Provincial governments of Nepal

The seven provinces of Nepal are governed by provincial governments which form the second layer of government, between the federal government and the local government. The provincial governments are established, and their structure defined, by Part 13 of the Constitution of Nepal.

Legislature

Each province has a unicameral provincial legislature, varying in size according to the population of the province. The members are elected through first-past-the-post voting and party-list proportional representation for a term of five years, unless dissolved sooner. The most recent provincial election was held on 24 November and 7 December, 2017. The alliance of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) and Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) won a majority in six provinces, while the alliance of Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal and Rastriya Janata Party Nepal won a majority in one province.

Legislature	Seats
	NCP	NC	PSP-N	Others	Total
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 1	67	21	3	2[lower-alpha 1]	93
Provincial Assembly of Province No. 2	32	19	55	1[lower-alpha 2]	107
Provincial Assembly of Bagmati	80	22	1	7[lower-alpha 3]	110
Provincial Assembly of Gandaki	40	15	2	3[lower-alpha 4]	60
Provincial Assembly of Lumbini	61	19	6	1[lower-alpha 5]	87
Provincial Assembly of Karnali	32	6	0	1[lower-alpha 6]	40
Provincial Assembly of Sudurpashchim	38	12	2	1[lower-alpha 7]	53

1. Includes 1 RPP & 1 SLRM MPAs
2. Includes 1 NFSP MPA
3. Include 3 BSP, 2 NMKP & 2 RPP MPAs
4. Includes 3 RJM MPAs
5. Includes 1 RJM MPA
6. Includes 1 RPP MPA
7. Includes 1 Independent MPA

Executive

Provincial governments as of April 2020

The head of the provincial government is the Chief Minister, who is the parliamentary party leader of the party with the majority or the highest number of seats in the assembly. The assembly can force the resignation of the Chief Minister with a vote of no confidence.

Current Chief Ministers of Nepal

Province	Name	Party		Took office
Province No. 1	Sher Dhan Rai[1]		Nepal Communist Party	15 February 2018
Province No. 2	Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	14 February 2018
Bagmati	Dormani Poudel[3]		Nepal Communist Party	11 February 2018
Gandaki	Prithvi Subba Gurung[4]		Nepal Communist Party	12 February 2018
Lumbini	Shankar Pokharel[5]		Nepal Communist Party	14 February 2018
Karnali	Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
Sudurpashchim	Trilochan Bhatta[7]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018

The Chief Minister appoints a Provincial Cabinet. The members of the Provincial Cabinet are responsible for the various departments of the provincial administration.

Cabinet of Province No. 1

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning Minister for Social Development	Sher Dhan Rai[8]		Nepal Communist Party	14 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Hikmat Karki[8]		Nepal Communist Party	15 February 2018
3	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Jagadish Prasad Kusiyat[8]		Nepal Communist Party	15 February 2018
4	State Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Ambir Babu Gurung		Nepal Communist Party	19 January 2020[9]
5	State Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Ram Bahadur Magar		Nepal Communist Party	19 January 2020[9]
6	State Minister for Social Development	Jasmaya Gajmer		Nepal Communist Party	19 January 2020[9]
7	State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Bijay Kumar Biswas		Nepal Communist Party	19 January 2020[9]

Cabinet of Province No. 2

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister	Mohammad Lalbabu Raut[2]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	14 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Gyanendra Kumari Yadav[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
3	Minister for Social Development	Nawal Kishore Sah[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
4	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Ram Naresh Rae[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
5	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Shailendra Prasad Sah[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
6	Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Jitendra Prasad Sonal[11]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	15 February 2018
7	Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Bijay Kumar Yadav[11]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	15 February 2018
8	State Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Yogendra Ray Yadav[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
9	State Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Saroj Kumar Singh[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
10	State Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Usha Yadav[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	1 March 2018
11	State Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Suresh Kumal Mandal[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	25 July 2018
12	State Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Dimpal Kumari Jha[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	25 July 2018
13	State Minister for Social Development	Abhiram Sharma[10]		People's Socialist Party, Nepal	25 July 2018

Cabinet of Bagmati Province

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister Minister for Internal Affairs and Law Minister for Social Development Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Dormani Poudel[3]		Nepal Communist Party	12 February 2018
2	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Dawa Dorje Lama[10]		Nepal Communist Party	1 March 2018
3	Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Rameshwor Phuyal[12]		Nepal Communist Party	17 February 2019
4	Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Kailash Dhungel[10]		Nepal Communist Party	1 March 2018

Cabinet of Gandaki Province

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister	Prithvi Subba Gurung[4]		Nepal Communist Party	12 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Hari Bahadur Chuman[13]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
3	Minister for Social Development	Nar Devi Pun[14]		Nepal Communist Party	26 March 2018
4	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Bikas Lamsal[14]		Nepal Communist Party	26 March 2018
5	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Lekh Bahadur Thapa Magar[13]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
6	Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Ram Sharan Basnet[13]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
7	Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Kiran Gurung[14]		Nepal Communist Party	26 March 2018

