Ministry of Economy (Spain)
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation (MINECO) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for the proposing and carrying out the government policy on economic affairs, business support and reforms to improve economic potential growth as well as acting as the communication channel with the European Union and other economic and financial international organizations in this matters.[3] Likewise, this department is responsible for the telecommunications policy and the digital transformation.[3]
| Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital | |
 | |
_01.jpg.webp) Headquarters of the Ministry in the Nuevos Ministerios government complex. | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 4 November 1928 (as Ministry of National Economy) 13 January 2020 (as Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation) |
| Type | Ministry |
| Jurisdiction | Spanish government |
| Employees | 4,940 (2019)[1] |
| Annual budget | € 9 billion, 2021[2] |
| Minister responsible |
|
| Agency executives |
|
| Website | Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness(in Spanish) |
This has been a ministry that for most of its history has been linked to the Ministry of the Treasury, including a large part of the democratic stage, although they are now separated.
The MINECO is headed by the Economy Minister, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch at request of the Prime Minister, after hearing the Council of Ministers. The Minister of Economy and Business is assisted by five high-ranking officials, the Secretary of State for Economy and Business Support, the Secretary of State for Telecommunications and Digital Infraestructures, the Secretary of State for Digitization and Artificial Intelligence the Secretary General for the Treasury and International Financing and the Under Secretary of Economic Affairs. The current minister is Deputy PM Nadia Calviño, a former EU Civil Servant in charge of the EU Budget.
History
Origin and protectionism
The responsibilities over the economy had been integrated in the Ministry of the Treasury since its creation in the 18th century. However, because of the weakness and the deficiencies of the Spanish industry and trade sectors, during the dictatorship of Miguel Primo de Rivera was needed an autarchic policy. In addition, after the World War I the complexity of international markets had plunged Spain into a strong industrial crisis.
As a result, the sectors affected demanded a protectionist tariff policy in defense of national production against foreign one and, in turn, make it easy the exports. Thus began an autarchic policy based on economic nationalism and tariff protectionism whose best example is the Cambó tariff of 1922. This policy was assumed by the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. Thus a certain economic bonanza was achieved that was truncated by the Great Depression of 1929.
The Cambo tariff was the technical and fiscal response to the critical deficit situation of the Spanish trade balance since 1920. It was a tariff policy that served two competing needs: one was to protect the different sectors of the Spanish economy against the international, heavily taxing imports of products produced by foreign counterparts; another responded to the need to defend export agriculture, a sector with a large foreign market and which was damaged by the rise in tariffs, victim of the consequent increases in the countries affected by the Spanish measures.
This was solved with the signing of international treaties of Commerce and Navigation agreeing a particular and significant reduction of the tariff with each one of the foreign nations with which commercial exchanges took place. Flores de Lemus defined the situation that was lucidly created: there was a complementarity between export agriculture and agriculture and industry in need of protection, although the instruments used by the Government were opposed and a continuous tension was created between them.
Dictatorship, Republic and Civil War
Although remote antecedents of the Economy portfolio can be found in the creation of the Ministry of Supply as an immediate consequence of the crisis of 1917; The first step towards the creation of a specific department occurred during the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera when the National Economy Council established by Royal Decree of 8 March 1924.[4]
The Council was born with the purpose of studying the problems of the national production and consumption, for the purpose of setting the customs tariffs and determining the way to establish international commercial relations adapted to the Spanish economic reality. For this reason, its main functions were to collect statistics on foreign trade and cabotage; obtain economic and commercial information in Spain and abroad; establish the official valuation of the goods, taking into account the cost of the same; propose new customs tariffs, as well as the revision of nomenclatures and tariffs. It was also responsible for proposing the conclusion of Trade Agreements. Finally, this body served to control all pressure groups in the country and thus channel their antagonistic interests: Boards and chambers of Commerce, Industry and Navigation, associations of producers, employers' organizations and trade unions of all kinds.
The end of the Military Directorate in 1925, the restoration of the ministerial regime and the economic circumstances led to the creation of the Ministry of National Economy by Royal Decree-Law of 3 November 1928, in response to public opinion that this affairs required to be placed under one direction only, both in terms of production, trade and consumption; and that to date they were dispersed among the rest of the government departments. The National Economy Council depended on the new Economy Ministry, although slightly modified, continuing with its work of collecting and contrasting the realities of the country around each and every one of the sectors of his economic life.
The Ministry was also integrated by the following organisms:
- The Ministry of Development transferred to it the Directorate-General for Agriculture, with the agricultural chambers, agronomic council and association of Cattle Ranchers and the services of Hygiene and Animal Health.
- The Office of the Prime Minister transferred to it the National Economy Council and Directorate-General for Tariffs and Valuations, whose holder was the Vice President of the Council.
- From the Ministries of Labor and Interior, it were transferred respectively the responsibilities on Commerce and Supply, which met in the same Directorate-General for Trade and Supply.
- The Ministry of Labour also transferred to it the Directorate-General for Industry, with the School of Industrial Engineers, as well as provincial inspectorates.
