List of first women lawyers and judges in South America

This is a list of the first women lawyer(s) and judge(s) in South America. It includes the year in which the women were admitted to practice law (in parentheses). Also included are the first women in their country to achieve a certain distinction such as obtaining a law degree.

Argentina

Margarita Argúas: First female Minister of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (1970)

• María Angélica Barreda (1909): First female lawyer in Argentina
• Maria Luisa Anastasi de Walger:[1][2][3] First female judge in Argentina (1955)
• Margarita Argúas (1925): First female appointed as the Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Argentina (1970)
• María Romilda Servini:[4][5][6] First female lawyer to work as a prosecutor in Argentina's criminal justice system (1974). She later became the first judge (and female) to return two minors appropriated during the civil-military dictatorship (1976-1983).
• Stella Maris Martínez:[7][8] First female to serve as the General Defender of the Nation of Argentina (2006)
• Elsa Kelly:[9] First female judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (2011)
• Alejandra Gils Carbó:[7][10] First female to serve as the Attorney General of Argentina (2012)
• Silvia Fernandez de Gurmendi:[11][12][13] First Argentinian female appointed as the President of the International Criminal Court (2015)

In specific circumstances

• Elena Highton de Nolasco (1966):[14] First female to join the Supreme Court of Argentina during a democratic government (2004)[15]
• Carmen María Argibay (1964): First female appointed as a Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Argentina during a democratic government (2005)

From specific ethnic groups

• Rosa Chiquichano (1999):[16][17] First female lawyer of Tehuelche (Mapuche) origin in Argentina. She was also the first Mapuche female lawyer in the Chubut Province, Argentina.
• Karina Miguel (2003):[18][19] First Gypsy female lawyer in Argentina
• Evelyn Jordana Duarte Marinelli (2020):[20] First Guaraní female lawyer in Argentina

In a particular region in Argentina

• María Florencia Budiño:[21] First female appointed as a Judge of the Criminal Cassation Court in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina (2018)
• Cristina Galván:[22] First female appointed as a District Judge in Florencio Varela [Buenos Aires Province, Argentina]
• Juana Clotilde Vaccaroni de Soria (1941):[23] First female lawyer, judge and minister in the Catamarca Province, Argentina
• Maria Severa Mohando Solimano de Farias:[24] First female lawyer and President of the Superior Court of Justice in the Corrientes Province, Argentina
• María Ángela Valente:[25] First female lawyer in the Jujuy Province, Argentina
• Viviana Figueroa (2005):[26] First indigenous female (Qulla) lawyer in Quebrada de Humahuaca [Jujuy Province, Argentina]
• Lorena Arroyo:[27] First female appointed as the Judge of Faltas in the city of Dina Huapi (2017) [Río Negro Province, Argentina]
• Sandra Ragusa:[28] First female appointed as a Judge of the Criminal Execution Court in the city of Bariloche (2019) [Río Negro Province, Argentina]
• Cristina Garros Martínez:[29] First female appointed as a Judge of the Court of Justice of Salta (2000) [Salta Province, Argentina]
• Ana María Victoria de Borges:[30] First female judge in Santiago del Estero [Santiago del Estero Province, Argentina]

Autonomous City of Buenos Aires

• Celia Tapias (1911):[31] First female lawyer in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Bolivia

Esilda Villa: First female lawyer in Bolivia (1929)

• Esilda Villa (1929):[32] First female lawyer in Bolivia
• María Josefa Saavedra:[33][34][35] First female appointed as a Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Justice of Bolivia (1972)
• Elena Lowenthal:[36] First female appointed as the Vocal (District Judges) for the Superior Court of Bolivia (2002)

From a specific ethnic group

• Amalia Laura Villca (2011):[37][38] First Ayllu female lawyer in Bolivia.
• Amalia Morales Rondo (1990):[39][40] First Cholita female (and woman in pollera) judge in Bolivia (2008)
• Cristina Mamani Aguilar:[41][42] First indigenous female (and woman in pollera) elected as a Judge of the Bolivian Judicial Power and the Council of Magistrates in Bolivia (2011)

Firsts in a particular region in Bolivia

• Elffy Albrecht Ibáñez:[43] First female lawyer in Santa de la Sierra, Bolivia [Andrés Ibáñez Province, Bolivia]

