List of critically endangered invertebrates

As of July 2016, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists 987 critically endangered invertebrate species, including 206 which are tagged as possibly extinct.[1][2] 5.5% of all evaluated invertebrate species are listed as critically endangered. The IUCN also lists 14 invertebrate subspecies as critically endangered.

987 critically endangered invertebrate species (5.6%)1163 endangered invertebrate species (6.6%)2178 vulnerable invertebrate species (12%)1105 near threatened invertebrate species (6.3%)6919 least concern invertebrate species (39%)5278 data deficient invertebrate species (30%)

Invertebrate species (IUCN, 2020.1)
  • 17,646 extant species have been evaluated
  • 12,368 of those are fully assessed[lower-alpha 1]
  • 8024 are not threatened at present[lower-alpha 2]
  • 4328 to 9606 are threatened[lower-alpha 3]
  • 410 to 616 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 395 extinct (EX) species[lower-alpha 4]
    • 15 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 206 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Critically Endangered (CR) species face an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

No subpopulations of invertebrates have been evaluated by the IUCN.

Additionally 5278 invertebrate species (29% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient information for a full assessment of conservation status. As these species typically have small distributions and/or populations, they are intrinsically likely to be threatened, according to the IUCN.[3] While the category of data deficient indicates that no assessment of extinction risk has been made for the taxa, the IUCN notes that it may be appropriate to give them "the same degree of attention as threatened taxa, at least until their status can be assessed."[4]

This is a complete list of critically endangered invertebrate species and subspecies as evaluated by the IUCN. Species considered possibly extinct by the IUCN are marked as such.

Nemertea species
  • Prosadenoporus agricola (possibly extinct)

Annelids

Onychophora

Molluscs

581 critically endangered mollusc species (8.4%)507 endangered mollusc species (7.3%)879 vulnerable mollusc species (13%)535 near threatened mollusc species (7.7%)2437 least concern mollusc species (35%)1988 data deficient mollusc species (29%)

Mollusc species (IUCN, 2020.1)
  • 6941 extant species have been evaluated
  • 4953 of those are fully assessed[lower-alpha 1]
  • 2972 are not threatened at present[lower-alpha 2]
  • 1967 to 3955 are threatened[lower-alpha 3]
  • 324 to 441 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 311 extinct (EX) species[lower-alpha 4]
    • 13 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 117 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Main article: List of critically endangered molluscs

There are 581 mollusc species and 11 mollusc subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Gastropods

There are 511 gastropod species and six gastropod subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Stylommatophora

Stylommatophora includes the majority of land snails and slugs. There are 233 species and five subspecies in the order Stylommatophora assessed as critically endangered.

Amastrids
Partulids
Achatinellids
Endodontids

Species

Subspecies

Charopids
Helicarionids
Orthalicids
Rhytidids
Streptaxids
Lauriids
Helicids
Hygromiids
Enids
Other Stylommatophora species

Littorinimorpha

There are 181 species in the order Littorinimorpha assessed as critically endangered.

Hydrobiids
Cochliopids
  • Heleobia dobrogica
  • Heleobia tritonum
  • Brune's tryonia (Tryonia brunei) (possibly extinct)
Bithyniids
  • Bithynia kastorias
  • Gabbia alticola
  • Gabbiella candida
  • Gabbiella depressa
  • Gabbiella matadina (possibly extinct)
  • Gabbiella neothaumaeformis
  • Gabbiella parva
  • Incertihydrobia teesdalei
  • Jubaia aethiopica
  • Pseudobithynia euboeensis
  • Pseudobithynia falniowskii
  • Pseudobithynia kathrinae
  • Pseudobithynia panetolis
  • Sierraia outambensis
  • Soapitia dageti (possibly extinct)
Moitessieriids
Assimineids
  • Kubaryia pilikia (possibly extinct)
  • Omphalotropis ingens (possibly extinct)
  • Pseudogibbula cara (possibly extinct)
  • Pseudogibbula duponti
  • Septariellina congolensis
  • Valvatorbis mauritii (possibly extinct)
Pomatiopsids

Sorbeoconcha
  • Pleurocera ampla (Elimia ampla)
  • Lily Shoals elimia (Elimia annettae)
  • Princess elimia (Elimia bellacrenata)
  • Mossy elimia (Elimia troostiana) (possibly extinct)
  • Leptoxis melanoides
  • Plicate rocksnail (Leptoxis plicata)
  • Melanoides agglutinans (possibly extinct)
  • Melanopsis ammonis
  • Melanopsis brevicula
  • Melanopsis chlorotica
  • Melanopsis germaini (possibly extinct)
  • Melanopsis infracincta (possibly extinct)
  • Melanopsis khabourensis (possibly extinct)
  • Melanopsis pachya (possibly extinct)
  • Melanopsis parreyssii
  • Melanopsis penchinati
  • Melanopsis saharica
  • Corpulent hornsnail (Pleurocera corpulenta)
  • Potadoma kadeii
  • Potadoma wansoni
  • Pseudocleopatra dartevellei
  • Tylomelania kruimeli

Architaenioglossa

There are 48 species in the order Architaenioglossa assessed as critically endangered.