During this period, its headquarters were in the same building as the Ministry of Development, with the exception of the National Economy Council, which was located on Magdalena Street, 12 in Madrid.
The Ministry disappeared by Decree of 16 December 1931. Its services were distributed among the Ministries of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce; Development and Labour. The National Economy Council was transformed into the National Economy Planning Council, dependent on the portfolio of Industry and Commerce.
In the middle of the Civil War, the government of the Republic created a Ministry of Finance and Economy, first based in Barcelona and then in Valencia. The head of the new institution was Juan Negrín, who at the same time was Prime Minister. Its creation was ordered by Decree of 17 May 1937[5] and its functions and structure were dictated by Decree 27 of that same month.
From the economic autarky to the developmentalism of the 1960s
The catastrophic situation in which the country was plunged after the Civil War and the collapse of international markets caused by the World War II, will led to the creation of a new National Economy Council. The new body monitored that all ministries follow the economic guidelines of the Government in a harmonious and coordinated manner. His legal regime constituted him as an autonomous body of work, consultant, adviser and technician in all the matters that affected the national economy. It depended directly on the Office of the Prime Minister.
The importance of the Council will be increased, so much that institutionally its president will be compared to those of the Cortes, the Supreme Court , the Court of Auditors and the Council of State. Its power and influence in economic matters, always oriented towards autarky, will be equal to that of the General Secretariat of the Movement. Finally, the President of the Council had the rank of Minister without portfolio. Its connection to the most immobile sector of the regime in terms of economy will mean the beginning of its decline. Confronted openly with the Ministries of the Treasury and Commerce for the turn that the Stabilization Plan had made towards a capitalist economy, the National Economy Council gradually began to lose importance in the 1960s. It disappeared in 1977, absorbed by the Ministry of Economy.
During the premiership of Arias Navarro, a specific Deputy Prime Minister was created for economic affairs, a position that was assumed by the head of the Treasury portfolio. The new position implied the disappearance of the Ministry of Development Planning, leaving its Undersecretariat ascribed to the Delegate Commission of the Government for Economic Affairs.
Democracy
The recovery of the Ministry of Economy in 1977 takes place in conjunctural circumstances and of great importance for the economic history of Spain. Once the political transition to democracy began, the second government presided over by Suarez was aware that the constitutional process would be seriously hampered if there was no economic growth. The circumstances were totally contrary due to the serious situation that the country was going through due to the oil crisis of 1973, the ineffectiveness of the measures adopted by the last governments of the dictatorship; as well as the accentuation of the latent problems: inflation, unemployment, external deficit, deficit of the public sector and the low level of investments.
The institutional solutions involved remodeling the General State Administration, creating a Second Deputy Prime Minister for economic affairs and the position of Minister of Economy through several royal decrees signed on 4 July 1977,[6] appointments that fall in Fuentes Quintana. With the Ministry of Economy recovered, the necessary body is created to group in a single department the different competences in the matter of organization and economic planning and to be able to single out the decisions on economic policy extracting them in part from the Ministry of the Treasury. Its main task was to establish the guidelines of the general economic policy, the short and medium term programming and the study of the proposal of advisable measures to ensure the smooth running of the economy of the country. During the last government of Suarez were merged into one, the Economy and Commerce portfolios.
The administrative reforms carried out by the first government headed by Felipe González led in 1982 to the merger in one of the departments of Treasury and Economy and Commerce, giving birth to the Ministry of Economy and Finance. This body has continued to operate continuously with the exception of the 7th Cortes Generales (2000-2004), under the premiership of José María Aznar, in which the Treasury and Economy portfolios were split in two. The same happens since the 10th Cortes Generales (2011–present). Between 2016 and 2018, the Ministry of Economy merged with the Ministry of Industry.[7]
Structure
The Ministry of Economy and Business is organised in the following superior bodies:[8]
- The Secretariat of State for Economy and Business Support
- The General Secretariat for the Treasury and International Financing
- The Directorate-General for Economic Policy
- The Directorate-General for Macroeconomic Analysis
- The Directorate-General for Insurance and Pension Funds
- The Secretariat of State for Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence
- The General Secretariat for Digital Administration.
- The Secretariat of State for Telecommunications and Digital Infrastructures
- The Directorate-General for Telecommunications and Organization of Audiovisual Communication Services
- The Undersecretariat of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation
- The Technical General Secretariat
- The Inspectorate of Services
- The Deputy Directorate-General for Human Resources
- The Deputy Directorate-General for Financial Administration and Administrative Office
- The Budget Office
- The Deputy Directorate-General for Information and Communication Technologies
Ministry agencies
- Macroprudential Authority Financial Stability Council.
