Phytomyza ranunculi

Phytomyza ranunculi is a species of fly in the family Agromyzidae. It is found in the Palearctic .[1][2][3]

Phytomyza ranunculi
Phytomyza ranunculi Netherlands
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Agromyzidae
Genus: Phytomyza
Species:
P. ranunculi
Binomial name
Phytomyza ranunculi
(Schrank, 1803)

Life cycle
Phytomyza ranunculi leaf mine

Eggs are laid on plants in the Ranunculaceae family. The larvae are, primarily, leaf-miners. They form a long, conspicuous white mine with the frass present in close strings.[4]

In 2018 the first confirmed adults were reared from stem-mines of Ranunculus acris. This is a rare example of 'organoxeny', where a phytophagous insecy occurs on a different part of a plant from where it can normally be found .[5]

The larvae pupates into a greyish or brown puparium, with posterior spiracles each with about 18-20 bulbs.[4] Adult flies are approximately 2 mm in length. Adults are highly variable in colour, with several named variants including a pale form (P. ranunculi var. flava) and dark forms (P. ranunculi var. flavoscutellata and var. islandica).[5]

Distribution

The fly is widespread throughout Europe.[4]

Parasitoids

P. ranunculi pupae are particularly at risk from parasitism. Up to 75% of all reared puparium have been shown to be parasitised.[5]

Parasitoids of this species include numerous species in the hymenoptera superfamilies Chalcidoidea and Ichneumonoidea:[4]

  • Chrysocharis idyia (Walker, 1839)
  • Chrysocharis orbicularis (Nees, 1834)
  • Chrysocharis pentheus (Walker, 1839)
  • Chrysocharis pubicornis (Zetterstedt, 1838)
  • Chrysocharis viridis (Nees, 1934)
  • Pediobius metallicus (Nees, 1834)
  • Cirrospilus vittatus Walker, 1838
  • Diglyphus chabrias (Walker, 1838)
  • Diglyphus isaea (Walker, 1838)
  • Diglyphus minoeus (Walker, 1838)
  • Diglyphus pusztensis (Erdös and Novicky, 1951)
  • Hemiptarsenus ornatus (Nees, 1834)
  • Hemiptarsenus unguicellus (Zetterstedt, 1838)
  • Necremnus tidius (Walker, 1839)
  • Pnigalio soemius (Walker, 1839)
  • Miscogaster elegans Walker, 1833
  • Miscogaster maculata Walker, 1833
  • Stenomalina gracilis (Walker, 1934)
  • Epiclerus panyas (Walker, 1839)
  • Chorebus kama (Nixon, 1945)
  • Coloneura stylata Förster, 1862
  • Dacnusa areolaris (Nees, 1811)
  • Dacnusa confinis Ruthe, 1859
  • Dacnusa laeta (Nixon, 1954)
  • Dacnusa laevipectus Thomson, 1895
  • Dacnusa macrospila (Haliday, 1839)
  • Dacnusa maculipes Thomson, 1895
  • Dacnusa melicerta (Nixon, 1954)
  • Dacnusa sibirica Telenga, 1935
  • Dapsilarthra sylvia (Haliday, 1839)
  • Exotela gilvipes (Haliday, 1839)
  • Grammospila rufiventris (Nees, 1812)
  • Colastes braconius Haliday, 1833
  • Apodesmia posticatae (Fischer, 1957)
  • Opius pallipes Wesmael, 1835
  • Opius orbiculator (Nees, 1811)


References
  1. Fauna Europaea
  2. Bei-Bienko, G.Y. & Steyskal, G.C. (1988) Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Parts I, II. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi.ISBN 81-205-0080-6 ISBN 81-205-0081-4
  3. Séguy, E. (1934) Diptères: Brachycères. II. Muscidae acalypterae, Scatophagidae. Paris: Éditions Faune de France 28 Bibliotheque Virtuelle Numerique pdf
  4. "Phytomyza ranunculi (Schrank, 1803) [Diptera: Agromyzidae]". UK Fly Mines. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  5. Warrington, Barry P. (2019). "Organoxeny within Phytomyza ranunculi (Schrank) (Diptera, Agromyzidae) larvae". Dipterists Digest. 26: 5–12.
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