Brazil

• Augusta Saraiva (1902):[44][45] First female to obtain a law degree in Brazil
• Myrthes Gomes de Campos (1906):[46] First female lawyer in Brazil (though she practiced the profession of lawyer beginning in 1899)
• Thereza Grisólia Tang and Ana Maria da Silveira:[47][48][49][50][51][52] First female judges in Brazil (1954)
• Maria Rita Soares de Andrade:[53][54] First female appointed as a federal judge in Brazil (1967). She was also the first female lawyer in Bahia, Brazil and Sergipana, Brazil.
• Ellen Gracie Northfleet (1971):[55] First female appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Brazil (2000), as well as its President (2006)
• Lydia Dias Fernandes:[56][57] First female judge to serve as a President of a Court of Justice in Brazil (Court of Justice of Pará; 1979-1981)
• Esther Figueiredo Ferraz:[58] First female to chair the Brazilian Bar Association (Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil) (1949)
• Raquel Dodge (1986):[59] First female appointed as the Prosecutor General of Brazil (2017)
• Fides Angélica Ommati:[60] First female lawyer to preside over a section of the Brazilian Bar Association (1987) [Piauí, Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Joênia Wapixana (1997):[61][62] First indigenous (Wapishana) female lawyer in Brazil. She was also the first female lawyer to argue a case before the Supreme Court of Brazil.
• Eliana Calmon:[63] First female to serve as the Minister of the Superior Court of Justice of Brazil (1999-2013)
• Grace Mendonça:[64] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Brazil (2017)
• Rosa Weber (1971):[65][66] First female judge appointed as the President of the Supreme Electoral Court of Brazil (2018)

Of a specific ethnic group

• Vercilene Francisco Dias (2016):[67][68] First Quilombola female lawyer in Brazil
• Mary de Aguiar Silva:[69][70] First female Black judge appointed in Brazil (1962)

Central West Region

• Maísa de Castro Sousa Barbosa:[71] First female appointed as the Attorney General of the State of Goiás [Central West Region, Brazil]
• Kadiwéu Carla Mayara Alcântara Cruz (2013):[72] First indigenous female lawyer in Mato Grosso do Sul [Central West Region, Brazil]

North Region

• Terezinha Lavocat Galvão:[73] First female attorney in the Public Prosecutor's Office of the State of Acre [North Region, Brazil]
• Sulamir Palmeira Monassa de Almeida:[74] First female lawyer in Amapá [North Region, Brazil]

Northeast Region

• Maria Aida Pinheiro:[75] First female lawyer in Alagoas [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Nelma Torres Padilha:[75] First female judge in Alagoas (1976) [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Maria do Socorro Chaves (1964):[76] First female lawyer in Caruaru [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Auri Moura Costa:[77] First female judge of the Court of Justice of the State of Ceará (1968). She was also the first female to serve as President of the Regional Electoral Tribunal of Ceará (1974).
• Helena Alves de Souza:[78] First female judge in Paraíba [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Magui Lins Azevedo:[79] First female judge in the Pernambuco State (2002) [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Esperança Garcia:[80] Given the symbolic title of the first female lawyer in Piauí [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Georgia Nunes:[81] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Teresina (2017) [Northeast Region, Brazil]
• Wandecy Albanian Ferreira Veras:[82] First female lawyer in Rio Grande do Norte [Northeast Region, Brazil]

South Region

• Fernanda Kaingáng:[83] Reputed to be the first female lawyer in South Region, Brazil
• Genésia Minatto Brandão (1956):[84] First female lawyer in Criciúma [South Region, Brazil]
• Erica Ghedin Orlandin:[85][86] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Criciúma [South Region, Brazil]
• Maria de Lourdes Bello Zimath:[87] First female lawyer in Joinville, Santa Catarina [South Region, Brazil]
• Maria Berenice Dias:[88] First female judge in the Rio Grande do Sul State [South Region, Brazil]
• Sandra Krieger:[89] First female prosecutor in Blumenau, Santa Catarina State [South Region, Brazil]
• Walkyria Moreira da Silva Kaled:[90] First female lawyer in Paraná [South Region, Brazil]
• Edni de Andrade Arruda:[91] First female lawyer to join the Federal Council of the Brazilian Bar Association in Paraná [South Region, Brazil]
• Maria Therezia Butzen Deboni:[92] First female lawyer in Porto União and União da Vitória [South Region, Brazil]