- National Statistics Institute
- Official Credit Institute
- National Commission on Markets and Competition
- National Securities Market Commission
- Institute for Accounting and Accounts Audit
List of Ministers of Economy and Finance of Spain
| Period | Took office | Left office | Name | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reign of Philip V |
2 April 1717 | 1 December 1720 | José Rodrigo y Villalpando (9) | |
| 17 December 1720 | 14 January 1724 | Juan de Dios del Río González (8) | ||
| Reign of Louis I | 24 January 1724 | 4 September 1724 | Fernando Verdes Montenegro (8) | |
| Reign of Philip V | ||||
| 4 September 1724 | 12 December 1725 | Juan Bautista de Orendain Azpilicueta (8) | ||
| 12 December 1725 | 1726 | Juan Guillermo Ripperdá (8) | ||
| 1726 | 14 May 1726 | Francisco de Arriaza Medina (8) | ||
| 14 May 1726 | 3 November 1726 | Juan Bautista de Orendain Azpilicueta (8) | ||
| 3 November 1726 | 23 November 1736 | José Patiño Rosales (8) | ||
| 23 November 1736 | 10 March 1739 | Mateo Pablo Díaz de Lavandero (8) | ||
| 10 March 1739 | 13 January 1740 | Juan Bautista de Iturralde Gamio (8) | ||
| 13 January 1740 | 27 February 1741 | Fernando Verdes Montenegro (8) | ||
| 27 September 1741 | 11 April 1743 | José del Campillo y Cossío (7) | ||
| Reign of Ferdinand VI |
21 May 1743 | 22 July 1754 | Zenón de Somodevilla y Bengoechea (7) | |
| 22 July 1754 | 8 December 1759 | Juan Francisco Ruiz de Gaona y Portocarrero (7) | ||
| Reign of Charles III |
25 December 1759 | 1 April 1766 | Leopoldo de Gregorio, Marquess of Esquilace (7) | |
| 1 April 1766 | 25 January 1785 | Miguel de Múzquiz y Goyeneche (7) | ||
| 25 January 1785 | 16 October 1791 | Pedro López de Lerena (7) | ||
| Reign of Charles IV |
16 October 1791 | 28 October 1796 | Diego de Gardoqui (7) | |
| 28 October 1796 | 10 June 1797 | Pedro de Varela Ulloa (7) | ||
| 27 June 1797 | 21 November 1797 | Nicolás Ambrosio Garro y Arizcun (7) | ||
| 21 November 1797 | 6 September 1798 | Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis (7) | ||
| 6 September 1798 | 28 March 1808 | Miguel Cayetano Soler Ravasa (7) | ||
| Reign of Joseph I |
28 March 1808 | 7 July 1808 | Miguel José Azanza y Alegría (7) | |
| 7 July 1808 | 27 April 1810 | Francisco Cabarrús (7) | ||
| 26 April 1810 | 7 August 1810 | José Martínez de Hervás (7) | Interim | |
| 7 August 1810 | 31 August 1810 | Gonzalo O'Farril Herrera (7) | Interim | |
| 31 August 1810 | 27 June 1813 | Francisco Angulo (7) | ||
| Supreme Central and Governing Junta of the Kingdom | 15 October 1808 | 30 October 1809 | Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis (7) | |
| 2 November 1809 | 2 June 1810 | Nicolás Ambrosio Garro y Arizcun (7) | ||
| 2 July 1810 | 13 November 1810 | Nicolás María Sierra (7) | ||
| 13 November 1810 | 14 January 1811 | José Company (7) | ||
| 14 January 1811 | 6 February 1812 | José Canga-Argüelles (7) | ||
| 6 February 1812 | 22 April 1812 | Antonio Ranz Romanillos (7) | ||
| 22 April 1812 | 23 June 1812 | José Vázquez de Figueroa (7) | ||
| 23 June 1812 | 1 October 1812 | Luis María Salazar (7) | ||
| 1 October 1812 | 30 March 1813 | Cristóbal Góngora Fernández Delgado (7) | ||
| 30 March 1813 | 24 August 1813 | Tomás José González-Carvajal (7) | ||
| 24 August 1813 | 4 May 1814 | Julián Fernández Navarrete y Jiménez de Tejada (7) | Interim | |
| Reign of Ferdinand VII |
4 May 1814 | 29 May 1814 | Luis María Salazar (7) | |
| 29 May 1814 | 23 September 1814 | Cristóbal Góngora Fernández Delgado (7) | ||
| 23 September 1814 | 2 February 1815 | Juan Pérez Villaamil (7) | Interim | |
| 2 February 1815 | 10 December 1815 | Philip González Vallejo (7) | ||
| 21 April 1815 | 10 December 1815 | Francisco García Luna Peinado (7) | Oficial habilitado. | |
| 10 December 1815 | 27 January 1816 | José Ibarra Mateo (7) | ||
| 27 January 1816 | 23 December 1816 | Manuel López Araujo (7) | ||
| 23 December 1816 | 14 September 1818 | Martín de Garay Perales (7) | Interim | |
| 14 September 1818 | 3 September 1819 | José Imaz Baquedano (7) | ||
