Timeline of Atlanta

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

19th century

• 1821 – Creek Indians cede land that is now Metro Atlanta per treaty.[1]
• 1839 – Settlement of "Terminus" established (at what would be end of Western and Atlantic Railroad).[2]
• 1843 – Town of Marthasville incorporated.[1]
• 1845
  • Georgia Railroad (Augusta-Marthasville) begins operating.[1]
  • Marthasville renamed "Atlanta."[1]
• 1846 – Macon & Western RR connects Atlanta with port of Savannah.[1]
• 1847 – Town of Atlanta incorporated.[3]
• 1848 - Moses Formwalt becomes mayor.
• 1849 - Benjamin Bomar becomes mayor.
• 1850
  • Population: 2,572
  • Atlanta Cemetery founded.[1]
• 1851 - Western and Atlantic Railroad connects Atlanta to The Midwest.[4]
• 1852 - Atlanta & West Point Railroad built.[1]
• 1853 - Atlanta becomes seat of Fulton County.[1]
• 1855
  • Atlanta Medical College established.[5]
  • Gas lighting installed in city.[6]
• 1860
  • Population: 9,554.[7]
  • William Ezzard becomes mayor (1860 - 1861).
• 1861
  • Jared Whitaker becomes mayor (1861 - 1861 - joined CSA government).
  • Thomas Lowe becomes mayor (1861 - 1862).
• 1864
  • James Calhoun becomes mayor (1862 - 1866).
  • May–September: Union forces wage Atlanta Campaign.
  • September 2: Union forces take city.[8]
  • November 15: Burning of Atlanta by Union forces.[2]
  • Nov. 26: Col. Luther J. Glenn is appointed commander of the Atlanta Post.[9]^:182
  • Dec. 5: Cap. Thomas L. Dodd is appointed the Provost-Marshal.[9]^:182
  • Dec 7: Gen. W. P. Howard sends his report to Governor Brown on the destruction of Atlanta.[9]^:182–185[10]^:407–412
• 1865
  • Civil War ends; slaves freed.
  • Atlanta University, first Atlanta black college, founded.
• 1867 - Young Men's Library Association founded.[11]
• 1868
  • Atlanta becomes Georgia state capital.[1]
  • Constitution newspaper begins publication.[12]
• 1869 - Clark College founded.
• 1870 - Population: 21,789.[7]
• 1871
  • Horse-drawn streetcar begins operating.[1][13]
  • Public school system organized.[5]
• 1877 - Washington Seminary established.
• 1878 - Southern Medical College established.[5]
• 1879
  • Augusta Institute moves from Augusta to Atlanta and is renamed Atlanta Baptist Seminary.[14]
  • Atlanta Building and Loan Association established.[15]
• 1880
  • Abyssinian Library established.[16]
  • Population: 37,409; Atlanta surpasses Savannah as Georgia's largest city.[7]
• 1881
  • Atlanta Baptist Female Seminary and Morris Brown Colored College founded.
  • International Cotton Exposition held.[5]
• 1882 - Atlanta Fire Rescue Department established.
• 1883
  • Atlanta Journal newspaper begins publication.[12]
  • Capital City Club established.
• 1885 - Georgia Institute of Technology founded.
• 1886
  • Ebenezer Baptist Church founded.[17]
  • Atlanta goes "dry".
  • Coca-Cola beverage introduced.[18]
• 1887
  • Piedmont Exposition held.[5]
  • Piedmont Driving Club[19] and Inman Park (first garden suburb) founded.
  • Coca-Cola invents the coupon.
• 1888 - Atlanta Camera Club organized.[20]
• 1889
  • First electric streetcars enable further expansion of city.
  • Georgia State Capitol building opens.[5]
  • Grant Park and Atlanta Zoo[21] established.
  • Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills is incorporated.
• 1890 - Population: 65,533.[7]
• 1891 - Atlanta Consolidated Street Railway in business.
• 1892 - Grady Memorial Hospital opens.[5]
• 1895
  • Cotton States and International Exposition held.[5]
  • September: Booker T. Washington gives "Atlanta Compromise" Speech.[22]
  • Atlanta Woman's Club founded.
• 1896 - Atlanta Conference of the Study of Negro Problems begins.[23]
• 1899 - Federal penitentiary established.[2]
• 1900 - Population: 89,872;[7] metro 419,375.

