Protographium thyastes

Protographium thyastes
	Illustration by Dru Drury
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Genus:	Protographium
Species:	P. thyastes
Binomial name
	Protographium thyastes; (Drury, 1782) [1]
Synonyms
	Papilio thyastes Drury, 1782; Iphiclides diaphorus Hübner, [1821]; Papilio marchandii Boisduval, 1836; Papilio thyastinus Oberthür, 1879; Papilio thyastes zoros Rothschild & Jordan, 1906; Papilio marchandi var. panamensis Oberthür, 1879; Eurytides occidentalis Maza, 1982;

Protographium thyastes is a species of butterfly found in the Neotropical realm.

Subspecies

P. t. thyastes Mato Grosso - Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul (southeast Brazil) northeast Paraguay
P. t. marchandii Boisduval, 1836 Puebla, Veracruz, Tabasco, Oaxaca, Chiapas (east Mexico), Belize, Guatemala, Honduras
P. t. thyastinus (Oberthür, 1879) east of the Andes (southeast Ecuador, southeast Colombia), Peru, north Bolivia, Amazonas
P. t. panamensis (Oberthür, 1879) Costa Rica, west Colombia, northwest Ecuador, Panama.
P. t. occidentalis Maza, 1982 southwest Mexico (Guerrero, El Faisanal, Nueva Delhi)

Description

Forewing with complete or interrupted yellow discal band and hindwing with large yellow discal area: underside of the hindwing with red discal line. Ecuador to Bolivia; Brazil.

thyastinus Oberthur. The submarginal spots between the 2. and 3. radial of the forewing separated by a corresponding discal spot, discal band usually interrupted at the 3. radial, the 1. submarginal spot is absent or small. Eastern slopes of the Andes from North Ecuador to Central Peru, Upper Amazon.

zoros R. & J. [synonym of thyastinus] Like the preceding; the 1. submarginal spot of the forewing sharply- defined; the discal spot between 2. radial and 1. median usually truncate distally, the upper angle not rounded. South-East Peru and Bolivia.

thyastes Drury (= diaphorus Hbn.) Paler yellow than the Andes forms; discal band of the forewing not interrupted, or only very slightly, the submarginal spot between the 2. and 3. radials quite close to the discal spot or partly merged with it; the black discal area of the hindwing not entering the cell. Southern Brazil, only known from São Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul. [2]

Status

Not uncommon and not threatened.[3]

References

Protographium at Funet
Karl Jordan, 1916 Papilio In A. Seitz (editor), Macrolepidoptera of the world, vol. 5: 617–738. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen also available as pdf
Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

External links

Butterflies of the Americas marchandii images
Butterflies of the Americas occidentalis images of holotype
Butterflies of the Americas panamensis images

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[1] Protographium at Funet

[2] Karl Jordan, 1916 Papilio In A. Seitz (editor), Macrolepidoptera of the world, vol. 5: 617–738. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen also available as pdf

[3] Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.