| 3 November 1819 | 22 March 1820 | Antonio González Salmón (7) | ||
| 22 March 1820 | 2 March 1821 | José Canga Argüelles (7) | ||
| 2 March 1821 | 4 March 1821 | Luis Sorela Carcaño (7) | Interim | |
| 4 March 1821 | 31 October 1821 | Antonio Barata Barata (7) | ||
| 31 October 1821 | 8 January 1822 | Ángel Vallejo Villalón (7) | Interim | |
| 8 January 1822 | 11 January 1822 | José Imaz Baquedano (7) | Interim | |
| 11 January 1822 | 24 January 1822 | Luis Sorela Carcaño (7) | Interim | |
| 24 January 1822 | 30 January 1822 | Luis López Ballesteros Varela (7) | ||
| 30 January 1822 | 28 February 1822 | Luis Sorela Carcaño (7) | Interim | |
| 28 February 1822 | 5 August 1822 | Philip Sierra Pambley (7) | ||
| 5 August 1822 | 6 August 1822 | Antonio Martínez Martínez (7) | ||
| 6 August 1822 | 28 April 1823 | Mariano Egea (7) | Interim | |
| 28 February 1823 | 20 April 1823 | Lorenzo Calvo de Rozas (7) | ||
| 28 April 1823 | 12 May 1823 | Manuel Cortés Aragón (7) | Interim | |
| 13 May 1823 | 30 September 1823 | Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay (7) | ||
| 26 May 1823 | 2 December 1823 | Juan Bautista Erro y Azpiroz (7) | ||
| 2 December 1823 | 30 September 1832 | Luis López Ballesteros Varela (7) | ||
| 1 October 1832 | 24 March 1833 | Victoriano de Encima (7) | ||
| 25 March 1833 | 27 December 1833 | Antonio Martínez Martínez (7) | ||
| Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies |
27 December 1833 | 15 January 1834 | Francisco Javier de Burgos Olmo (7) | Interim |
| 15 January 1834 | 7 February 1834 | José Aranalde Gorbieta (7) | Interim | |
| 7 February 1834 | 18 June 1834 | José Imaz Baquedano (7) | ||
| 18 June 1834 | 13 June 1835 | José María Queipo de Llano (7) | ||
| 13 June 1835 | 15 May 1836 | Juan Álvarez Mendizábal | ||
| 15 May 1836 | 14 August 1836 | José Ventura de Aguirre Solarte (7) | ||
| 14 August 1836 | 11 September 1836 | Mariano Egea (7) | ||
| 11 September 1836 | 18 August 1837 | Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (7) | ||
| 27 March 1837 | 9 July 1837 | Pío Pita Pizarro (7) | ||
| 1 October 1837 | 7 October 1837 | José María Pérez Quintana (7) | Interim | |
| 16 December 1837 | 6 September 1838 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez (7) | ||
| 6 September 1838 | 21 November 1838 | José Vigil de Quiñones de León (7) | Interim through 9 September | |
| 6 December 1838 | 10 May 1839 | Pío Pita Pizarro (7) | ||
| 10 May 1839 | 12 May 1839 | José Ferraz y Cornel (7) | Interim | |
| 12 May 1839 | 19 August 1839 | Domingo Jiménez (7) | Interim | |
| 19 August 1839 | 20 August 1839 | José Ferraz y Cornel (7) | Interim | |
| 20 August 1839 | 3 September 1839 | José Primo de Rivera Ortiz de Pinedo (7) | Interim | |
| 3 September 1839 | 8 April 1840 | José San Millán Coronel (7) | ||
| 8 April 1840 | 20 July 1840 | Ramón de Santillán González (7) | ||
| 20 July 1840 | 19 August 1840 | José Ferraz y Cornel (7) | ||
| 19 August 1840 | 11 September 1840 | José María Secades del Rivero (7) | Interim | |
| 11 September 1840 | 16 September 1840 | Domingo Jiménez (7) | ||
| Reign of Isabella II | 3 October 1840 | 6 March 1841 | Agustín Fernández Gamboa (7) | |
| 6 March 1841 | 20 May 1841 | Joaquín María Ferrer Cafranga (7) | Interim | |
| 21 May 1841 | 25 May 1842 | Pedro Surrá y Rull (7) | ||
| 26 May 1842 | 17 June 1842 | Antonio María del Valle (7) | Interim | |
| 17 June 1842 | 9 May 1843 | Ramón María Calatrava Peinado (7) | ||
| 9 May 1843 | 19 May 1843 | Mateo Miguel Ayllón Alonso (7) | ||
| 19 May 1843 | 30 July 1843 | Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (7) | ||
| 24 July 1843 | 5 November 1843 | Mateo Miguel Ayllón Alonso (7) | ||
| 24 November 1843 | 1 December 1843 | Manuel Cantero San Vicente (7) | ||
| 1 December 1843 | 10 December 1843 | José Díaz de Serralde (7) | Interim | |
| 10 December 1843 | 3 May 1844 | Juan José García Carrasco Gómez Benítez (7) | ||
| Década Moderada |
