San Lorenzo Creek

San Lorenzo Creek (Spanish: Arroyo de San Lorenzo) is a 10.7-mile-long (17.2 km)[3] year-round natural stream flowing through Hayward, California, into San Francisco Bay at the Hayward Regional Shoreline.

Creek and foliage, downtown Hayward
View from bridge, downtown Hayward
San Lorenzo Creek Trail entrance
San Lorenzo Creek
Arroyo de San Salvador de Horta, Arroyo de la Harina[1][2]
EtymologySpanish
Native nameSpanish: Arroyo de San Lorenzo
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionAlameda County
CityHayward, California
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationeast of Hayward, California
 • coordinates[2]
Source confluenceconfluence
 • locationat Palomares Creek and Eden Canyon Creek
 • coordinates37°41′45″N 122°01′33″W
MouthSan Francisco Bay
 • location
Hayward Regional Shoreline
 • coordinates
37°40′13″N 122°09′46″W[2]
 • elevation
0 ft (0 m)
Basin features
Tributaries 
 • leftCrow Creek, Castro Valley Creek
 • rightSulphur Creek (diversion)

Watershed

The creek begins in Castro Valley, and is the main tributary within the San Lorenzo Watershed, including the formerly independent Sulphur Creek, which had most of its flow diverted into San Lorenzo Creek in the 1960s to reduce the risk of flooding in downtown Hayward. Only in large flow events does some of the creek flow follow its old course into the Bay.[4][5] The creek runs through the town of San Lorenzo and empties into San Francisco Bay. A portion of the San Francisco Bay Trail runs along the mouth of the creek.[6] The Cull Canyon and Don Castro reservoirs, both located within regional parks, feed into the creek.[7]

History

The creek marks the farthest northward point of exploration by the Portolá expedition of 1769–70. Scouts camped at the creek before turning back to join the main party on the west side of the bay. Further explorations, led by Monterey presidio commander Pedro Fages in 1770 and 1772, also used the camp before continuing to the north.[8]

From records dating to 1772, the creek was previously known to Spanish colonists as Arroyo de San Salvador de Horta, and Arroyo de la Harina. The current name for the creek, Arroyo de San Lorenzo, dates to at least 1812, and was recorded as such in land grants from 1841 and 1842.[1][2]

El Camino Viejo now Mission Boulevard, passed through what is now San Lorenzo, California, crossing San Lorenzo Creek where Mission Boulevard crosses it now.

Ecology

San Lorenzo Creek historically supported steelhead (the anadromous form of the coastal rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus), ,[9] and other salmonids.[10] A 1997 paper states that, due to reasons tied to the ever increasing urbanization, dams, and their effect on the area, no sign of juvenile nor mature steelhead could be found in the creek.[9] Since steelhead in the Bay Area and California's Central Coast were listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1997, numerous organizations, and governmental agencies have cooperated on restoration projects to allow migratory fish from the Bay to reach spawning habitat in various Bay Area watersheds.[11]

See also

References
  1. Erwin G. Gudde, William Bright (2004). California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. University of California Press. p. 339. Retrieved 2011-01-15.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: San Lorenzo Creek
  3. U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed March 15, 2011
  4. San Lorenzo Creek Watershed
  5. San Lorenzo Creek: Neighboring Creeks
  6. Bay Trail, San Leandro: San Lorenzo Creek to Marina Park Archived 2010-11-16 at the Wayback Machine
  8. Merriman, Frank; Brown, Alan K. (1969). Who discovered the Golden Gate? The explorers' own accounts, how they discovered a hidden harbor and at last found its entrance. San Mateo, Calif.: San Mateo County Historical Association. pp. 19–21. Retrieved 2017-09-16.
  9. "ASSESSMENT OF STEELHEAD PRESENCE AND HABITAT IN SAN LORENZO CREEK WATERSHED; A University Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, Hayward; By Lawrence Patrick Kobernus; December, 1998" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-01-11.
  10. "Historic and Current Status of Fish in San Lorenzo Creek Watershed". 2003. Retrieved 2018-01-11.
  11. Matthew Artz (2010-06-24). "Steelhead trout, salmon closer to Alameda Creek return". Oakland Tribune. Retrieved 2018-01-11.
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