Southeast Region

• Odete Sinhorini Mattar:[93] First female lawyer in Ribeirão Preto [Southeast Region, Brazil]
• Lúcia Guimarães Léa Tavares:[94] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Rio de Janeiro (c. 2009) [Southeast Region, Brazil]
• Maria José Saraiva:[95][96][97] First female to be admitted to the Faculty of Laws of São Paulo (1902) [Southeast Region, Brazil]
• Maria Immaculada Xavier da Silveira:[97][98] First female lawyer admitted to the Order in São Paulo (1932) [Southeast Region, Brazil]

From a specific ethnic group

• Ivone Ferreira Caetano:[99] First Black female appointed as a Judge (1994) and Tribunal (2014) of the Court of Justice of the State of Rio de Janeiro [Southeast Region, Brazil]

Western Region

• Shelto Lombardi de Kato:[100] First female judge in Mato Grosso (1969) [Western Region, Brazil]

Chile

• Matilde Throup (1892): First female lawyer in Chile
• Claudina Acuña Montenegro (1923):[101][102] First female judge in Chile (1925)
• Mónica Maldonado Croquevielle:[103] First female to serve as the Judicial Prosecutor of the Supreme Court of Chile (1960)
• Fannie Leibovich Guberman:[103] First female to serve as a Minister (Judge) of a Court of Appeals in Chile (1971)
• Luz Bulnes Aldunate:[104][105] First female to serve as a Judge of the Constitutional Court of Chile (1989)
• Raquel Camposano Echegaray:[103] First female chosen by machine (quina) to serve as a Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Chile (1997)
• María Antonia Morales Villagrán:[106][107] First female appointed as a Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Chile (2001)
• Marisol Peña:[108][109] First female to serve as the President of the Constitutional Court of Chile (2013)
• Vianney Sierralta Aracena (2020):[110][111][112] First deaf (female) lawyer in Chile

Colombia

• Rosa Rojas Castro (1942):[113][114][115] First female lawyer and judge (1943) in Colombia
• Berta Zapata Casas (1947):[116][117] First female magistrate of the Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia. She is also the first female lawyer to graduate from the University of Antioquia and the first female President of the Superior Court of Medellín. [Aburra Valley Region, Colombia]
• Fabiola Aguirre:[113][114][118] First female magistrate in Colombia (1952)
• Fanny González Franco (1958):[119][120] First female appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Colombia (1984)
• Belky Izquierdo (2000):[121] First indigenous female (Arhuaco) magistrate in Colombia (2014)
• Clara Inés Vargas Hernández:[122][123][124] First female judge appointed as the President of the Constitutional Court of Colombia (2003)
• María del Rosario González de Lemus:[125] First female appointed as the President of the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia (2010)
• Viviane Morales Hoyos:[126][127] First female appointed as the Attorney General of the Nation of Colombia (2011-2012)
• Ruth Marina Díaz Rueda:[127] First female justice appointed as President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia (2013). She was also the first female magistrate of the Court of San Gil, Colombia (1993).
• Aura Benilda Tegría Cristancho:[128] First U'wa female lawyer in Colombia

Firsts in a particular region in Colombia

• Esmeralda Arboleda:[129][130] First female lawyer in southwestern Colombia (c. 1950s)
• Gabriela Pelaez (Echeverri) (1944):[115][131][132] First female lawyer to graduate from the National University of Colombia [Bogotá, D.C., Colombia]

Ecuador

• Obdulia Luna (1928):[133] First female lawyer in Ecuador
• Fanny León Cordero:[134] First female judge in Ecuador (1947)
• Mariana Yépez Andrade (1971):[135][136][137][138] First female appointed as a prosecutor (c. 1975) in Ecuador. She is also the first female to serve as a Judge of the Superior Court of Justice in Quito (1975-1978).
• Mariana Yumbay:[139] First indigenous female judge in Ecuador (2012)
• Ruth Seni Pinoargote:[140][141] First female to serve as the President of a Superior Court of Justice in Ecuador [Portoviejo, Manabí Province], as well as the first female Minister (Judge) of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador
• Wendy Molina Andrade:[141] First female judge to serve as the Vice-President of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador (c. 2012)
• Marien Segura Reascos:[142] First Afro-Ecuadorian female appointed as a Minister (Judge) of the Constitutional Court of Ecuador (2018)
• María Paulina Aguirre:[143] First female judge to serve as President of the National Court of Justice of Ecuador (2018)[144]
• Beliza Coro:[145][146] First Puruhá female lawyer in Ecuador