3 May 1844 | 12 February 1846 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez (7) | |
| 12 February 1846 | 15 February 1846 | Manuel María Sierra Moya (7) | Interim | |
| 15 February 1846 | 16 March 1846 | José de la Peña y Aguayo (7) | ||
| 16 March 1846 | 4 April 1846 | Francisco de Paula Orlando (7) | ||
| 5 April 1846 | 12 April 1846 | Manuel María Sierra Moya (7) | Interim | |
| 12 April 1846 | 28 January 1847 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez (7) | ||
| 28 January 1847 | 28 March 1847 | Ramón de Santillán González (7) | ||
| 28 March 1847 | 4 October 1847 | José de Salamanca y Mayol (7) | ||
| 4 October 1847 | 24 December 1847 | Francisco de Paula Orlando (7) | ||
| 24 December 1847 | 15 June 1848 | Manuel Bertrán de Lis y Ribes (7) | ||
| 15 June 1848 | 11 August 1848 | Francisco de Paula Orlando (7) | ||
| 11 August 1848 | 19 August 1849 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez (7) | ||
| 19 August 1849 | 18 October 1849 | Juan Bravo Murillo (7) | Interim through 31 August | |
| 19 October 1849 | 20 October 1849 | Vicente Armesto Hernández (7) | ||
| 20 October 1849 | 29 November 1850 | Juan Bravo Murillo (5) | ||
| 29 November 1850 | 14 January 1851 | Manuel Seijas Lozano (5) | ||
| 14 January 1851 | 14 December 1852 | Juan Bravo Murillo (5) | ||
| 14 December 1852 | 10 January 1853 | Gabriel Aristizábal Reutt (5) | ||
| 10 January 1853 | 14 April 1853 | Alejandro Llorente y Lannas (5) | ||
| 14 April 1853 | 21 June 1853 | Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez (5) | ||
| 21 June 1853 | 19 September 1853 | Luis María Pastor Copo (5) | ||
| 19 September 1853 | 17 July 1854 | Jacinto Félix Domenech (5) | ||
| Bienio Progresista |
18 July 1854 | 20 July 1854 | Manuel Cantero San Vicente (5) | |
| 30 July 1854 | 28 December 1854 | José Manuel Collado y Parada (5) | ||
| 28 December 1854 | 21 January 1855 | Juan Mata Sevillano Fraile (5) | ||
| 21 January 1855 | 6 June 1855 | Pascual Madoz Ibáñez (5) | ||
| 6 June 1855 | 7 February 1856 | Juan Faustino Bruil Olliarburu (5) | ||
| 7 February 1856 | 14 July 1856 | Francisco Santa Cruz (5) | ||
| Reign of Isabella II | 14 July 1856 | 20 September 1856 | Manuel Cantero San Vicente (5) | |
| 20 September 1856 | 12 October 1856 | Pedro Salaverría Charitu (5) | ||
| 12 October 1856 | 15 October 1857 | Manuel García Barzanallana (5) | ||
| 15 October 1857 | 25 October 1857 | Victorio Fernández Lascoiti Fourquet (5) | Interim | |
| 25 October 1857 | 14 January 1858 | Alejandro Mon y Menéndez (5) | ||
| 14 January 1858 | 30 June 1858 | José Sánchez Ocaña López Ontiveros (5) | ||
| 30 June 1858 | 2 March 1863 | Pedro Salaverría Charitu (5) | ||
| 2 March 1863 | 4 August 1863 | José de Sierra Cárdenas (5) | ||
| 4 August 1863 | 13 October 1863 | Manuel Moreno López (5) | ||
| 13 October 1863 | 17 January 1864 | Victorio Fernández Lascoiti Fourquet (5) | ||
| 17 January 1864 | 1 March 1864 | Juan Bautista Trupita Jiménez Cisneros (5) | ||
| 1 March 1864 | 16 September 1864 | Pedro Salaverría Charitu (5) | ||
| 16 September 1864 | 20 February 1865 | Manuel García Barzanallana (5) | ||
| 20 February 1865 | 21 June 1865 | Alejandro de Castro Casal (5) | ||
| 21 June 1865 | 28 May 1866 | Manuel Alonso Martínez (5) | ||
| 28 May 1866 | 10 July 1866 | Antonio Cánovas del Castillo (5) | Interim | |
| 10 July 1866 | 10 February 1868 | Manuel García Barzanallana (5) | ||
| 10 February 1868 | 23 April 1868 | José Sánchez Ocaña López Ontiveros (5) | ||
| 23 April 1868 | 30 September 1868 | Manuel Orovio Echagüe (5) | ||
| Sexenio Democrático |
20 September 1868 | 30 September 1868 | José Magaz y Jaime (5) | Interim |
| 8 October 1868 | 13 July 1869 | Laureano Figuerola Ballester (5) | ||
| 13 July 1869 | 1 November 1869 | Constantino de Ardanaz y Undabarrena (5) | ||
| 1 November 1869 | 2 December 1870 | Laureano Figuerola Ballester (5) | ||
| 2 December 1870 | 10 July 1871 | Segismundo Moret y Prendergast (5) | ||
| 10 July 1871 | 24 July 1871 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (5) | Interim | |
