Nazran

Nazran (Russian: Назра́нь; Ingush: Наьсаре, Näsare) is a town in the Republic of Ingushetia, Russia. It served as the republic's capital in 1991–2000, until it was replaced with Magas, which was specially built for this purpose. It is the most populous town in the republic: 93,335 (2010 Census);[1] 125,066 (2002 Census);[7] 18,246 (1989 Census).[8]

For other uses, see Nazran (disambiguation).
Nazran

Назрань
Town[1]
Other transcription(s)
 • IngushНаьсаре
Nazran
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Nazran
Nazran
Location of Nazran
Nazran
Nazran (Republic of Ingushetia)
Coordinates: 43°13′N 44°46′E
CountryRussia
Federal subjectIngushetia[1]
Founded1781[2]
Town status since1967[2]
Area
 • Total80 km2 (30 sq mi)
Elevation
200 m (700 ft)
Population
 • Total93,335
 • Estimate 
(2018)[3]
117,936 (+26.4%)
 • Rank183rd in 2010
 • Density1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
 • Subordinated totown of republic significance of Nazran[2]
 • Capital ofNazranovsky District, town of republic significance of Nazran[2]
 • Urban okrugNazran Urban Okrug[4]
 • Capital ofNazran Urban Okrug[4], Nazranovsky Municipal District[4]
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK [5])
Postal code(s)[6]
386100–386106, 386700, 386899
Dialing code(s)+7 87322
OKTMO ID26706000001
Websitewww.nazrangrad.ru

History

18th–20th centuries

Nazran was founded in the 18th century.[2] After becoming a military fortress in 1817, Nazran saw large numbers of Ingush population moving into it. It was granted town status in 1967.

During the Soviet period, Nazran was the administrative center of Nazranovsky District within the Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. After the Republic of Ingushetia and the Chechen Republic were separated in 1991, the town became the republic's capital. This brought about a sharp increase in population: while counting 18,246 inhabitants according to the 1989 Census,[9] during the 2002 Census Nazran had as many as 125,056 inhabitants.[10]

2004 rebel raid on Nazran
Main article: 2004 Nazran raid

In 2004, a force of Chechen and ethnic Ingush rebels carried out a large-scale raid on Ingushetia, led by Shamil Basayev. The overnight attacks targeted fifteen official buildings in Nazran, and at least three towns and villages located on the Baku-Rostov highway that crosses the republic from east to west.

The raid lasted nearly five hours, and the assailants - said to number 200 to 300 - withdrew almost unscathed; the raiders apparently lost only two men during the attacks. The rebels killed 67 members of security forces, including the republic's Interior Minister Abukar Kostoyev, his deputy Zyaudin Kotiev, top prosecutors, and other officials; they also captured and looted the MVD's armory and police depots. 25 civilians, including a local United Nations worker, were killed in the crossfire.

Federal Interior Minister Rashid Nurgaliyev met with General Vyacheslav Tikhomirov, the commander of Russia's Interior Ministry forces, and blamed them for the high number of deaths. Tikhomirov decided to resign after the meeting.

2008 protests

Widespread protests erupted in January 2008, with a strong government response. The disturbances appear to have been fueled by heavy-handed government and para-military activity, including abductions, arrests and murders.[11] Protesters demanded the resignation of President Zyazikov.

2009 bombing
Main article: 2009 Nazran bombing

In August 2009, a suicide bomber drove a truck filled with explosives into the Nazran police headquarters. Russian news agencies reported that 25 were killed in the attack, and roughly 140 were wounded. It is believed that more bodies may still be in the rubble, yet to be found. The police headquarters was completely destroyed in the attack, including up to 30 police vehicles and munition stores.[12]

Geography

Location

Nazran is located in the western area of Ingushetia, at the borders with Prigorodny Raion of North Ossetia-Alania. It also borders the raion of Nazranovsky; and the nearest settlements are Ekazhevo, the new town of Magas, and Barsuki. It is 27 km from the North Ossetian-Alanian capital city, Vladikavkaz, 19 from Karabulak and 54 from Malgobek.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Nazran serves as the administrative center of Nazranovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Nazran—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Nazran is incorporated as Nazran Urban Okrug.[4]

Climate

Nazran has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfb).

Climate data for Nazran
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 0.3
(32.5)		 1.7
(35.1)		 7.2
(45.0)		 15.2
(59.4)		 21.2
(70.2)		 24.9
(76.8)		 27.3
(81.1)		 26.8
(80.2)		 21.8
(71.2)		 15.3
(59.5)		 7.8
(46.0)		 2.6
(36.7)		 14.3
(57.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.6
(25.5)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 2.6
(36.7)		 9.1
(48.4)		 15.0
(59.0)		 18.7
(65.7)		 21.2
(70.2)		 20.6
(69.1)		 15.8
(60.4)		 9.9
(49.8)		 3.8
(38.8)		 −1.1
(30.0)		 9.1
(48.4)
Average low °C (°F) −7.5
(18.5)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −2.0
(28.4)		 3.1
(37.6)		 8.9
(48.0)		 12.6
(54.7)		 15.2
(59.4)		 14.5
(58.1)		 9.8
(49.6)		 4.6
(40.3)		 −0.2
(31.6)		 −4.8
(23.4)		 4.0
(39.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 26
(1.0)		 28
(1.1)		 41
(1.6)		 67
(2.6)		 106
(4.2)		 130
(5.1)		 99
(3.9)		 79
(3.1)		 59
(2.3)		 45
(1.8)		 39
(1.5)		 31
(1.2)		 750
(29.4)
Source: [13]

Transportation

Nazran is located on the M29 federal highway and has a railway station on the Rostov-on-Don–Baku line. Magas Airport serves the city and the near town of Magas.

Sport

FC Angusht Nazran is the city's association football club. Its home ground is the Rashid Aushev Central Stadium.

Twin towns
  • Memorial for the memory of victims of political oppressions in Nazran
  • Panoramic view
  • Railway station building
  • Cinema "Matritsa"

References

Notes
  1. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  2. "General Information" (in Russian). Irkutsk Oblast. Retrieved September 3, 2017.
  3. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
  4. Law #5-RZ
  5. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  6. Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  7. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  8. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  9. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  10. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  11. "Clashes erupt at Ingushetia rally" (BBC News, 26 January 2008)
  12. "Bombing kills 20 in Russian republic of Ingushetia" (Los Angeles Times, 18 August 2009)
  13. "Climate: Nazran". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved December 27, 2017.

Sources
  • Народное Собрание Республики Ингушетия. Закон №5-РЗ от 23 февраля 2009 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Республики Ингушетия и наделении их статусом сельского поселения, муниципального района и городского округа», в ред. Закона №9-РЗ от 4 марта 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Ингушетия "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Республики Ингушетия и наделении их статусом сельского поселения, муниципального района и городского округа"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ингушетия", №26–27, 3 марта 2009 г. (People's Assembly of the Republic of Ingushetia. Law #5-RZ of February 23, 2009 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Ingushetia and on Granting Them the Status of a Rural Settlement, Municipal District, and Urban Okrug, as amended by the Law #9-RZ of March 4, 2014 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Ingushetia "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of the Republic of Ingushetia and on Granting Them the Status of a Rural Settlement, Municipal District, and Urban Okrug". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.