20th century

1900s-1940s

• 1901 - Atlanta Theological Seminary established.[5]
• 1902 - Carnegie Library opens.[24]
• 1904 - Atlanta Art Association formed.[25]
• 1905
  • Atlanta School of Medicine[5] and Associated Charities of Atlanta[5] founded.
  • Atlanta Mutual Insurance Association in business.[26][27]
• 1906 - September 22: Atlanta Race Riot kills 27.[28]
• 1907 - Atlanta Conservatory of Music founded.[13]
• 1908 - Atlanta Neighborhood Union organized.[23]
• 1909 - Architectural Arts League of Atlanta organized.[25]
• 1910
  • Population: 154,839;[7] metro 522,442.
  • Restaurants segregated; other Jim Crow laws follow.
• 1911 - Atlanta Debutante Club founded.[19]
• 1913
  • Georgia Tech starts "evening college", now Georgia State.
  • Augusta Institute established founded in 1867 is renamed Morehouse College.
• 1914
  • Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta established.[29]
  • Labor strike at Fulton Bag and Cotton Mills.[30]
• 1915
  • Emory College relocated to Atlanta.
  • November: Birth of a Nation film premieres.
  • Ku Klux Klan refounded in Atlanta.[27][31]
• 1916
  • Streetcar strike.[32]
  • Utopian Literary Club[26] and Atlanta Junior League[19] founded.
• 1917 - Great Atlanta fire.
• 1918 - 1918 influenza epidemic.[33]
• 1919 - Commission on Interracial Cooperation active.[27]
• 1920
  • Butler Street YMCA opens.[34]
  • Population: 200,616; metro 622,283.[7]
• 1921 - Atlanta Junior Chamber (JCI Atlanta) established.
• 1922 - WSB radio begins broadcasting.[35]
• 1923 - Spring Street Viaduct opens, downtown rises above train tracks.
• 1926 - Atlanta Historical Society founded.
• 1927 - Atlanta Historical Bulletin begins publication.
• 1928 - Atlanta World newspaper begins publication.
• 1929
  • Atlanta University Center Consortium established.
  • City Hall built.[2]
  • January 15: Martin Luther King, Jr. is born.
  • WGST radio begins broadcasting.[35]
• 1930 - Population: 270,366; metro 715,391.[7]
• 1931 - WATL radio begins broadcasting.[35]
• 1933 - Georgia Municipal Association headquartered in city.
• 1935 - Cascade Theatre opens.[36]
• 1936
  • Atlanta Dogwood Festival begins.[37]
  • William B. Hartsfield elected mayor.
  • Techwood Homes built, first public housing in US.
• 1937 - WAGA radio begins broadcasting.[35]
• 1939
  • Plaza Theatre opens.
  • Gone with the Wind world premiere draws 300,000 to streets.
• 1940
  • Euclid Theatre opens.
  • Population: 302,288.[7]
• 1941 - Central Atlanta Progress established.
• 1944
  • Atlanta Campaign National Historic Site established.[2]
  • Southern Regional Council and Associated Klans of Georgia headquartered in city.
• 1945 - Mary Mac's Tea Room in business.
• 1946
  • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention founded.
  • December 7: Winecoff Hotel fire.[38]
• 1947 - Regional Metropolitan Planning Commission established.[39]
• 1948 - WSB-TV (television) begins broadcasting.[40]
• 1949
  • WAGA-TV[40] and WERD-AM radio[41] begin broadcasting.
  • Atlanta Negro Voters League founded.[41]
  • Last streetcar line converted to trolleybus.