| 24 July 1871 | 5 October 1871 | Servando Ruiz-Gómez y González-Llanos (5) | ||
| 5 October 1871 | 20 February 1872 | Santiago de Angulo Ortiz de Traspeña (5) | ||
| 20 February 1872 | 26 May 1872 | Juan Francisco Camacho de Alcorta (5) | ||
| 26 May 1872 | 13 June 1872 | José Elduayen Gorriti (5) | ||
| 13 June 1872 | 19 December 1872 | Servando Ruiz-Gómez y González-Llanos (5) | ||
| 19 December 1872 | 12 February 1873 | José Echegaray Eizaguirre (5) | ||
| I Republic (1873–1874) |
12 February 1873 | 24 February 1873 | José Echegaray Eizaguirre (5) | |
| 24 February 1873 | 11 June 1873 | Juan Tutau y Verges (5) | ||
| 11 June 1873 | 28 June 1873 | Teodoro Ladico y Font (5) | ||
| 28 June 1873 | 4 September 1873 | José Carvajal Hué (5) | ||
| 8 September 1873 | 3 January 1874 | Manuel Pedregal y Cañedo (5) | ||
| 3 January 1874 | 4 January 1874 | Práxedes Mateo Sagasta (5) | ||
| 4 January 1874 | 13 May 1874 | José Echegaray Eizaguirre (5) | ||
| 13 May 1874 | 31 December 1874 | Juan Francisco Camacho de Alcorta (5) | ||
| Reign of Alfonso XII (1874–1885) |
31 December 1874 | 20 July 1876 | Pedro Salaverría y Charitu (5) | |
| 20 July 1876 | 11 July 1877 | José García Barzanallana (5) | ||
| 11 July 1877 | 19 March 1880 | Manuel Orovio Echagüe (5) | ||
| 19 March 1880 | 8 February 1881 | Fernando Cos-Gayón y Pons (5) | ||
| 8 February 1881 | 9 January 1883 | Juan Francisco Camacho de Alcorta (5) | ||
| 9 January 1883 | 13 October 1883 | Justo Pelayo de la Cuesta Núñez (5) | ||
| 13 October 1883 | 18 January 1884 | José Gallostra y Frau (5) | ||
| 18 January 1884 | 27 November 1885 | Fernando Cos-Gayón y Pons (5) | ||
| Regency of María Cristina for Alfonso XIII (1885–1902) |
27 November 1885 | 2 August 1886 | Juan Francisco Camacho de Alcorta (5) | |
| 2 August 1886 | 11 December 1888 | Joaquín López Puigcerver (5) | ||
| 11 December 1888 | 21 January 1890 | Venancio González y Fernández (5) | ||
| 21 January 1890 | 5 July 1890 | Manuel de Eguilior y Llaguno (5) | ||
| 5 July 1890 | 23 November 1891 | Fernando Cos-Gayón y Pons (5) | ||
| 23 November 1891 | 11 December 1892 | Juan de la Concha Castañeda (5) | ||
| 11 December 1892 | 12 March 1894 | Germán Gamazo y Calvo (5) | ||
| 12 March 1894 | 17 December 1894 | Amós Salvador Rodrigáñez (5) | ||
| 17 December 1894 | 23 March 1895 | José Canalejas Méndez (5) | ||
| 23 March 1895 | 4 October 1897 | Juan Navarro Reverter (5) | ||
| 4 October 1897 | 4 March 1899 | Joaquín López Puigcerver (5) | ||
| 4 March 1899 | 6 July 1900 | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (5) | ||
| 6 July 1900 | 6 March 1901 | Manuel Allendesalazar Muñoz (5) | ||
| 6 March 1901 | 19 March 1902 | Ángel Urzáiz y Cuesta (5) | ||
| 19 March 1902 | 17 May 1902 | Tirso Rodrigáñez y Sagasta (5) | ||
| Reign of Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) |
17 May 1902 | 15 November 1902 | Tirso Rodrigáñez y Sagasta (5) | |
| 15 November 1902 | 6 December 1902 | Manuel de Eguilior y Llaguno (5) | ||
| 6 December 1902 | 25 March 1903 | Raimundo Fernández Villaverde (5) | ||
| 25 March 1903 | 20 July 1903 | Faustino Rodríguez San Pedro (5) | ||
| 20 July 1903 | 5 December 1903 | Augusto González Besada Mein (5) | ||
| 5 December 1903 | 16 December 1904 | Guillermo de Osma y Scull (5) | ||
| 16 December 1904 | 27 January 1905 | Tomás Castellano y Villarroya (5) | ||
| 27 January 1905 | 23 June 1905 | Antonio García Alix (5) | ||
| 23 June 1905 | 18 July 1905 | Ángel Urzáiz y Cuesta (5) | ||
| 18 July 1905 | 1 December 1905 | José Echegaray Eizaguirre (5) | ||
| 1 December 1905 | 6 July 1906 | Amós Salvador Rodrigáñez (5) | ||
| 6 July 1906 | 30 November 1906 | Juan Navarro Reverter (5) | ||
| 30 November 1906 | 4 December 1906 | Eleuterio Delgado y Martín (5) | ||
| 4 December 1906 | 25 January 1907 | Juan Navarro Reverter (5) | ||
| 25 January 1907 | 23 February 1908 | Guillermo de Osma y Scull (5) | ||
| 23 February 1908 | 14 September 1908 | Cayetano Sánchez Bustillo (5) | ||
| 14 September 1908 | 21 October 1909 | Augusto González Besada Mein (5) | ||