Firsts in a particular region in Ecuador

• Carmen Bueno:[147] First female Justice of the Peace in Cuchil, Sigsig Canton (2017) [Azuay Province, Ecuador]
• Mercedes Guamán:[148] First indigenous female (Cañari) in the Cañar Province, Ecuador
• Jenny Del Rocío Ramón Cueva:[149] First female Justice of the Peace in the El Oro Province, Ecuador
• Maricela Freire:[150] First female Justice of the Peace in Vacas Galindo of the Cotacachi Canton (2016) [Imbabura Province, Ecuador]
• Angélica Alexandra Ortiz Palma:[151] First female Justice of the Peace in the Los Ríos Province, Ecuador
• Diana Leida Loor Toro:[152] First female Justice of the Peace in the Salango parish of the Puerto López Canton (2018) [Manabí Province, Ecuador]
• Isabel Robalino (1944):[153][154] First female lawyer in Quito, Ecuador [Pichincha Province, Ecuador]
• Melissa Orrala Yagual:[155] First female Justice of the Peace in the Santa Elena Province, Ecuador

Falkland Islands (GBR)

• Rosie McIlroy:[156] First woman lawyer (non-native) to enter into private law practice in the Falkland Islands. According to various sources, her legal career also included serving as Crown Solicitor (c. 1987),[157] Senior Magistrate (c. 1989),[158][159] and Chief Magistrate (c. 1989)[160][161] in the Falkland Islands.
• Melanie Louise Best Chilton:[162][163][164] First woman lawyer (non-native) to serve as Law Commissioner and an Attorney General of the Falkland Islands (2006-2007).
• Ros Cheek (United Kingdom, 1998):[164][165][166][167][168][169][170] First Falkland Islander female to become Principal Crown Counsel (2006). She later became the second female Law Commissioner in the Falkland Islands (2015).

French Guiana (FRA)

• Hélène Sirder (1978):[171] First female Guyanese lawyer in French Guiana
• Constance Rézaire-Loupec (c. 1970):[172] First female magistrate in French Guiana (1978)

Guyana

• Iris de Freitas Brazao (1929): Considered the first female lawyer in the Anglophone Caribbean, Brazao practiced law in Guyana when it was known as British Guiana
• Ena Luckhoo:[173] First Indian female lawyer in Guyana
• Désirée Bernard (1964):[174][175][176] First female judge in Guyana (upon her appointment as a Judge of the High Court of Guyana in 1980). She is also the first female appointed as a Justice of Appeal in the Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Guyana (1992), Chief Justice (1996), Chancellor of the Judiciary of Guyana and the Caribbean (2001) and Judge of the Caribbean Court of Justice (2005).

Firsts in a particular region in Guyana

• Gertel Thom:(1982):[177] First female lawyer in Essequibo [Essequibo County or "Cinderella County," Guyana]. She is also known as being the first female Attorney-General of Antigua and Barbuda and the first woman to sit in the Antigua and Barbuda Cabinet (2001).

Paraguay

• Serafina Dávalos (1907): First female lawyer in Paraguay
• Myriam Peña:[178][179][180] First female judge in Paraguay (1980)
• Alicia Beatriz Pucheta de Correa:[181][182] First female to serve as a Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Paraguay, as well as its President (2007-2008; 2016-2017)
• Sandra Quiñónez:[183] First female appointed as the Attorney General of Paraguay (2018)
• Luciana Ferreira Barboza (2018):[184] First Chamacoco (Ishir) female lawyer in Paraguay

Peru

Trinidad María Enríquez: First female to earn a law degree in Peru (1907)

