Parastylonurus

Parastylonurus is a genus of prehistoric eurypterid. It is classified within the Parastylonuridae family and contains three species, P. hendersoni and P. ornatus from the Silurian of Scotland and P. sigmoidalis from the Silurian of England.[1]

Parastylonurus Temporal range: Silurian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Restoration of the sixth limb of P. ornatus.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Order:	†Eurypterida
Superfamily:	†Stylonuroidea
Family:	†Parastylonuridae
Genus:	†Parastylonurus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
Species
†P. hendersoni Waterston, 1979 †P. ornatus Laurie, 1892 (type species) †?P. sigmoidalis Kjellesvig-Waering, 1971

Description

Parastylonurus was a stylonuroid of small to medium size with a rounded prosoma wider than it was long. The eyes were located on the anterior half of the carapace and the metasoma was very long. The first three walking legs were very short with single opposable spines on every joint. The last two walking legs were very long, reaching to the last tergite. The opisthosoma was narrow and undifferentiated and the telson was spike-like.[2]

Classification

Parastylonurus can be differentiated from the closely related Stylonurus in that it lacks the distinct trilobation present in Stylonurus and by the position of the eyes.[2]

Species

Parastylonurus contains three valid species,[1] with other named species now seen as invalid or as part of other genera.

• Parastylonurus hendersoni Waterston, 1979 - Pentland Hills, Scotland (Silurian)
• Parastylonurus ornatus Laurie, 1892 - Scotland (Silurian)
• Parastylonurus? sigmoidalis Kjellesvig-Waering, 1971 - Shropshire, England (Silurian)

Invalid or reassigned species are listed below:

• "Parastylonurus" beecheri[2] Hall, 1884 - Pennsylvania, USA (Devonian), reclassified as a species of Stylonurella.[1]
• "Parastylonurus" macrophthalmus[2] Laurie, 1892 - Pentland Hills, Scotland (Silurian), reclassified as a species of Hardieopterus.[1]
• "Parastylonurus" megalops[2] Salter, 1859 - Herefordshire, England (Silurian), reclassified as a species of Hardieopterus.[1]
• "Parastylonurus" myops[2] Clarke, 1907 - Eastern USA (Silurian), reclassified as a species of Hardieopterus.[1]
• "Parastylonurus" rusti[3] Ruedemann, 1926 - New York, USA (Ordovician), a pseudofossil.[1]

See also

• List of eurypterids

References

1. Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2015. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 16.0 http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/resources/fossils/Fossils16.0.pdf (PDF).
2. "Page:A Revision of the Families and Genera of the Stylonuracea (Eurypterida).djvu/16 - Wikisource, the free online library". en.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
3. "Page:A Revision of the Families and Genera of the Stylonuracea (Eurypterida).djvu/17 - Wikisource, the free online library". en.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2017-12-17.