| 21 October 1909 | 9 February 1910 | Juan Alvarado y del Saz (5) | ||
| 9 February 1910 | 3 April 1911 | Eduardo Cobián y Roffignac (5) | ||
| 3 April 1911 | 12 March 1912 | Tirso Rodrigáñez y Sagasta (5) | ||
| 12 March 1912 | 31 December 1912 | Juan Navarro Reverter (5) | ||
| 31 December 1912 | 27 October 1913 | Félix Suárez Inclán (5) | ||
| 27 October 1913 | 9 December 1915 | Gabino Bugallal Araújo (5) | ||
| 9 December 1915 | 25 February 1916 | Ángel Urzáiz y Cuesta (5) | ||
| 25 February 1916 | 30 April 1916 | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez (5) | ||
| 30 April 1916 | 11 June 1917 | Santiago Alba Bonifaz (5) | ||
| 11 June 1917 | 3 November 1917 | Gabino Bugallal Araújo (5) | ||
| 3 November 1917 | 2 March 1918 | Juan Ventosa Calvell (5) | ||
| 2 March 1918 | 22 March 1918 | José de Caralt y Sala (5) | ||
| 22 March 1918 | 9 November 1918 | Augusto González Besada Mein (5) | ||
| 9 November 1918 | 5 December 1918 | Santiago Alba Bonifaz (5) | ||
| 5 December 1918 | 5 February 1919 | Fermín Calbetón y Blanchón (5) | ||
| 5 February 1919 | 15 April 1919 | José Gómez Acebo (5) | ||
| 15 April 1919 | 20 July 1919 | Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel (5) | ||
| 20 July 1919 | 5 May 1920 | Gabino Bugallal Araújo (5) | ||
| 5 May 1920 | 28 January 1921 | Lorenzo Domínguez Pascual (5) | ||
| 28 January 1921 | 7 July 1921 | Manuel Argüelles Argüelles (5) | ||
| 7 July 1921 | 14 August 1921 | Mariano Ordóñez García (5) | ||
| 14 August 1921 | 8 March 1922 | Francesc Cambó i Batlle (5) | ||
| 8 March 1922 | 4 December 1922 | Francisco Bergamín García (5) | ||
| 4 December 1922 | 7 December 1922 | Juan José Ruano de la Sota (5) | ||
| 7 December 1922 | 4 April 1923 | José Manuel Pedregal y Sánchez Calvo (5) | ||
| 4 April 1923 | 3 September 1923 | Miguel Villanueva y Gómez (5) | ||
| 3 September 1923 | 15 September 1923 | Félix Suárez Inclán (5) | ||
| 17 September 1923 | 21 December 1923 | Enrique Illana y Sánchez de Vargas (5) | ||
| 21 December 1923 | 5 February 1924 | Carlos Vergara Caillaux (5) | ||
| 25 February 1924 | 21 December 1925 | José Corral y Larre (5) | ||
| 31 December 1925 | 3 November 1928 | José Calvo Sotelo (5) | ||
| 3 November 1928 | 21 January 1930 | José Calvo Sotelo (5) and Francisco Moreno Zulueta (6) |
||
| 21 January 1930 | 30 January 1930 | Francisco Moreno Zulueta (5) and Sebastian Castedo Palero (6) |
||
| 30 January 1930 | 3 February 1930 | Manuel Argüelles Argüelles (5, 6) | ||
| 3 February 1930 | 20 August 1930 | Manuel Argüelles Argüelles (5) and Julio Wais San Martín (6) |
||
| 20 August 1930 | 18 February 1931 | Julio Wais San Martín (5) and Luis Rodríguez de Viguri (6) |
||
| 18 February 1931 | 14 April 1931 | Juan Ventosa Calvell (5) and Gabino Bugallal Araújo (6) |
||
| II Republic (1931–1939) |
14 April 1931 | 16 December 1931 | Indalecio Prieto Tuero | PSOE |
| 16 December 1931 | 12 June 1933 | Jaime Carner Romeu | ERC | |
| 12 June 1933 | 12 September 1933 | Agustín Viñuales Pardo | Indep. | |
| 12 September 1933 | 3 May 1934 | Antonio Lara Zárate | PRR | |
| 3 May 1934 | 3 April 1935 | Manuel Marraco Ramón | PRR | |
| 3 April 1935 | 6 May 1935 | Alfredo de Zavala y Lafora | PRP | |
| 6 May 1935 | 30 December 1935 | Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa | Indep. | |
| 30 December 1935 | 19 February 1936 | Manuel Rico Avelló | Indep. | |
| 19 February 1936 | 13 May 1936 | Gabriel Franco López | IR | |
| 13 May 1936 | 4 September 1936 | Enrique Ramos Ramos | IR | |
| 4 September 1936 | 5 April 1938 | Juan Negrín López | PSOE | |
| 5 April 1938 | 1 April 1939 | Francisco Méndez Aspe | IR | |
| Francoism (1936–1975) |
3 October 1936 | 9 August 1939 | Andrés Amado Reygondaud | |
| 9 August 1939 | 20 May 1941 | José Larraz López | ||
| 20 May 1941 | 18 July 1951 | Joaquín Benjumea Burín | ||
| 18 July 1951 | 25 February 1957 | Francisco Gómez de Llano | ||
| 25 February 1957 | 7 July 1965 | Mariano Navarro Rubio | ||
