Whitehead Mark 3 torpedo
The Whitehead Mark 3 torpedo was a Whitehead torpedo adopted by the United States Navy for use in an anti-surface ship role after the E. W. Bliss Company of Brooklyn, New York secured manufacturing rights in 1892.
Whitehead Mark 3 torpedo | |
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![]() Mark 3 Whitehead torpedo fired from East Dock, Goat Island, Newport Torpedo Station, Rhode Island, 1894 | |
Type | Anti-surface ship torpedo |
Place of origin | Austria-Hungary |
Service history | |
In service | 1898–1922 |
Used by | United States Navy |
Production history | |
Designer | Robert Whitehead |
Designed | 1893 |
Manufacturer | Torpedofabrik Whitehead & Co.[3] E. W. Bliss Company |
Specifications | |
Mass | 845 pounds |
Length | 140 inches (3.55 meters) |
Diameter | 17.7 inches (45 centimeters) |
Effective firing range | 800 yards |
Warhead | wet guncotton |
Warhead weight | 118 pounds |
Detonation mechanism | War Nose Mk 1 contact exploder |
Engine | 3-cylinder |
Maximum speed | 26.5 knots |
Guidance system | gyroscope |
Launch platform | battleships and torpedo boats |
The primary difference between the Mark 3 and the previous versions of the 3.55-meter Whiteheads was the inclusion of the Obry steering gyro for azimuth control. This device reduced the maximum deviation right or left of the target from 24 to 8 yards.[4] About 100 Mark 3s were purchased from the E. W. Bliss Company; in 1913, these were redesignated Torpedo Type A.[5] They were used on submarines of the A, B, C and D classes. These were withdrawn from service use in 1922 when all torpedoes designed before the Bliss-Leavitt Mark 7 torpedo were condemned.
Characteristics

The Mark 3 was ordinarily assembled into three sections: the warhead, the air flask and the after-body. The warhead's charge of wet guncotton weighed 118 pounds. The Mark 3 was what was known as a "cold-running" torpedo.compressed air which was stored in the air flask. The after-body carried the engine and the tail, which contained the propellers.[6]
The three-cylinder engine ran on cold,The Mark 3 was launched from battleships and torpedo boats.
See also
- American 18 inch torpedo
References
- "Chronology: Torpedo in Word and Picture". Retrieved 8 June 2013.
- "United States of America Torpedoes Pre-World War II". Retrieved 24 June 2013.
- Silverstone, Paul (2006). The New Navy, 1883-1922. Taylor & Francis Group. pp. xxiii. ISBN 0-415-97871-8.
- The Whitehead Torpedo:. Bureau of Ordnance, United States Navy. 1898.