1950s-1990s

• 1950
  • Population: 331,314;[7] metro 997,666.
  • Transit strike, Atlanta Transit Co. takes over transit from Georgia Railway and Power.
• 1952 - Buckhead annexed.
• 1953 - Links chapter established.[26]
• 1956 - Alexander Memorial Coliseum opens.
• 1957 - Southern Christian Leadership Conference headquartered in city.[42]
• 1958
  • October 12: Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple bombing.[43]
  • Atlanta Masjid of Al-Islam established.[44]
• 1959 - Trolleybuses, buses, public library desegregated.
  • Lenox Square mall opens.
  • Metro population hits 1 million.
• 1960
  • Population: 487,455;[7] metro 1,312,474.
  • March 15: An Appeal for Human Rights is released.
  • Sit-ins at Rich's lunch counters during the Civil Rights Movement.[45][42]
  • Atlanta Inquirer newspaper begins publication.[46]
• 1961
  • Ivan Allen, Jr. becomes mayor.
  • Public schools begin token desegregation.[46]
  • Rich's desegregates restaurant.
  • John Portman opens Merchandise Mart, kicking off transformation of downtown.
  • One Park Tower built.
• 1962
  • Peyton Road barricades built in Cascade Heights.[27]
  • 106 Atlanta art patrons die in Paris air crash.
• 1963
  • Atlanta Marathon begins.
  • Trolleybuses converted en masse to buses.
• 1964
  • U.S. Supreme Court decides Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States.[43]
  • Atlanta Press Club[47] and Atlanta Track Club established.
• 1965 – Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium constructed.
• 1966
  • State of Georgia Building constructed.
  • Both the relocated Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball and the expansion Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League begin play at Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium.
• 1967
  • Atlanta Chiefs soccer team begins play.
  • Sister city relationship established with Salzburg, Austria.[48]
• 1968
  • King Center for Nonviolent Social Change founded.
  • Peach Bowl annual football game begins.
  • Atlanta Hawks basketball team relocates to Atlanta.
  • Equitable Building constructed.
• 1969
  • Coronet Theater[36] and Perimeter freeway open.
  • Afro-American Police League chapter established.[23]
• 1970
  • Peachtree Road Race begins.
  • Population: 496,973;[7] metro 1,763,626
• 1971
  • Atlanta Gay Pride Festival established.
  • International flights begin at Hartsfield Airport.[49]
• 1972
  • Sister city relationships established with Montego Bay, Jamaica; and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.[48]
  • The Atlanta Flames are established as an expansion team of the National Hockey League.
  • The Omni Coliseum opens as the new home of the NBA's Hawks and NHL's Flames.
• 1973 - Maynard Jackson becomes first black mayor of Atlanta.
• 1974
  • Sevananda Natural Foods Market in business.[50]
  • Sister city relationships established with Lagos, Nigeria; Taipei, Taiwan; and Toulouse, France.[48]
• 1975 - Centennial Tower built.
• 1976
  • Atlanta Botanical Garden established.
  • Atlanta Film Festival begins.
  • Georgia World Congress Center opens.
  • National Conference of Black Mayors headquartered in city.[23][51]
• 1977
  • Atlanta Soto Zen Center founded.
  • Sister city relationship established with Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.[48]
• 1979
  • Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority begins operating.
  • Atlanta murders of 1979–1981 begin.
• 1980
  • Population: 425,022;[7] metro 2,233,324.
  • All-news television network CNN begins broadcasting; Turner empire takes off.[52]
  • Al-Farooq Masjid (mosque)[44] and Martin Luther King, Jr., National Historic Site established.
  • Flames hockey team sold and relocated to Calgary, Alberta.
• 1981
  • Atlanta Gay Men's Chorus founded.
  • Sister city relationship established with Daegu, South Korea.[48]
• 1982
  • Andrew Young becomes mayor.
  • Carter Center headquartered in Atlanta.
• 1983
  • Atlanta–Fulton Public Library System established.
  • Sister city relationship established with Brussels, Belgium.[48]
• 1984 - Sweet Auburn Heritage Festival begins.
• 1986
  • Jimmy Carter Library and Museum dedicated.
  • Midtown Assistance Center established.[44]
• 1987
  • John Lewis becomes U.S. representative for Georgia's 5th congressional district.[53]
  • Sister city relationship established with Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.[48]
• 1988
  • Democratic Convention.
  • Sister city relationship established with Tbilisi, Georgia.[48]
• 1990 - Population: 394,017;[7] metro 2,959,950.
• 1991
  • Atlanta Bicycle Coalition organized.
  • Land bank established.[54]
  • Drepung Loseling Institute opens.[44]
• 1992
  • Georgia Dome opens.
  • SunTrust Plaza and Bank of America Plaza built.
• 1994 - Sister city relationships established with Bucharest, Romania;[48] and Ancient Olympia, Greece.
• 1995
  • October 28: Atlanta Braves baseball team wins 1995 World Series.
  • Atlanta Downtown Improvement District established.
  • Sister city relationship established with Cotonou, Benin.[48]
• 1996
  • July–August: Summer Olympics.
  • July 27: Centennial Olympic Park bombing.
  • Sister city relationship established with Salcedo, Dominican Republic.[48]
• 1997
  • Centennial Olympic Stadium reconstructed as Turner Field.
  • Both the Omni Coliseum and Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium are imploded within one week of one another, with the former's footprint used to construct a new arena, while the latter became parking for Turner Field.
• 1998
  • City website online (approximate date).[55]
  • Sister city relationship established with Nuremberg, Germany.[48]
• 1999
  • Philips Arena opens.
  • Atlanta Thrashers ice hockey team begins play.
• 2000
  • Freedom Park dedicated.
  • Sister city relationship established with Ra'anana, Israel.[48]
  • Population: 416,474; metro 4,112,198.

