List of pear cultivars
Over 3000 cultivars of the pear are known.[1] The following is a list of the more common and important cultivars, with the year and place of origin (where documented) and an indication of whether the pears are for cooking, eating, or making perry. Those varieties marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
Table of pears
| Common name | Synonyms | Image | Origin | First developed | Comment | Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abate Fetel | Abbé Fetel |  |
France | after 1865 | a major cultivar in Italy[2] | Eating |
| Alexander Lucas | ||||||
| Ambrosia | ||||||
| Ayers | United States | an interspecific P. communis× P. pyrifolia hybrid from the University of Tennessee | ||||
| Bambinella | Malta | |||||
| Black Worcester |  | England | a cooking pear that keeps well | cooking | ||
| Blake's Pride[3] | United States | 1965[3] | derived from a cross of US 446 x US 505, made by H.J. Brooks[3] | |||
| Blanquilla | 'pera de agua' and 'blanquilla de Aranjuez', Spain | |||||
| Bon Rouge | cultivar derived from a rare, spontaneous bud mutation of the green pear cultivar William’s Bon Chretien[4] | |||||
| Bosc | _-_Beurre_Bosc.jpg.webp) | Good for eating, baking, cooking, broiling, especially poaching. | ||||
| Beurré Hardy[5] | Beurre Hardy | Boulogne-sur-Mer[6] | c. 1820-1830 | |||
| Butirra Precoce Morettini[7] | Beurré précoce Morettini | Florence, Italy | 1956 | cross between Coscia x Williams’ (Bartlett) made by Morettini | ||
| Carmen[8] | ||||||
| Cascade | ||||||
| Catillac | ||||||
| Churchland | ||||||
| Clairgeau | ||||||
| Clapp's Favourite | Dorchester, Massachusetts | c. 1860 | ||||
| Clara Frijs | thought to be from the village of Skensved[9] | c. 1858 | major cultivar in Denmark | |||
| Concorde | England | a seedling of 'Conference' × 'Doyenné du Comice | ||||
| Conference |  | Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England | 1894 | |||
| Corella | Barossa Valley in southern Australia by German settlers[10] | late 19th century[10][11] | ||||
| Coscia | Italy | very early maturing cultivar | ||||
| Claude Blanchet |  | Vienne, Isère, France by M BLANCHET[12] | 1877[12] | Random seedling[12] | ||
| D'Anjou |  | |||||
| Dessertnaja | ||||||
| Don Guindo | Spain | strong yellow, flavoured taste | ||||
| Doyenné du Comice ("Comice") | Offered as "Royal Riviera Pears" by Harry & David |  | France | eating, especially with ripened cheeses, poorly suited to cooking | ||
| Dr. Jules Guyot | ||||||
| Earlibrite | ||||||
| Elektra | ||||||
| European (Pyrus communis) |  | |||||
| Flemish Beauty | Fondante des Bois | |||||
| Fondante d'Automne | France | c. 1825 | An old Flemish variety raised by Fievee at Maubeuge[13] | |||
| Forelle |  | |||||
| General Leclerc | ||||||
| Gerburg | ||||||
| Giffard | ||||||
| Glou Morceau | Belgium | 1750 | ||||
| Gorham | United States | |||||
| Harobig | ||||||
| Harovin Sundown | ||||||
| Harrow Crisp | ||||||
| Harrow Delight | Canada | |||||
| Harrow Gold | ||||||
| Harrow Red | ||||||
| Harrow Sweet | Canada | |||||
| Harvest Queen | ||||||
| Hermann | ||||||
| Hortensia | ||||||
| Huntington Pear | ||||||
| Isolda | ||||||
| Joséphine de Malines | Belgium | obtained by Esperen, pomologist and mayor of Malines in the 19th century; one of the best late season pears | ||||
| Kieffer | United States | a hybrid of the Chinese "sand pear", P. pyrifolia and probably 'Bartlett' | ||||
| La France | France | |||||
| Lategale | ||||||
| Laxtons Superb' | England | no longer used due to high susceptibility to fireblight | ||||
| Le Conte |  | |||||
| Louise Bonne[14] | Normandy, France | late 1700s[15] | ||||
| Luscious | United States | |||||
| Merton Pride | England | 1941 | ||||
| Moonglow | ||||||
| Chinese White Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) | Nashi |  | ||||
| Nashi (Pyrus pyrifolia) | Asian/Japanese/Chinese/Korean/Taiwanese/sand pear |  |
| |||
| Kosui (幸水) (Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta) | Russet apple pear |  |
National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Japan | c. 1959 | the most important cultivar in Japan),[16][17] ('Russet pears') | Cider, cooking, eating |
| Hosui (豊水) (Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta)[18][19] | 'Russet pears',Russet apple pear | National Institute of Fruit Tree Science, Japan | c. 1972 | Cider, cooking, eating | ||
| Nijisseiki (二十世紀) name means "20th century", also spelled 'Nijusseiki' (Pyrus pyrifolia subsp. culta)[20][21] | 'Green pears', |  |
Matsudo, Chiba, Japan | c. 1888 | Green apple pear | Cider, cooking, eating |
| Onward[22] | National Fruit Trials in Wisley, Surrey | 1947 | Laxton's Superb x Doyenne du Comice | Eating | ||
| Orcas[23] | ||||||
| Orient | United States | an interspecific P. communis × P. pyrifolia hybrid | ||||
