Ornate tinamou

The ornate tinamou (Nothoprocta ornata) is a type of tinamou commonly found in the high altitude grassland and dry shrubland in subtropical and tropical regions of west central South America.[3]

Ornate tinamou
N. ornata observed in Peru
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Tinamiformes
Family: Tinamidae
Genus: Nothoprocta
Species:
N. ornata
Binomial name
Nothoprocta ornata
Subspecies[2]

N. o. ornata
(G. R. Gray, 1867)
N. o. branickii
(Taczanowski, 1875)
N. o. rostrata
(Berlepsch, 1907)

Synonyms

Nothoprocta kalinowskii

Etymology

Nothoprocta comes from two Greek words, nothos meaning spurious or counterfeit and prōktos meaning hindpart or tail. Experts are unsure, however, they believe that this refers to the hidden tail of this Genus behind body feathers.[4]

Taxonomy

All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.[5]

Kalinowski's tinamou Nothoprocta kalinowskii was considered a separate species but further research has deemed it a junior synonym of Nothoprocta ornata branickii, and the SACC voted to do just that on 14 Feb 2007.[6]

Subspecies

The ornate tinamou has three subspecies as follows:

Description
Illustration by Joseph Smit, 1895

The ornate tinamou is approximately 32 cm (13 in) in length. Its upper parts are brownish-grey marked with black and buff, it is tawny-buff below with darker barring. Its head and neck are buff with prominent black spots, its bill is slender and curved, and its legs are either yellow or grey.

Behavior

Like other tinamous, the ornate tinamou eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.[5]

Range

This species is native to the puna of central Peru and the Andes of southeastern Peru, western Bolivia, extreme northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina.[3]

Habitat

The ornate tinamou lives in high-altitude grassland. They also live in shrubland, both high and low elevation, and they are showing some success of living on farmland. They prefer elevations of 3,450 to 4,700 m (11,320–15,420 ft).[7]

Conservation

The IUCN list this species as Least Concern,[1] with an occurrence rang eof 740,000 km2 (290,000 sq mi).[7]

Footnotes
  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Nothoprocta ornata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. Brands, S. (2008)
  3. Clements, J. (2007)
  4. Gotch, A. F. (1995)
  5. Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
  6. Remsen Jr., J. V. (2007)
  7. BirdLife International (2008)

References
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