21st century

2000s

• 2001 - The Atlanta Journal-Constitution newspaper in publication.
• 2002 - Shirley Franklin becomes mayor.
• 2003 - Fermi Project established.
• 2004 - Atlanta Rollergirls established.
• 2005
  • Airport becomes world's busiest.
  • Sister city relationship established with Fukuoka, Japan.[48]
• 2008
  • Delta becomes world's largest airline.
  • March 14–15: 2008 Atlanta tornado outbreak.

2010s

• 2010 - Population: 420,003; metro 5,268,860.[56]
• 2011
  • Thrashers hockey team are sold and relocated to Winnipeg, Manitoba, becoming the new Winnipeg Jets.
  • Atlanta Public Schools cheating scandal investigative report issued.
  • Atlanta first US city to demolish all public housing projects.
• 2012 - Part of BeltLine path opens.[57]
• 2014 - National Center for Civil and Human Rights opens.
• 2015 - Population: 463,875 (estimate).[58]
• 2016
  • Murder Kroger closes.
  • Turner Field hosts its last baseball game, with the Braves moving to a new ballpark, SunTrust Park, in Cobb County.
• 2017
  • Georgia Dome closes.
  • Atlanta United FC begins play in Major League Soccer.
  • Interstate 85 bridge collapse occurs.
  • Turner Field reconstructed as Georgia State Stadium.
  • Mercedes-Benz Stadium opens.
• 2018
  • Hackers successfully breach the city's servers, encrypting files with ransomware and disrupting services.

