Surat district

Surat is a district in the state of Gujarat India with Surat city as the administrative headquarters of this district. It is surrounded by Bharuch, Narmada (North), Navsari (South) districts and east Tapi district To the west is the Gulf of Cambay. It is the second-most advanced district in Gujarat. It had a population of 6,081,322 of which 79.68% were urban as of 2011. On 2 October 2007 Surat district was split into two by the creation of a new Tapi district, under the Surat District Re-organisation Act 2007.

This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Surat.
Surat district
district
Location of district in Gujarat
Country India
StateGujarat
HeadquartersSurat
Area
 • Total4,418 km2 (1,706 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[1][2]
 • Total6,081,322
 • Rank12 of 640 in India
2 of 33 in Gujarat
 • Density1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi)
Languages
 • OfficialGujarati, Hindi, English
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationGJ 05, GJ 19 & GJ 28
Websitesurat.gujarat.gov.in

As of 2011 it is the 12th most populous district of India (out of 640), and the second most populous district of Gujarat (out of 33) after Ahmadabad.[1][2]

As of 2011, 79.74% of Surat's population is urban and 20.26% of its population is rural. Scheduled tribes are 14.1% of its population and scheduled castes are 2.6% of its population.[3]

Map of Surat district, Bombay Presidency, British India 1877

Geography

Surat District's total area is 4,418 km 2, and the density of Surat District was 1,376 per km 2 at the 2011 Census. The region has the highest population density in the State, followed by Ahmedabad region.

Climate

Surat has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: Aw),moderated strongly by the Sea to the Gulf of Cambay. The summer begins in early March and lasts until June. April and May are the hottest months, the average maximum temperature being 37 °C (99 °F). Monsoon begins in late June and the city receives about 1,200 millimetres (47 in) of rain by the end of September, with the average maximum being 32 °C (90 °F) during those months. October and November see the retreat of the monsoon and a return of high temperatures until late November. Winter starts in December and ends in late February, with average mean temperatures of around 23 °C (73 °F), and negligible rain.

Since the 20th century, Surat has experienced some 20 floods.[4] In 1968, most parts of the city were flooded and in 1994 a flood caused a country-wide plague outbreak, Surat being the epicenter. In 1998, 30 per cent of Surat had gone under water due to flooding in Tapti river following release of water from Ukai dam located 90 km from Surat and in Aug, 2006 more than 95 per cent of the city was under Tapti river waters, killing more than 120 people, stranding tens of thousands in their homes without food or electricity and closing businesses and schools for weeks.[5][4]

Climate data for Surat, Gujarat (1932–1980)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Source 1: Sistema de Clasificación Bioclimática Mundial[6]
Source 2: World Climate Guide (sunshine only)[7]

Industry at a Glance
Industry and data
No Head Unit Particulars
1 REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL UNIT Number 52,252
2 TOTAL INDUSTRIAL UNIT Number 52,252
3 REGISTERED MEDIUM & LARGE UNIT Number 805
4 ESTIMATED AVERAGE NO. OF DAILY & WORKER EMPLOYED IN SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES Number 1,45,527
5 EMPLOYMENT IN LARGE & MEDIUM INDUSTRIES Number 1,68,987
6 NO. OF INDUSTRIAL AREA Number 10
7 TURNOVER OF SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES Rs. (in Lacs) 6,180
8 TURNOVER OF MEDIUM & LARGE SCALE INDUSTRIES Rs. (in Lacs) 34,862

The above details has been taken from Brief Industrial Profile of Surat District[8]

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901462,643—    
1911494,771+0.67%
1921496,671+0.04%
1931546,018+0.95%
1941658,719+1.89%
1951781,625+1.73%
1961984,689+2.34%
19711,329,422+3.05%
19811,965,240+3.99%
19912,770,921+3.50%
20014,275,540+4.43%
20116,081,322+3.59%
source:[9]

According to the 2011 census Surat district has a population of 6,081,322,[1] roughly equal to the nation of El Salvador[10] or the US state of Missouri.[11] This gives it a ranking of 12th in India (out of a total of 640).[1] The district has a population density of 1,376 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,560/sq mi) .[1] Its population growth rate was 42.24% over the decade 2001–2011 and 54.30% over the decade 1991–2001.[12] Surat has a sex ratio of 788 females for every 1000 males,[1] and a literacy rate of 86.5%.[1]

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 60.08% of the population in the district spoke Gujarati, 22.88% Hindi, 8.03% Marathi, 2.60% Odia, 2.47% Urdu, 1.80% Bhili and 0.58% Telugu as their first language.[13]

Culture

Places of tourist interest in Surat are the old fort build by Muhammad- Bin- Tughlaq, the Unai hot spring, the beautiful beaches of Ubhrat, Dumas and Tithal, the villages of Bardoli and Dandi where Gandhiji started Satyagraha movement and Dandi march respectively. The Vansada National Park in Surat is famous for the wild boars, leopards, tigers, panther it houses.[14]

Notable personalities

See also

References
  1. "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  2. "Districts of Gujarat".
  3. "Surat District Population, Caste, Religion Data (Gujarat) – Census 2011". Census 2011.
  4. "What Surat learned from a preventable flood | Citiscope". citiscope.org. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  5. "State fails to find solution to Surat floods – Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  6. "INDIA – SURAT". Centro de Investigaciones Fitosociológicas. Retrieved 2011-09-24.
  7. "Surat Climate Guide". World Climate Guide. Retrieved 2011-09-24.
  8. "Profile of Surat District" (PDF).
  9. Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  10. US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. El Salvador 6,071,774 July 2011 est.
  11. "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Missouri 5,988,927
  12. "Surat District : Census 2011 data". Census 2011.
  13. 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue
  14. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-01-11. Retrieved 2010-01-11.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. Basic Information about Gunvant Shah

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