| Passe Crassane | France | A variety developed by M. Boisbunel, a nurseryman from Rouen, France[24] | ||||
| Packham | 'Packham's Triumph' |  | Australia | 1896 | ||
| Parsonage | New Rochelle, New York | c. 1857 | ||||
| Pineapple[25][26] | United States | an interspecific P. communis × P. pyrifolia hybrid | ||||
| Rocha | Pêra Rocha |  | Portugal | |||
| Rosemarie | South Africa | bred from Bon Rouge and Forelle[27] | ||||
| Seckel | .jpg.webp) | United States, Philadelphia area | late 17th century | still produced, naturally resistant to fireblight)[28] | ||
| Starkrimson | Red Clapp's | Michigan | 1939 | a red-skinned bud mutation of Clapp's Favourite. Its thick, smooth skin is a uniform, bright and intense red, and its creamy flesh is sweet and aromatic.[29] | ||
| Stinking Bishop | ||||||
| Summer Beauty | ||||||
| Summercrisp | ||||||
| Sudduth | ||||||
| Taylor's Gold | New Zealand | a russeted mutant clone of 'Comice' | ||||
| Tosca | ||||||
| Turandot | ||||||
| Uta | ||||||
| Vicar of Winkfield |  | England | a green skinned cooking pear | cooking | ||
| Virgouleuse | ||||||
| Williams | Williams' Bon Chrétien Bartlett (United States name) Red Bartlett (United States) |  | Many are yellow, as in upper image. There are three major red-skinned mutant clones: 'Max Red Bartlett', 'Sensation Red Bartlett', 'Rosired Bartlett' Good for eating, baking, cooking. In a recipe specifying apples, substituting one of these pears can give joy. | |||
| Winter Nelis | _-_Winter_Nelis.jpg.webp) |
Cider pears
Cider pears (Perry pears) may be far too sour or bitter for fresh eating, but are used for making cider. Some pears (especially older ones from the U.S. and Canada) are used for both cider and eating purposes.
Gallery
- Anjou
- Bosc
- Conference
- Forelle
- European Pear
- Le Conte
- Pêra Rocha
- Pyrus pyrifolia
- Pyrus bretschneideri
- Warden
- Williams (Bartlett)
- Vicar of Winkfield cultivar
References
- Elzebroek, A.T.G.; Wind, K. (2008). Guide to Cultivated Plants. Wallingford: CAB International. p. 27. ISBN 978-1-84593-356-2.
- Predieri, Stefano; Gatti, Edoardo (2009). "Effects of cold storage and shelf-life on sensory quality and consumer acceptance of 'Abate Fetel' pears". Postharvest Biology and Technology. 51 (3): 342–8. doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.09.006.
- https://journals.ashs.org/hortsci/downloadpdf/journals/hortsci/37/4/article-p711.xml
- https://www.actahort.org/books/671/671_42.htm
- https://www.nature-and-garden.com/gardening/beurre-hardy-pear-tree.html
- André Leroy, Dictionnaire de pomologie, tome 1, 1867, p. 370, fiche 379.
- https://goodfruitguide.co.uk/product/morettini/
- "Pero – in Italian" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2012-06-23.
- https://tallcloverfarm.com/12265/comtesse-clara-frijs-pear-best-pear-never-ate
- https://specialtyproduce.com/produce/Corella_Pears_12822.php
- http://regionalfood.com.au/corella-pears/
- http://pomologie.com/poire/poire1/fpoires/blanchetclaude/blanchetclaude.html
- https://brogdaleonline.co.uk/shop/fondant-dautomme/
- https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/50892/Pyrus-communis-Louise-Bonne-of-Jersey-(D)/Details
- https://www.ashridgetrees.co.uk/pear-louise-bonne-of-jersey-pyrus-communis-louise-bonne-jersey
- "????????????? :???". Archived from the original on 2011-10-03.
- "NSW Primary Industries 2002. Nashi asian pear varieties, kosui. Agfact H4.1.14". Archived from the original on 2015-06-25. Retrieved 2014-10-22.
- "????????????? :???". Archived from the original on 2011-10-03.
- "NSW Primary Industries 2002. Nashi asian pear varieties, housui. Agfact H4.1.14". Archived from the original on 2015-06-25. Retrieved 2014-10-22.
- "????????????? :???". Archived from the original on 2011-10-03.
- "NSW Primary Industries 2002. Nashi asian pear varieties, nijiseiki. Agfact H4.1.14". Archived from the original on 2015-06-25. Retrieved 2014-10-22.
- https://www.frankpmatthews.com/catalogue/pear/10049
- https://tallcloverfarm.com/10110/orcas-pear
- http://gourmetpedia.net/products/fruits/passe-crassane-pear/
- http://blogs.ifas.ufl.edu/nassauco/2017/05/27/fact-sheet-pineapple-pear/
- https://peacefulheritage.com/shop/pears/pineapple-pear/
- https://www.tru-cape.com/product/rosemarie-2/
- U.S. Department of Agriculture. (September 2004.) "Pyrus Crop Germplasm Committee: Report and genetic vulnerability statement, September 2004" Archived 2008-10-10 at the Wayback Machine. (Website.) Germ Resources Information Network (GRIN), pages 5-7, 10. Retrieved on 2007-10-02.
- Dris, Ramdane, and S. Mohan Jain (editors.) (2004.) "Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops: Volume 3, Quality Handling and Evaluation". Springer, page 274, ISBN 978-1-4020-1700-1. Retrieved on 2007-10-10
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