See also

• History of Atlanta
• List of mayors of Atlanta
• Timeline of mass transit in Atlanta
• Timelines of other cities in Georgia: Athens, Augusta, Columbus, Macon, Savannah
• Sister city timelines: Brussels, Bucharest, Cotonou, Fukuoka, Lagos, Nuremberg, Rio de Janeiro, Salzburg, Tbilisi, Toulouse

References

1. Federal Writers' Project 1942, p. 241+.
2. Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 117, OL 6112221M
3. George White (1849), Statistics of the State of Georgia, Savannah: W. Thorne Williams, OCLC 1349061, OL 6904242M
4. "Atlanta History - Tours of Atlanta". www.toursofatlanta.com. Retrieved 2015-11-19.
5. Britannica 1910.
6. Adiel Sherwood (1860), Gazetteer of Georgia (4th ed.), Macon, Ga: S. Boykin, OL 24245479M
7. Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
8. "Timeline of the American Civil War". Britain and the American Civil War. Online Exhibitions. British Library. 2013.
9. Cooper, Official History of Fulton County
10. Davis, What the Yankees Did to Us
11. Davies Project. "American Libraries before 1876". Princeton University. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
12. "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
13. Hornady 1922.
14. Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (1999), "Morehouse College", Africana: the Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, New York: Basic Civitas Books, p. 1334, ISBN 0465000711
15. Brownell 1975.
16. Weston Flint (1893), "Georgia", Statistics of Public Libraries in the United States and Canada, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, hdl:2027/mdp.39015034099997
17. "About Us". Atlanta: Ebenezer Baptist Church. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
18. Andrew F. Smith (2011). "Chronology". Fast Food and Junk Food: An Encyclopedia. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0-313-39393-8.
19. Atlanta History Center. "Finding Aids For Archives and Manuscripts". Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved October 31, 2013.
20. "American and Western Photographic Societies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1890
21. Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
22. Nell Irvin Painter (2006). "Timelines". Creating Black Americans: African-American History and Its Meanings, 1619 to the Present. Oxford University Press. p. 361+. ISBN 978-0-19-513755-2.
23. Nina Mjagkij, ed. (2001), Organizing Black America: an Encyclopedia of African American Associations, Garland, ISBN 9780815323099
24. Atlanta, Carnegie Library of (December 1902), Carnegie Library Bulletin, 1, Atlanta, Ga.
25. Florence Levy, ed. (1911), American Art Annual, 9, New York
26. Atlanta-Fulton Public Library System, Auburn Avenue Research Library on African American Culture and History. "Finding Aids For Archives and Manuscripts". Digital Library of Georgia. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
27. Appiah 1999.
28. Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (1999), "Atlanta Riot of 1906", Africana: the Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, New York: Basic Civitas Books, p. 148+, ISBN 0465000711
29. "A History: the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, 1914-1989". Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
30. Aaron Brenner; Benjamin Day; Immanuel Ness, eds. (2015) [2009]. "Timeline". Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-45707-7.
31. Kenneth T. Jackson (1992) [1967]. The Ku Klux Klan in the City, 1915-1930. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee. ISBN 978-1-4617-3005-7.
32. Scott 2000.
33. "50 U.S. Cities and Their Stories: Atlanta", American Influenza Epidemic of 1918-1919: a Digital Encyclopedia, University of Michigan, retrieved February 1, 2016 (includes timeline)
34. Nina Mjagkij (1994). Light in the Darkness: African Americans and the YMCA, 1852-1946. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2801-3.
35. Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Standard Broadcasting Stations of the United States: Georgia", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636
36. "Movie Theaters in Atlanta, GA". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
37. "Atlanta Dogwood Festival History". Atlanta Dogwood Festival. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
38. Ross Gregory (2003). "Chronology". Cold War America, 1946 To 1990. Facts on File. ISBN 978-1-4381-0798-1.
39. "ARC History, Funding and Membership". Atlanta Regional Commission. Retrieved September 12, 2016.
40. Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Georgia", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206
41. Quintard Taylor (ed.), BlackPast.org, Seattle, Washington
42. Robert L. Harris Jr.; Rosalyn Terborg-Penn (2013). "Chronology". Columbia Guide to African American History Since 1939. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-51087-5.
43. "Events", Civil Rights Digital Library, Athens, GA: Digital Library of Georgia (Timeline)
44. Pluralism Project. "Atlanta, Georgia". Directory of Religious Centers. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
45. "Cases: United States". Global Nonviolent Action Database. Pennsylvania: Swarthmore College. Retrieved October 13, 2013.
46. Hein 1972.
47. "Our History". Atlanta Press Club. Retrieved March 19, 2017.
48. "List of Atlanta's 18 Sister Cities". City of Atlanta, GA. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
49. Dameron 1997.
50. "NCGA Co-ops: Georgia". Iowa: National Cooperative Grocers Association.
51. "Founders". National Conference of Black Mayors. Retrieved February 14, 2014.
52. Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
53. "Georgia". Official Congressional Directory. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1989. hdl:2027/mdp.39015024653415.
54. "Blighted Cities", CQ Researcher, 20, 2010(subscription required)
55. "City of Atlanta Web Site". Archived from the original on December 1998 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
56. "Largest Urbanized Areas With Selected Cities and Metro Areas (2010)". US Census Bureau. 2012.
57. "A Glorified Sidewalk, and the Path to Transform Atlanta", New York Times, September 12, 2016
58. Joe Germuska (ed.). "Atlanta, GA". Censusreporter.org. USA. Retrieved May 3, 2017.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

