Tarn (department)

Tarn (French pronunciation: ​[taʁn] or [ta:ʁ]; Occitan pronunciation: [taɾ]) is a department located in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Named after the river Tarn, it had a population of 387,890 as of 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Albi. The inhabitants of Tarn are known, in French, as Tarnais and Tarnaises.[2]

For other uses, see Tarn.
Tarn
Department of France
From top down, left to right: Albi and the Tarn River, old houses in Castres, street in Cordes-sur-Ciel and Lac du Laouzas
Flag
Location of Tarn in France
Coordinates: 43°49′N 2°12′E
CountryFrance
RegionOccitanie
DepartementSince 4 March 1790
PrefectureAlbi
SubprefectureCastres
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilChristophe Ramond (PS)
Area
 • Total5,757.9 km2 (2,223.1 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)
 • Total387,890
 • Rank62
 • Density67/km2 (170/sq mi)
Demonym(s)Tarnais
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeFR-81
Department number81
Arrondissements2
Cantons23
Communes314
Websitehttp://www.tarn.fr

History

Tarn is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790, through application of the Law of 22 December 1789. It was created from part of the former province of Languedoc, and comprised the dioceses of Albi and Castres (which found themselves merged in 1817).

The new department had five districts: Albi, Castres, Lavaur, Gaillac, Lacaune. The capitals (now prefectures) were, alternatively, Albi and Castres but, from 1790 to 1797, the capital was only Albi; in 1797, the capital was moved to Castres.[3] In 1800, Albi became again the capital of the department and the arrondissements were created; the department had four arrondissements: Albi, Castres, Gaillac and Lavaur. In 1926, the arrondissements of Gaillac and Lavaur were eliminated.[3]

By the law of 28 Pluviôse Year 5, the departments of Hérault and of Tarn exchanged the canton of Anglès (which had been part of the diocese of Saint-Pons, but which has remained in Tarn) for that of Saint-Gervais-sur-Mare (which had been part of the diocese of Castres, but which today remains in Hérault).

Geography
Topographic map of the Tarn department.

Tarn is part of the Occitanie region and has an area of 5,757.9 km2 (2,223 sq mi).[1] The department is surrounded by 5 departments, all belonging to the region Occitanie: Hérault to the southeast, Aude to the south, Aveyron to the north and east, Haute-Garonne to the southwest and west, as well as Tarn-et-Garonne to the northwest.

The slope of the department is from east to west, and its general character is mountainous or hilly. Tarn's three principal ranges lying to the south-east are: the Mountains of Lacaune, the Sidobre and the Montagne Noire, belonging to the Cévennes.

The stony and wind-blown slopes of the Mountains of Lacaune (Monts de Lacaune) are used for pasture. The highest point of the range and of the department is the Puech Montgrand, 1,267 m (4,157 ft) high; several other summits are not much short of this. The granite-strewn plateaux of the Sidobre, from 490 to 610 m (1,600 to 2,000 ft) high, separate the valley of the river Agout from that of its western tributary, the Thoré River. The Montagne Noire, on the southwestern border of the department, derives its name from the forests on its northern slope. Its highest point is the Pic de Nore at 1,211 m (3,973 ft) high.

The limestone and sandstone foot-hills are clothed with vines and fruit trees, and are broken by deep alluvial valleys of particular fertility. With the exception of a small portion of the Montagne Noire, which drains into the river Aude, the whole department belongs to the basin of the Garonne.

Demographics

Tarn has a population, in 2017, of 387,890, for a population density of 67.4 inhabitants/km2. The arrondissement of Castres, with 195,817 inhabitants, is the arrondissement with more inhabitants. The arrondissement of Albi has 192,073 inhabitants.[4]

Population evolution

Population development since 1793:

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793271,402—    
1801270,908−0.02%
1806296,228+1.80%
1821313,713+0.38%
1831335,844+0.68%
1841351,795+0.47%
1851363,073+0.32%
1861353,633−0.26%
1872352,718−0.02%
1881359,223+0.20%
1891346,739−0.35%
1901332,093−0.43%
1911324,090−0.24%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1921295,588−0.92%
1931302,994+0.25%
1936297,871−0.34%
1946298,117+0.01%
1954308,197+0.42%
1962319,560+0.45%
1968332,011+0.64%
1975338,024+0.26%
1982339,345+0.06%
1990342,723+0.12%
1999343,402+0.02%
2006365,337+0.89%
2016386,448+0.56%
source:[5]

Urban centres

The 10 largest cities in Tarn, with more than 6,000 inhabitants, are:

City Population
(2017)[4]		 Arrondissement
Albi48,970Albi
Castres41,636Castres
Gaillac15,294Albi
Graulhet12,618Castres
Lavaur10,811Castres
Mazamet10,013Castres
Carmaux9,500Albi
Saint-Sulpice-la-Pointe9,117Castres
Saint-Juéry6,818Albi
Labruguière6,535Castres

Administration

Administrative divisions

There are 2 arrondissements, 23 cantons and 314 communes in Tarn.

ArrondissementINSEE codeCapitalPopulation[4]
(2017)		Area
(km2)		Density
(inhabitants/km2)		Communes
Albi811Albi192,073  2,732  70.3163
Castres812Castres195,817  3,026  64.7151

Departmental Council of Tarn

The Departmental Council of Tarn has 46 seats. In the 2015 departmental elections, the Socialist Party (PS) won 26 seats and The Republicans (LR) and Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) alliance won 18 seats; two miscellaneous right candidates complete the assembly composition. Christophe Ramond (PS) has been President of the Departmental Council since 2017.

Members of the National Assembly

Tarn elected the following members of the National Assembly during the 2017 legislative election:

ConstituencyMember[6]Party
Tarn's 1st constituency Philippe Folliot Centrist Alliance
Tarn's 2nd constituency Marie-Christine Verdier-Jouclas La République En Marche!
Tarn's 3rd constituency Jean Terlier La République En Marche!

See also

References
  1. "Département du Tarn (81) – Résumé statistique". Publications et statistiques pour la France ou les régions (in French). Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques – INSEE. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  2. "Tarn (81)" (in French). habitants.fr. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  3. "Historique du Tarn". Le SPLAF (in French). Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  4. Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2017, INSEE
  5. Site sur la Population et les Limites Administratives de la France
  6. http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/
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