". Bappeda Kota Lhokseumawe. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  3. "Produk Domestik Regional Bruto 2013 / Gross Domestic Product 2013". Bappeda Kota Lhokseumawe. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  4. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  5. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2020.
  6. Ricklefs (1991), page 17
    • D. G. E. Hall, A History of South-east Asia. London: Macmillan, 1955.
  8. "Climate: Lhokseumawe". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  9. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  10. Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2016.
  11. "Lhokseumawe Dalam Angka 2013 / Lhokseumawe in Figures 2013". Bappeda Kota Lhokseumawe. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2013.

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