Loir-et-Cher

Loir-et-Cher (French pronunciation: ​[lwaʁ e ʃɛʁ], /lwɑːr eɪ ʃɛər/) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. Its name is originated from two rivers which cross it, the Loir in its northern part and the Cher in its southern part. Its prefecture is Blois. The INSEE and La Poste gave it the number 41.

Loir-et-Cher
Department of France
Prefecture building of the Loir-et-Cher department, in Blois
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Loir-et-Cher in France
Coordinates: 47°16′N 00°40′E
CountryFrance
RegionCentre-Val de Loire
PrefectureBlois
SubprefecturesRomorantin-Lanthenay
Vendôme
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilNicolas Perruchot (LR) (Nouveau Centre)
Area
 • Total6,343 km2 (2,449 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)
 • Total332,769
 • Rank71st
 • Density52/km2 (140/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number41
Arrondissements3
Cantons15
Communes267
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

History

The department of Loir-et-Cher covers a territory which had a substantial population during the prehistoric period. However it was not until the Middle Ages that local inhabitants built various castles and other fortifications to enable them to withstand a series of invasions of Normans, Bourguignons, the English and others.

The economy is quite flourishing: there are shops in valley, and agriculture is prominent in the region of the Beauce and the Perche to the Sologne which were prosperous until the 17th century. However, politically, the region remained quartered between the neighboring earldoms and duchies . In 1397, the House of Orleans became the possession of the Comté of Blois. In 1497, Louis d’Orleans (23rd count hereditary of Blois) was crowned with the name of Louis XII. It was the beginning of the importance of Blois and of the Blaisois in the politic life of the French, impressive especially under the last Valois. At this time, kings and important financiers competed to build castles and elegant abodes which are today an important part of the French national heritage due to their quantity, significance, and worth. (Chambord, Blois, Cheverny and so on.)

After that, there were religious wars which were extremely ferocious under Charles IX's reign. In 1576 and 1588, the General Estates convened in Blois. L’Orléanais, le Berry, la Touraine, le Perche et le Maine occupied le Loir-et-Cher and its provinces in 1970. The Loir-et-Cher's birth as a department was very difficult and laborious. On 29 September 1789, the constitution's advisory board made a report in which he wanted to attribute one of the 80 departments to Blois. However, some cities and canton capitals disagreed, such as Tours and Orleans. Inside of the department, Montrichard turns to Amboise and Tours, Saint-Aignan wants to turn to the Berry and Salbris to Vierzon.

Finally, Orleans gives Blois an important part of the Sologne except Beaugency and Tours doesn't give Amboise. The department is founded 4 March 1790, in accordance with the law of 22 December 1789. It is constituted of some old provinces of the Orleanais and of the Touraine along with a Berry's plot (left bank of the Selles en Berry's Cher which becomes Selles sur Cher, to Saint-Aignan). The department's constriction in its centre and the maximum stretching out in its surface area beyond the Loir on the North and the Cher on the South is due to these tribulations. After the victory of the Coalises during the Waterloo's battle (18 June 1815), the Prussian's troops occupied the department from June 1815 to November 1818. ( to learn more about it, go on to "France’s occupation at the end of the First Empire")

The poet Pierre de Ronsard, the inventor Denis Papin, and the historian Augustin Thierry come from here. Other well-known people are also associated with this department, such as François the First, Gaston d’Orleans, the Marshall Maunoury, and the abbot Gregoire (Bishop of Blois, elected at the Constituante). In the artistic domain, there is the compositor Antoine Boesset (1587–1643), musician in the Louis XII[1] de France's court, who was the head of the Music of the King's Bedroom from 1623 to 1643.

The Loir-et-Cher's department is a part of the Centre Region. It is adjacent of these departments : the Eure-et-Loir, the Loiret, the Cher, the Indre, the Indre-et-Loire and the Sarthe. Due to its surface area of 6 343 km2, it is the 31st largest department in the nation. It has a privileged geographical situation because it is in the center of the Centre region and near the Paris basin. An axe lively and dynamic, brings Blois closer (the department's administrative center) of the both tall urban conglomerations near it: Orleans and Tours. Located on the boundaries of the Perche, the Beauce, the Sologne and the Touraine, it finds its territorial identity in the diversity of its geography and its landscapes. Cut in its middle by the Loire, it shows an image of balance and diversity.

In 1989, American-based animators Andreas Deja, Glen Keane, and Tom Sito, and draftsmen Jean Gillmore, Thom Enriquez, and Hans Bacher launched an expedition to the chateau to do their research for the animated adaptation of "Beauty and the Beast".

Geography

Loir-et-Cher is a part of the modern region of Centre-Val de Loire. Adjacent departments are Eure-et-Loir to the north, Loiret to the north-east, Cher to the south-east, Indre to the south, Indre-et-Loire to the south-west, and Sarthe to the west.

The department comprises 6,314 km2, which makes it the 31st largest of the French departments in terms of area. The line of the river Loire traverses the land, ensuring easy communication between its own capital, Blois, and the vibrant cultural and commercial centres of Tours to the west and the fringes of the Seine-Paris basin at Orléans to the east.

Its main rivers are the Loire, on which its prefecture (capital) Blois is situated, the Loir and the Cher.

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1801209,957—    
1806218,740+0.82%
1821227,527+0.26%
1831235,750+0.36%
1841249,462+0.57%
1851261,892+0.49%
1861269,029+0.27%
1872268,801−0.01%
1881275,713+0.28%
1891280,392+0.17%
1901275,538−0.17%
1911271,231−0.16%
1921251,528−0.75%
1931241,592−0.40%
1936240,908−0.06%
1946242,419+0.06%
1954239,824−0.13%
1962250,741+0.56%
1968267,896+1.11%
1975283,686+0.82%
1982296,220+0.62%
1990305,937+0.40%
1999314,968+0.32%
2006325,183+0.46%
2016332,769+0.23%
source:[2]

The inhabitants of the department are called the Loir-et-Chériens.

Politics

Current National Assembly Representatives
ConstituencyMember[3]Party
Loir-et-Cher's 1st constituency Marc Fesneau MoDem
Loir-et-Cher's 2nd constituency Guillaume Peltier The Republicans
Loir-et-Cher's 3rd constituency Maurice Leroy Union of Democrats and Independents

Tourism

Châteaux

Loir-et-Cher has an important number of historic châteaux, including the following:

See also

References
  1. Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643)
  2. Site sur la Population et les Limites Administratives de la France
  3. http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/
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