Cabinet of Lumbini Province

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Shankar Pokharel[5]		Nepal Communist Party	14 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Kul Prasad KC[15]		Nepal Communist Party	15 February 2018
3	Minister for Social Development	Sudarshan Baral[16]		Nepal Communist Party	20 March 2018
4	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Lila Giri[16]		Nepal Communist Party	20 March 2018
5	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Arati Paudel[16]		Nepal Communist Party	20 March 2018
6	Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Baijanath Chaudhary[15]		Nepal Communist Party	15 February 2018

Cabinet of Karnali Province

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development	Mahendra Bahadur Shahi[6]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Naresh Bhandari[17]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
3	Minister for Social Development	Dal Bahadur Rawal[17]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
4	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Nanda Singh Budha[17]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
5	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Bimala KC[17]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
6	Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Prakash Jwala[17]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018

Cabinet of Sudurpashchim Province

S.N.	Portfolio	Holder	Party		Took office
1	Chief Minister Minister for Physical Infrastructure and Development Minister for Economic Affairs and Planning	Trilochan Bhatta[7]		Nepal Communist Party	16 February 2018
2	Minister for Internal Affairs and Law	Prakash Bahadur Shah[18]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
3	Minister for Social Development	Krishna Raj Subedi [19]		Nepal Communist Party	13 November 2018
4	Minister for Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment	Maya Bhatta[18]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018
5	Minister for Land Management, Agriculture and Co-operatives	Binita Chaudhary[18]		Nepal Communist Party	18 February 2018

Judiciary

The former appellate courts were changed into High Courts after the adoption of the new constitution.[20]

High Courts of Nepal

S.N.	High Court	Primary seat	Extended Bench	Jurisdiction	Chief Judge	Website
1	Biratnagar High Court	Biratnagar	Dhankuta, Ilam, Okhaldhunga	Province No. 1	Til Prasad Shrestha[21]
2	Janakpur High Court	Janakpur	Birgunj[lower-alpha 1], Rajbiraj	Province No. 2	Prakash Chandra Gajurel (interim)
3	Patan High Court	Lalitpur	Hetauda	Bagmati	Kumar Chudal
4	Pokhara High Court	Pokhara	Baglung	Gandaki	Kishore Silwal (interim)[22]
5	Tulsipur High Court	Tulsipur	Butwal, Nepalgunj	Lumbini	Ramesh Pokharel[23]
6	Surkhet High Court	Birendranagar	Jumla	Karnali	Nahakul Subedi
7	Dipayal High Court	Dipayal	Mahendranagar	Sudurpashchim	Sheshraj Sivakoti[24]

1. Temporary bench

See also

• Government of Nepal
• Council of Ministers of Nepal
• Provinces of Nepal
• List of current Nepalese governors

References

1. "Sher Dhan Rai appointed Province 1 Chief Minister - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
2. "Lalbabu Raut appointed as Chief Minister of Province-2". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
3. "UML PP leader Dor Mani Paudel appointed CM of Province 3". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-11. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
4. "Prithvi Subba Gurung appointed as Province 4 CM - The Himalayan Times". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-12. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
5. "Shankar Pokharel appointed Province 5 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
6. "Shahi appointed Province 6 CM". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
7. "Trilochan Bhatta becomes Province 7 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
8. "Rai sworn in as Province 1 chief minister". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
9. "प्रदेश १ मा थपिए चार राज्यमन्त्री". Online Khabar. Retrieved 2020-11-22.
10. "Cabinets of Province 2 and 3 expanded". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
11. "Gaddhi sworn in as Province 2 CM, Sonal, Yadav get ministries". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
12. श्रेष्ठ, अशोकसुजन. "भौतिक विकास मन्त्री फुयाँलले लिए सपथ". Nagarik News. Retrieved 2020-02-17.
13. "Province 4 has four-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
14. "CM Gurung expands Cabinet in Prov 4". The Himalayan Times. 2018-03-26. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
15. "Province 1, 2 and 5 chief ministers take oath". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
16. "Province 5 CM expands Cabinet". Retrieved 2018-03-31.
17. "Province 6 Cabinet gets full shape". The Himalayan Times. 2018-02-19. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
18. "Province 7 gets seven-member cabinet". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
19. "Subedi new Social Development Minister of Sudurpachim Province". kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Retrieved 2019-01-02.
20. "Govt designates all 7 high courts". My Republica. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
21. "High court overrules lower court's order to release Giri on bail". The Himalayan Times. 2020-01-24. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
22. "उच्च अदालत पोखरा". supremecourt.gov.np. Retrieved 2020-11-10.
23. "Three judges transferred". The Himalayan Times. 2019-07-30. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
24. "उच्च अदालत दिपायल". supremecourt.gov.np. Retrieved 2020-11-10.