Cyclophorids
Diplommatinids
Viviparids
Other Architaenioglossa species

Cycloneritimorpha

Hygrophila

Species

Subspecies

  • Bulinus tropicus torensis

Neogastropoda

Other gastropod species

Bivalvia

There are 69 species and five subspecies in the class Bivalvia assessed as critically endangered.

Unionida

There are 66 species and five subspecies in the order Unionoida assessed as critically endangered.

Margaritiferids

Species

Subspecies

Etheriids
  • Acostaea rivolii
Unionids

Species

Subspecies

  • Curtis' naiad (Epioblasma florentina curtisi)
  • Brown-blossom naiad (Epioblasma florentina walkeri)
  • White catspaw (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua)
  • Northern riffleshell (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana)
Hyriids

Venerida
  • Dreissena caspia (possibly extinct)
  • Eupera crassa
  • Pisidium ethiopicum

Cephalopods

Cnidaria

Arthropods

393 critically endangered arthropod species (4.1%)626 endangered arthropod species (6.6%)1081 vulnerable arthropod species (11%)398 near threatened arthropod species (4.2%)4080 least concern arthropod species (43%)2890 data deficient arthropod species (31%)

Arthropod species (IUCN, 2016-2)
  • 9470 extant species have been evaluated
  • 6580 of those are fully assessed[lower-alpha 1]
  • 4478 are not threatened at present[lower-alpha 2]
  • 2100 to 4990 are threatened[lower-alpha 3]
  • 83 to 169 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 81 extinct (EX) species[lower-alpha 4]
    • 2 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 86 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Main article: List of critically endangered arthropods

There are 394 arthropod species and three arthropod subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Centipedes
  • Ityphilus melanostigmus
  • Mecistocephalus cyclops (possibly extinct)
  • Mecistocephalus sechellarum (possibly extinct)

Seed shrimps

Arachnids

There are 47 arachnid species assessed as critically endangered.

Harvestmen
  • Seychelles blind harvestman (Benoitinus elegans)
  • Biantes parvulus (possibly extinct)
  • Holozoster ovalis (possibly extinct)
  • Ibalonius lomani (possibly extinct)
  • Mitraceras crassipalpum (possibly extinct)
  • Sitalcicus incertus (possibly extinct)

Spiders

Other arachnid species
  • Afrogarypus seychellesensis (possibly extinct)
  • Silhouette giant mite (Dicrogonatus niger)
  • Seychelles forest scorpion (Lychas braueri)
  • Mahezomus apicoporus
  • Saaristo's giant mite (Michaelothyrus seychellensis)

Branchiopoda

Millipedes

Entognatha
  • Ceratophysella sp. nov. 'HC' (possibly extinct)
  • Delamarephorura tami (possibly extinct)

Maxillopoda

Includes barnacles, copepods and a number of related animals.

Malacostracans

Malacostraca includes crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, woodlice, and many others. There are 125 malacostracan species and one malacostracan subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Mysida

Mictaceans

Isopods

Amphipods

Decapods

There are 106 decapod species and one decapod subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Parastacids
Gecarcinucids
Atyids
Cambarids

Species

Subspecies

  • Procambarus rogersi expletus
Palaemonids
  • Cryphiops brasiliensis
  • Cryphiops luscus (possibly extinct)
  • Leptopalaemon glabrus
  • Macrobrachium denticulatum (possibly extinct)
  • Macrobrachium oxyphilus (possibly extinct)
  • Macrobrachium purpureamanus (possibly extinct)
  • Macrobrachium scorteccii (possibly extinct)
  • Florida cave shrimp (Palaemonetes cummingi) (possibly extinct)
  • Palaemonetes lindsayi
  • Palaemonetes mesopotamicus
  • Palaemonetes mexicanus
Other decapod species

Insects

195 critically endangered insect species (3.3%)343 endangered insect species (5.7%)608 vulnerable insect species (10%)301 near threatened insect species (5.0%)2843 least concern insect species (47%)1702 data deficient insect species (28%)

Insect species (IUCN, 2016.1)
  • 5993 extant species have been evaluated
  • 4291 of those are fully assessed[lower-alpha 1]
  • 3144 are not threatened at present[lower-alpha 2]
  • 1146 to 2848 are threatened[lower-alpha 3]
  • 59 to 105 are extinct or extinct in the wild:
    • 58 extinct (EX) species[lower-alpha 4]
    • 1 extinct in the wild (EW)
    • 46 possibly extinct [CR(PE)]
    • 0 possibly extinct in the wild [CR(PEW)]
  1. excludes data deficient evaluations.
  2. NT, LR/cd, LC.
  3. Threatened comprises CR, EN and VU. Upper estimate additionally includes DD.
  4. Chart omits extinct (EX) species
Main article: List of critically endangered insects

There are 195 insect species and two insect subspecies assessed as critically endangered.