1860s-1870s

• V. T. Barnwell (1867), Barnwell's Atlanta city directory, and strangers' guide, Atlanta: Intelligencer Book and Job Office, OL 22850965M
• Atlanta City Directory for 1870. Atlanta, Georgia: William R. Hanleiter. 1870.
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870), "Atlanta", Dictionary of Chronology, London: William Tegg, OCLC 2613202
• Atlanta City Directory for 1872. Atlanta, Georgia: Plantation Publishing Co. 1872.
• Charles H. Jones (1873), "Atlanta", Appletons' Hand-book of American Travel: the Southern Tour, New York: D. Appleton & Co.
• Directory of the City of Atlanta for 1877. A.E. Sholes. 1877.
• E.Y. Clarke (1877), Illustrated History of Atlanta, J. P. Harrison

1880s-1890s

• Atlanta City Directory. Sholes & Co. 1882.
• Jacob D. Cox (1882), Atlanta, New York: C. Scribner's Sons, OL 7223076M
• I.W. Avery (1885). Atlanta: the leader in trade, population, wealth and manufactures in Georgia. Atlanta: Constitution Publishing Co.
• Wallace Putnam Reed (1889), History of Atlanta, Georgia, Syracuse, N.Y: D. Mason & Co., OL 22882278M
• Atlanta City Directory. Atlanta, Ga.: R.L. Polk & Co. 1891.
• E.R. Carter (1894), The black side: a partial history of the business, religious and educational side of the Negro in Atlanta, Ga., Atlanta
• Atlanta City Directory for 1896. Franklin Printing and Publishing Co. 1896.
• Atlanta City Directory for 1898. Bullock and Saunders. 1898.
• Handbook of the City of Atlanta, Atlanta: Atlanta City Council, 1898
• "City of Atlanta", Rand, McNally & Co.'s Handy Guide to the Southeastern States, Chicago: Rand, McNally & Co., 1899

Published in 20th century

1900s-1940s

• "Atlanta", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
• Edward Young Clarke, ed. (1902), Atlanta: greatest city of the great South, OL 22850070M
• Thomas H. Martin (1902), Atlanta and its builders, Atlanta: Century Memorial Publishing Co.; v.2
• Pioneer citizens' history of Atlanta, 1833-1902, Atlanta, Ga.: Pioneer Citizens' Society, 1902, OCLC 1850685, OL 6609963M
• Atlanta, Carnegie Library of (March 1903), "Finding List Georgia Collection: Atlanta", Carnegie Library Bulletin, Atlanta, Ga., 1 (8)
• Atlanta City Directory. Foote & Davies Co. 1904
  • 1908 ed.
• Atlanta, a twentieth-century city, Atlanta: Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, 1904, OL 22850074M
• J.D. Cleaton (1907), Atlanta: Metropolis of the South, Atlanta: Franklin-Turner, OL 24343221M
• "Atlanta", United States (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
• "Atlanta", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
• "Atlanta, Georgia". The Modern City. League of American Municipalities. 3. December 1918. hdl:2027/mdp.39015020070325.
• Atlanta City Directory. Atlanta City Directory Co. 1919.
• Atlanta City Directory. 1922.
• John R. Hornady (1922), Atlanta: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow, American Cities Book Company, OL 23279317M
• Federal Writers' Project (1942), "Chronology", Atlanta, American Guide Series, New York: Smith & Durrell, p. 241+

