Marquess of Rockingham

Marquess of Rockingham, in the County of Northampton, was a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1746 for Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Earl of Malton. The Watson family descended from Lewis Watson, Member of Parliament for Lincoln. He was created a Baronet, of Rockingham Castle in the County of Northampton, in the Baronetage of England in 1621.[2] In 1645 he was further honoured when he was raised to the Peerage of England as Baron Rockingham. The third Baron served as Lord-Lieutenant of Kent. In 1714 he was created Baron Throwley, Viscount Sondes and Earl of Rockingham in the Peerage of Great Britain. His eldest son Edward Watson, Viscount Sondes, predeceased him and he was succeeded by his grandson, the second Earl (the eldest son of Lord Sondes). The second Earl was Lord-Lieutenant of Kent before his early death in 1745. He was childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, Thomas. He had previously represented Canterbury in Parliament.

Marquessate of Rockingham

Arms of Watson, Marquess of Rockingham: Argent, on a chevron engrailed azure between three martlets sable as many crescents or[1]
Creation date1746
MonarchGeorge II
PeeragePeerage of Great Britain
First holderThomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham
Last holderCharles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham
Remainder tothe 1st Marquess's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
Subsidiary titlesEarl of Malton
Earl of Rockingham
Viscount Higham
Viscount Sondes
Baron Throwley
Baron Malton
Baron Rockingham
Baron Harrowden
Baron Wath
Baronet Harrowden
Baronet of Rockingham Castle
Extinction date1 July, 1782
Seat(s)Wentworth Woodhouse Rockingham Castle
MottoMea Gloria Fides
This article is about the title in the Peerage of Great Britain. For the British prime minister, see Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham.
Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham, after Sir Joshua Reynolds. National Portrait Gallery, London.

He was succeeded in the baronetcy and barony of Rockingham by his first cousin once removed, Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Earl of Malton, who became the sixth Baron. He was the son of the Honourable Thomas Watson-Wentworth, third son of the second Baron. He had adopted the additional surname Wentworth when he inherited the estate of his maternal uncle, William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford, in 1695. In 1728 he was raised to the Peerage of Great Britain as Baron Malton. In 1733 he was made Baron Harrowden, Baron Wath, Viscount Higham and Earl of Malton in the Peerage of Great Britain. In April 1746, two months after succeeding in the barony of Rockingham, he was created Marquess of Rockingham, in the County of Northampton, in the Peerage of Great Britain. He was succeeded by his second but only surviving son, the second Marquess. In September 1750, two months before succeeding his father, he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland in his own right as Baron Malton and Earl Malton. Lord Rockingham was a prominent Whig grandee and served as Prime Minister of Great Britain between 1765 and 1766 and again in 1782. When he died in 1782 all of his titles became extinct. His estates passed to his nephew, William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam.

The family seats were Rockingham Castle, Northamptonshire, and Wentworth Woodhouse, near Rotherham, Yorkshire.

Barons Rockingham (1645)

Earls of Rockingham (1714)

Barons Rockingham (1645; Reverted)

Marquesses of Rockingham (1746)

See also

References
  1. Motto: "Mea Gloria Fides" ("Trust is My Renown"), which is displayed in large Roman capitals on the frieze of the classical pediment of Wentworth Woodhouse. Supporters: Two griffins argent ducally gorged or (Burke's General Armory, 1884, p.1083)
  2. George Edward Cokayne Complete Baronetage Vol 1 1900
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