• Trinidad María Enríquez (1878):[185][186][187] First Peruvian woman to earn a law degree. Enriquez was denied the ability to practice law and fought her case until her death in 1891. [Peru]
• Rosa Perez Liendo (1920):[188][189] First female lawyer in Peru
• Marcela Montenegro Cannon (1966):[190] First female appointed as a Judge of Lands of Peru (1976)
• Elcira Vásquez (1963):[191][192] First female appointed as the Supreme Vocal for the Supreme Court of Justice of Peru (1993)
• Luz del Carmen Ibáñez:[193][194][195] First Peruvian (and female) elected as a Judge of the International Criminal Court (2017)
• Delia Revoredo de Mur:[196] First female appointed as a Judge of the Constitutional Court of Peru

Firsts in a particular region in Peru

• Brígida Ramírez Garay:[197] First female elected as a Judge of the Unlettered Peace Court in Colpa Baja [Huánuco Region, Peru]
• Miguelina Aurora Acosta Cárdenas (1920):[198] First female lawyer to graduate from the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) [Lima Province, Peru]
• Rosa del Portal Verano de Castellanos:[199] First female appointed as a Judge of the Superior Court of Justice in Lima [Lima Province, Peru]
• Angelica Bockos Heredia de Grillo:[200] First female appointed as President of the Superior Court of Lima (1986) [Lima Province, Peru]

South Georgia and Sandwich Islands (GBR)

• Rosalind Catriona Cheek was appointed acting Attorney General on 28 March 2011, and on 21 November 2017 as Acting Attorney General again and also as Acting Coroner.[201]
• Alison Anne Mackenzie Inglis was appointed Registrar General on 7 February 2012.[201]
• Clare Faulds was appointed Senior Magistrate and hence also Coroner on 3 November 2014,[201] also of the Falkland Islands and British Antarctic Territory

Suriname

An unknown woman became the first female attorney in Suriname in 1933.[202][203]

• Cynthia Valstein-Montnor (c. 1956):[204] First female judge in Suriname (upon becoming a member of the High Court of Justice of Suriname in 1998)
• Joyce van Genderen-Naar (1978):[205][206] First lawyer (and female) of Surinamese origin decorated by the Belgian government as a Knight in the Leopold Order (2018), as well as to register with the Brussels Bar (Belgium; c. 1990s)
• Samantha Gadjradj:[207][208] First female lawyer to serve as the Dean of the Suriname Bar Association (2019)

Firsts in a particular region in Suriname

• Maureen Nibte:[209] First female lawyer to open a law practice in the Commewijne District, Suriname (2019)

Uruguay

• Clothilde Luisi (1911):[210] First female lawyer in Uruguay
• Sofía Álvarez Vignoli:[211] First female (a lawyer) elected as Senator in Uruguay (1942)
• Sara Fons de Genta (c. 1955):[212][213][214][215] First female appointed as the Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Justice of Uruguay during the Uruguayan Dictatorship (1981-1985)
• Jacinta Balbela (1945):[216][217] First female appointed as the Minister (Judge) of the Supreme Court of Justice of Uruguay upon the return to democracy (1985-1998)

Venezuela

• Luisa Amelia Perez Perozo:[218][219][220][221] First female lawyer in Venezuela
• Panchita Soublette Saluzzo:[222][223] First female judge in Venezuela
• Josefina Calcano de Temeltas:[224] First female appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Venezuela (c. 1979)
• Cecilia Sosa (1967):[225] First female appointed as the President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (1996-2000)
• Luisa Ortega Díaz:[226] First female appointed as the Prosecutor General (or Attorney General) of Venezuela (2007-2017)
• Indira Alfonzo Izaguirre:[227][228] First female justice appointed as the Vice President of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice in Venezuela (c. 2015)

Firsts in a particular region in Venezuela

• Carmen Alcalá de Árraga:[229] First female appointed as a Juvenile Judge (1952-1985) and Juvenile Superior Judge (1986-1988) of the Zulia State in Venezuela

KEY

• FRA = Administrative division of France
• GBR = British overseas territory of the United Kingdom

See also

• Justice ministry
• List of first women lawyers and judges by nationality
• List of first women lawyers and judges in Africa
• List of first women lawyers and judges in Asia
• List of first women lawyers and judges in Europe
• List of first women lawyers and judges in North America
• List of first women lawyers and judges in Oceania
• List of first women lawyers and judges in the United States
• List of the first women holders of political offices in South America

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