Blattodea
  • Balta crassivenosa (possibly extinct)
  • Desroches cockroach (Delosia ornata)
  • Holocompsa pusilla (possibly extinct)
  • Hololeptoblatta pandanicola
  • Sliferia similis (possibly extinct)
  • Theganopteryx grisea (possibly extinct)
  • Theganopteryx liturata (possibly extinct)
  • Theganopteryx scotti (possibly extinct)

Orthoptera

There are 72 species in the order Orthoptera assessed as critically endangered.

Euschmidtiids
  • Morogoro monkey grasshopper (Chromomastax movogovodia) (possibly extinct)
  • Mlingano monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia bidens) (possibly extinct)
  • Burtt's monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia burtti) (possibly extinct)
  • Dirsh's monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia dirshi) (possibly extinct)
  • Phipps' monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia phippsi) (possibly extinct)
  • Usambara monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia uvarovi)
  • Dar-es-salaam monkey grasshopper (Euschmidtia viridifasciata) (possibly extinct)
Crickets
  • Gryllapterus tomentosus
  • Metioche payendeei
  • Metioche superbus
  • Mahé boulder cricket (Phalangacris alluaudi)
  • Seychellesia nitidula
Acridids
  • Zanzibar giant forest grasshopper (Allaga ambigua) (possibly extinct)
  • Usambara splendid grasshopper (Anischnansis burtti) (possibly extinct)
  • Uluguru forest grasshopper (Burttia sylvatica)
  • Adana grasshopper (Chorthippus antecessor)
  • Bozdagh grasshopper (Chorthippus bozdaghi)
  • Ilgaz mountain grasshopper (Chorthippus ilkazi)
  • Epirus dancing grasshopper (Chorthippus lacustris)
  • Uluguru Mountain Grasshopper (Cyphocerastis uluguruensis)
  • Maspalomas bow-legged grasshopper (Dericorys minutus) (possibly extinct)
  • Kilosa noble grasshopper (Eupropacris abbreviata) (possibly extinct)
  • Gastrimargus immaculatus
  • Myrmeleotettix ethicus
  • Triandafilia mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma lagrecai)
  • Willemse's mountain grasshopper (Oropodisma willemsei)
  • East Usambara speckled grasshopper (Physocrobylus tessa)
  • Schayera baiulus
Tettigoniids
Other Orthoptera species
  • Morogoro pretty grasshopper (Acanthothericles bicoloripes) (possibly extinct)
  • Palma stick grasshopper (Acrostira euphorbiae)
  • Tenerife stick grasshopper (Acrostira tenerifae)
  • Arachnocephalus medvedevi
  • Castleton's flightless katydid (Austrodontura castletoni)
  • Cave katydid (Cedarbergeniana imperfecta)
  • Mpwapwa silent grasshopper (Chromousambilla burtti) (possibly extinct)
  • Seychelles crested groundhopper (Coptottigia cristata)
  • Duplessis' agile katydid (Griffiniana duplessisae)
  • Crau plain grasshopper (Prionotropis rhodanica)
  • Seychelles shortwinged groundhopper (Procytettix fusiformis) (possibly extinct)
  • Marais' lace-winged katydid (Pseudosaga maraisi)
  • Pyrgacris descampsi
  • Pyrgacris relictus
  • Torreya pygmy grasshopper (Tettigidea empedonepia)
  • San Torini cave-cricket (Troglophilus marinae)

Hymenoptera

Lepidoptera

Moths and butterflies

Beetles

Odonata

Includes dragonflies and damselflies.

Species

Subspecies

  • Chlorogomphus brunneus keramensis
  • Delphi cordulegaster (Cordulegaster helladica kastalia)

Other insect species

See also

References
  1. "IUCN Red List version 2016.1". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  2. "Table 9: Possibly Extinct and Possibly Extinct in the Wild Species (IUCN Red List version 2016-1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 4 July 2016.
  3. "Limitations of the Data". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  4. "2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Retrieved 11 January 2016.
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