Violin Sonatas, Op. 137 (Schubert)

In 1816, Franz Schubert composed his first three violin sonatas, D 384, 385 and 408. They were published after the composer's death as Sonatinas in 1836 (Op. posth. 137). These sonatas breathe an intimate atmosphere, requiring relatively little virtuoso bravura from their performers.[1][2][3][4]

History

Schubert was an accomplished violinist and had already extensively composed for violin, including over a dozen string quartets, by the time he started to write violin sonatas at age 19.[2][3][4] The compositions for violin and piano D 384, 385 and 408 were named Sonata in Schubert's autographs.[5][6] They were named Sonatina when published posthumously as Op. 137 in 1836.[7]

Structure

Since Schubert's Sonatas Op. 137 are modest in size—rather to be compared to Mozart's violin sonatas than to Beethoven's—the "Sonatina" diminutive stuck to them.[2][3][4]

No. 1 in D major, D 384

Schubert wrote "März 1816" (March 1816) on the autograph score of his Sonata for Violin and Piano in D major (D 384).[5][8] The sonata has three movements:[5]

  1. Allegro molto
  2. Andante
  3. Allegro vivace

No. 2 in A minor, D 385

Titled "Sonata II" and dated March 1816 in the autograph, the Sonata for Violin and Piano in A minor (D 385) has four movements:[5]

  1. Allegro moderato
  2. Andante
  3. Menuetto: Allegro
  4. Allegro

No. 3 in G minor, D 408

Schubert dated the Sonata for Violin and Piano in G minor (D 408) April 1816 in the autograph, and titled it "Sonata III".[6] The sonata has four movements:[6]

  1. Allegro giusto
  2. Andante
  3. Menuetto: Allegro vivace
  4. Allegro moderato

Reception

The publication of Schubert's works for violin and piano had started in 1827 and was completed quarter of a century later.[9][7][10][11]

Publication

The 19th-century collected edition published Schubert's compositions for piano and one other instrument in its eighth series in 1886, edited by Ignaz Brüll. The second to fourth pieces in that volume were Schubert's first three violin sonatas (D 384, 385 and 408), which had already been published in 1836, by Diabelli & Co. as Drei Sonatinen für Piano-Forte und Violine, Op. posth. 137.[12][7]

Series VI, Volume 8 of the New Schubert Edition, published in 1970, contained the same works as series VIII of the 19th-century collected edition, but presented them in chronological order of composition, thus beginning with the three Op. 137 sonatas.[13]

Recordings
See also: Schubert's compositions for violin and piano § Recordings

References
  1. Printed Music: chamber music - duets (without sonatas) at www.schubert-online.at
  2. Dennis D. Rooney. Liner notes to Schubert: The Complete Works for Violin and Piano. Brilliant Classics No. 92275 (EAN 5028421922751), 2004.
  3. Richard Wigmore. Liner notes to Schubert: Complete works for violin and piano. Hyperion CDA67911/2, 2013. EAN 034571179117
  4. Harry Halbreich. Liner notes to CD 6–7, pp. 3–5 in Schubert Edition: Liner notes, sung texts, full tracklist. Brilliant Classics No. 94870 (EAN 5028421948706), 2014
  5. Deutsch 1978, pp. 232–233.
  6. Deutsch 1978, p. 244.
  7. Printed Music: D 384 Drei Sonatinen für Piano-Forte und Violine (op. post. 137,1), D 385 Drei Sonatinen für Piano-Forte und Violine (op. post. 137,2) and D 408 Drei Sonatinen für Piano-Forte und Violine (op. post. 137,3) at www.schubert-online.at
  8. Sonatinas, violin, piano, D. 384, D major at Juilliard School website (Facsimile of autograph score, RISM No. 900004981)
  9. Printed Music: D 895 Rondeau Brillant (op. 70) at www.schubert-online.at
  10. Printed Music: D 934 Fantasie (op. post. 159) at www.schubert-online.at
  11. Printed Music: D 574 Duo (en La) pour Piano et Violon (op. post. 162) at www.schubert-online.at
  12. Ignaz Brüll (editor). Franz Schubert's Werke, Series VIII: Pianoforte und Ein Instrument. Breitkopf & Härtel, 1886
  13. Helmut Wirth (editor). New Schubert Edition, Series VI (Chamber Music) – Vol. 8: Works for Piano and one instrument. Bärenreiter, 1970. ISMN 9790006472000

Sources
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