Orthopoxvirus inclusion bodies

Orthopoxvirus inclusion bodies are aggregates of stainable protein produced by poxvirus virions in the cell nuclei and/or cytoplasm of epithelial cells in humans. They are important as sites of viral replication.[1][2]

Morphology

Morphologically there are two types of Orthopoxvirus inclusion bodies, Type-A inclusion bodies and Guarnieri bodies. Type-A inclusion bodies are found only in certain poxviruses like cowpox.[3] The Guarnieri bodies are found in all poxvirus infections and their presence is diagnostic.[4] The diagnosis of an orthopoxvirus infection can also be made rapidly by electron microscopic examination of pustular fluid or scabs. However, all orthopoxviruses exhibit identical brick-shaped virions by electron microscopy.

Guarnieri bodies are named for Giuseppe Guarnieri, (1856-1918) an Italian physician who first described them.[5]

References
  1. Howard, AR; Moss, B (May 2012). "Formation of orthopoxvirus cytoplasmic A-type inclusion bodies and embedding of virions are dynamic processes requiring microtubules". J Virol. 86 (10): 5905–14. doi:10.1128/JVI.06997-11. PMC 3347259. PMID 22438543.
  2. Fenner, F., Witte, K.R., and Dumbell, K.R. The Orthopoxviruses. Academic Press, San Diego, 1989.
  3. Leite, JA; da Fonseca, FG; de Souza Trindade, G; Abrahão, JS; Arantes, RM; de Almeida-Leite, CM; Santos, JR; Guedes, MI; Ribeiro, BM; Bonjardim, CA; Ferreira, PC; Kroon, EG (Apr 2011). "A-type inclusion bodies: a factor influencing cowpox virus lesion pathogenesis". Arch Virol. 156 (4): 617–28. doi:10.1007/s00705-010-0900-0. PMID 21212997. S2CID 33135261.
  4. Riedel S (January 2005). "Smallpox and biological warfare: a disease revisited". Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 18 (1): 13–20. doi:10.1080/08998280.2005.11928026. PMC 1200695. PMID 16200143.
  5. Forbis, Pat; Bartolucci, Susan L.; Stedman, Thomas Lathrop (2005). Stedman's medical eponyms. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 294. ISBN 0-7817-5443-7.
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