List of Perissodactyla taxa

The Order Perissodactyla is a taxonomic order commonly known as Odd-toed ungulate. In addition to Equidae, Perissodactyla includes four species of tapir in a single genus, as well as five living species (belonging to four genera) of rhinoceros. A list of members of this order follows.

† indicates extinct taxa.

• Order Perissodactyla
  • Family Equidae
    • Genus †Haringtonhippus[1]
    • Genus †Epihippus
    • Genus †Haplohippus
    • Genus †Heptaconodon
    • Genus †Eohippus
    • Genus †Minippus
    • Genus †Orohippus
    • Genus †Pliolophus
    • Genus †Protorohippus
    • Genus †Sifrhippus
    • Genus †Xenicohippus
    • Genus †Eurohippus
    • Genus †Propalaeotherium
    • Subfamily †Anchitheriinae
      • Genus †Anchitherium
      • Genus †Archaeohippus
      • Genus †Desmatippus
      • Genus †Hypohippus
      • Genus †Kalobatippus
      • Genus †Megahippus
      • Genus †Mesohippus
      • Genus †Miohippus
      • Genus †Parahippus
      • Genus †Sinohippus
    • Subfamily Equinae
      • Genus †Merychippus
      • Genus †Scaphohippus
      • Genus †Acritohippus
      • Tribe †Hipparionini
        • Genus †Eurygnathohippus
        • Genus †Hipparion
        • Genus †Hippotherium
        • Genus †Nannippus
        • Genus †Neohipparion
        • Genus †Proboscidipparion
        • Genus †Pseudhipparion
      • Tribe Equini
        • Subtribe Protohippina
          • Genus †Calippus
          • Genus †Protohippus
        • Genus †Astrohippus
        • Genus †Dinohippus
        • Genus Equus (22 species, 7 extant)
          • Equus ferus Wild horse
            • Equus ferus caballus Domestic horse
            • †Equus ferus ferus Tarpan
            • Equus ferus przewalskii Przewalski's horse
          • †Equus algericus[2]
          • †Equus alaskae
          • †Equus lambei Yukon wild horse
          • †Equus niobrarensis
          • †Equus scotti
          • †Equus conversidens Mexican horse
          • †Equus semiplicatus
        • Subgenus †Amerhippus (this subgenus and its species are possibly synonymous with E. ferus)[3]
          • †Equus andium
          • †Equus neogeus
          • †Equus insulatus
        • Subgenus Asinus
          • Equus africanus African wild ass
            • Equus africanus africanus Nubian wild ass
            • Equus africanus asinus Domestic donkey
            • †Equus africanus atlanticus Atlas wild ass
            • Equus africanus somalicus Somali wild ass
          • Equus hemionus Onager or Asiatic wild ass
            • Equus hemionus hemionus Mongolian wild ass
            • †Equus hemionus hemippus Syrian wild ass
            • Equus hemionus khur Indian wild ass
            • Equus hemionus kulan Turkmenian kulan
            • Equus hemionus onager Persian onager
          • Equus kiang Kiang
            • Equus kiang chu Northern kiang
            • Equus kiang kiang Western kiang
            • Equus kiang holdereri Eastern kiang
            • Equus kiang polyodon Southern kiang
          • †Equus hydruntinus European ass
          • †Equus altidens
          • †Equus tabeti
          • †Equus melkiensis
          • †Equus graziosii
        • Subgenus Hippotigris[lower-alpha 1]
          • Equus grevyi Grévy's zebra
          • †Equus koobiforensis
          • †Equus oldowayensis
          • Equus quagga Plains zebra
            • Equus quagga boehmi Grant's zebra
            • Equus quagga borensis Maneless zebra
            • Equus quagga burchellii Burchell's zebra
            • Equus quagga chapmani Chapman's zebra
            • Equus quagga crawshayi Crawshay's zebra
            • †Equus quagga quagga Quagga
            • Equus quagga selousi Selous' zebra
          • Equus zebra Mountain zebra
            • Equus zebra hartmannae Hartmann's mountain zebra
            • Equus zebra zebra Cape mountain zebra
          • †Equus capensis
          • †Equus mauritanicus
        • Subgenus †Parastylidequus
          • †Equus parastylidens Mooser's horse
        • †Subgenus Sussemionus[6]
          • †Equus ovodovi[7]
        • incertae sedis
          • †Equus simplicidens Hagerman horse
          • †Equus cumminsii
          • †Equus livenzovensis
          • †Equus sanmeniensis
          • †Equus teilhardi
          • †Equus numidicus
          • †Equus plicidens
          • †Equus cedralensis
          • †Equus stenonis group
            • †Equus stenonis Stenon zebra
              • †Equus stenonis guthi
              • †Equus stenonis senezensis
              • †Equus stenonis pamirensis (Hippotigris pamirensis)
              • †Equus stenonis petraloniensis
              • †Equus stenonis vireti
            • †Equus sivalensis
            • †Equus stehlini
            • †Equus sussenbornensis
            • †Equus verae
            • †Equus namadicus
          • †subgenus Allozebra
            • †Equus (A.) occidentalis western horse
      • †Equus (A.) excelsus
        • • †subgenus Hesperohippus
            • †Equus (H.) pacificus
            • †Equus (H.) mexicanus
          • †Equus complicatus
          • †Equus fraternus[8]
          • †Equus major
          • †Equus giganteus
          • †Equus pectinatus
          • †Equus crenidens
        • Genus †Hippidion
        • Genus †Onohippidium
        • Genus †Pliohippus
        • Genus †Heteropliohippus
        • Genus †Parapliohippus

Notes

1. Although the plains and mountain zebras have been placed in Hippotigris and Grévy's zebra in Dolichohippus, Vilstrup et al. (2013) finds that the plains zebra and Grévy's zebra are more closely related.[4] Groves and Bell (2004) place all three species in the subgenus Hippotigris.[5]

References

1. Hay, Oliver P. (1915), "Contributions to the Knowledge of the Mammals of the Pleistocene of North America" (PDF), Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 48 (2086): 535–549, doi:10.5479/si.00963801.48-2086.515
2. Aouraghe, Hassan; et al. (1999). "Les équidés du Pléstocène supérior de la grotte Zouhrah à El Harhoura, Maroc". Quaternaire (in French). 10: 283–292. doi:10.3406/quate.1999.1649.
3. Orlando, L.; et al. (2008). "Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 66 (5): 533–538. Bibcode:2008JMolE..66..533O. doi:10.1007/s00239-008-9100-x. PMID 18398561. S2CID 19069554.
4. Vilstrup, Julia T.; et al. (2013). "Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e55950. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...855950V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055950. PMC 3577844. PMID 23437078.
5. Groves, C. P.; Bell, C. H. (2004). "New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris". Mammalian Biology. 69 (3): 182–196. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00133.
6. Eisenmann, Vera (March 2010). "Sussemionus, a new subgenus of Equus (Perissodactyla, Mammalia)". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 333 (3): 235–240. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.12.013. PMID 20338542.
7. Eisenmann, Vera; Vasilijiev, Sergej (September 2011). "Unexpected finding of a new Equus species (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) belonging to a supposedly extinct subgenus in late Pleistocene deposits of Khakassia (Southwestern Siberia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 519–530. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a5. S2CID 128625427.
8. "Fossilworks: Equus fraternus". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2016-04-23.