1950s-1990s

• "Atlanta, Pacesetter City of the South", National Geographic Magazine, Washington DC, 135, 1969
• Virginia H. Hein (1972). "The Image of 'A City Too Busy to Hate': Atlanta in the 1960s". Phylon. 33 (3): 205–221. doi:10.2307/273521. JSTOR 273521.
• James C. Starbuck (1974), Historic Atlanta to 1930: an indexed, chronological bibliography, Monticello, Ill., OCLC 933763, OL 24980299M
• Blaine A. Brownell (1975). "Commercial-Civic Elite and City Planning in Atlanta, Memphis, and New Orleans in the 1920s". Journal of Southern History. 41 (3): 339–368. doi:10.2307/2206403. JSTOR 2206403.
• George J. Lankevich (1977), Howard B. Furer (ed.), Atlanta: a chronological & documentary history, 1813-1976, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, ISBN 0379006189
• Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "Atlanta, GA", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
• Clarence N. Stone (1989). Regime Politics: Governing Atlanta, 1946-1988. Studies in Government and Public Policy. University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0700604154.
• George Thomas Kurian (1994), "Atlanta, Georgia", World Encyclopedia of Cities, 1: North America, Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO (fulltext via Open Library)
• Rebecca J. Dameron and Arthur D. Murphy (1997). "An International City Too Busy To Hate? Social And Cultural Change In Atlanta: 1970-1995". Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development. 26 (1): 43–69. JSTOR 40553316.
• Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates, ed. (1999), "Atlanta", Africana: the Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience, New York: Basic Civitas Books, p. 147+, OL 43540M
• "Georgia: Atlanta", USA, Australia: Lonely Planet, 1999, p. 541+, OL 19682441M
• Robert D. Bullard et al., eds (2000). Sprawl City: Race, Politics, and Planning in Atlanta. Washington, DC: Island Press.
• Carole E. Scott and Richard D. Guynn (2000). "The Atlanta Streetcar Strikes". Georgia Historical Quarterly. 84 (3): 434–459. JSTOR 40584340.

Published in 21st century

• Larry Keating (2001). Atlanta: Race, Class And Urban Expansion. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-4399-0449-7.
• Paul S. Boyer, ed. (2001). "Atlanta". Oxford Companion to United States History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-508209-8.
• Richard Pillsbury, ed. (2006). "Atlanta". Geography. New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture. 2. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 153. OCLC 910189354.
• David Goldfield, ed. (2007). "Atlanta, Georgia". Encyclopedia of American Urban History. Sage. pp. 50–52. ISBN 978-1-4522-6553-7.
• Steve Goodson (2007). Highbrows, Hillbillies, and Hellfire: Public Entertainment in Atlanta, 1880-1930. University of Georgia Press. ISBN 978-0-8203-2930-7.
• David L. Sjoquist, ed. (2009). Past Trends and Future Prospects of the American City: The Dynamics of Atlanta. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-7391-3537-2. (About economic aspects of city)

External links

• "Atlanta", New Georgia Encyclopedia, Georgia Humanities Council
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Atlanta, various dates.
• Europeana. Items related to Atlanta, Georgia, various dates.
• Stuart A. Rose Manuscript, Archives, and Rare Book Library, Emory University: Utopian Literary Club (Atlanta, Ga.) records, 1927-2004