| 7 July 1965 | 29 October 1969 | Juan José Espinosa San Martín | ||
| 29 October 1969 | 9 June 1973 | Alberto Monreal Luque | ||
| 9 June 1973 | 29 October 1974 | Antonio Barrera de Irimo | ||
| 29 October 1974 | 12 December 1975 | Rafael Cabello de Alba Gracia | ||
| Reign of Juan Carlos I (1975-2014) |
12 December 1975 | 5 July 1976 | Juan-Miguel Villar Mir | |
| 5 July 1976 | 4 July 1977 | Eduardo Carriles Galarraga | ||
| 4 July 1977 | 25 February 1978 | Francisco Fernández Ordóñez and Enrique Fuentes Quintana (1) |
UCD | Cst. (Suárez) |
| 25 February 1978 | 6 April 1979 | Francisco Fernández Ordóñez and Fernando Abril Martorell (2) |
UCD | |
| 6 April 1979 | 8 September 1980 | Jaime García Añoveros and Fernando Abril Martorell (1) and José Luis Leal Maldonado (2) |
UCD | I (Suárez/Calvo-Sotelo) |
| 8 September 1980 | 2 December 1982 | Jaime García Añoveros and Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1) until 26 February 1981 and Juan Antonio García Díez (3, 2) |
UCD | |
| 3 December 1982 | 6 July 1985 | Miguel Boyer Salvador (4) | PSOE | II (González) |
| 6 July 1985 | 13 July 1993 | Carlos Solchaga Catalán (4) | PSOE | II • III • IV (González) |
| 14 July 1993 | 5 May 1996 | Pedro Solbes Mira (4) | PSOE | V (González) |
| 6 May 1996 | 28 April 2000 | Rodrigo Rato Figaredo (4) | PP | VI (Aznar) |
| 28 April 2000 | 17 April 2004 | Rodrigo Rato Figaredo (2) and Cristóbal Montoro Romero (5) |
PP | VII (Aznar) |
| 18 April 2004 | 7 April 2009 | Pedro Solbes Mira (4) | PSOE | VIII • IX (Zapatero) |
| 7 April 2009 | 22 December 2011 | Elena Salgado Méndez[9] (4) | PSOE | IX (Zapatero) |
| Reign of Felipe VI (since 2014) | ||||
| 22 December 2011 | 1 June 2018 | Luis de Guindos Jurado (2) and Cristóbal Montoro Romero (5)[10] |
PP | X, XI and XII (Rajoy) |
| 7 June 2018 | Incumbent | Nadia Calviño (10) | Indep. | XII (Sánchez) |
(1) Minister of Economic Affairs
(2) Minister of the Economy
(3) Minister of the Economy and Commerce
(4) Minister of the Economy and Finance
(5) Minister of Finance
(6) Minister of the National Economy
(7) Secretary of State and of the Universal Bureau of Finance
(8) Secretary of the Universal Bureau of Finance
(9) Secretary of Justice, Political Government and Finance
(10) Minister of Economy and Business
References
- Ministry of Territorial Policy and Civil Service (2018). Statistical Bulletin of the personnel at the service of the Public Administrations (PDF). p. 48.
- "2021 State Budget" (PDF). www.boe.es. 4 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- "Royal Decree 403/2020, of February 25, which develops the basic organic structure of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation". boe.es. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- "Royal decree establishing in the Office of the Prime Minister a Council of the National Economy" (PDF).
- "Decree providing for the new denomination of the ministerial departments as of the date of the promulgation of this Decree" (PDF).
- "Royal Decree 1558/1977, of July 4, by which certain organs of the Central State Administration are restructured". www.boe.es. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
- "Royal Decree 415/2016, of November 3, by which the ministerial departments are restructured". www.boe.es. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
- "Royal Decree 139/2020, of January 28, which establishes the basic organic structure of the ministerial departments". boe.es. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
- "Ángel Gabilondo, Trinidad Jiménez y González-Sinde, principales novedades del Gobierno" [Ángel Gabilondo, Trinidad Jiménez and González-Sinde, the Main Changes to the Government]. El País (in Spanish). 7 April 2009. Archived from the original on 20 July 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2019.
- Elordi, Carlos (22 December 2011). "Un Gobierno de amigos y fieles" [A Government of Friends and Loyals]. El País (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 14 September 2018. Retrieved 13 March 2019.