William Ruthven Smith

William Ruthven Smith (April 2, 1868 – July 15, 1941) was a career United States Army officer who commanded the 36th Infantry Division during its deployment in France during World War I and later became Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York.

William Ruthven Smith
Born	April 2, 1868 Nashville, Tennessee
Died	July 15, 1941 (aged 73) Sewanee, Tennessee
Allegiance	United States of America
Service/branch	United States Army
Years of service	1892 - 1932
Rank	Major General
Commands held	Superintendent of the United States Military Academy
Awards	Distinguished Service Medal

Early life

William Ruthven Smith was born on April 2, 1868, in Nashville, Tennessee, son of Robert McPhail and Lititia (Trimble) Smith. The younger Smith attended Vanderbilt University[1] and was appointed to the United States Military Academy from his native state, graduating 10th out of 62 cadets in his class of 1892.[2]

Military career

Smith's early postings alternated between garrison service in field artillery and teaching at West Point as instructor of the separate subjects of chemistry, mathematics, ordnance, and gunnery. Made captain of the new Coast Artillery Corps in 1901, he was a student of the school of submarine defense and commanded Fort Monroe in 1908. In the years preceding World War I, Smith commanded anti-submarine technology schools and departments, in early 1917 stretching "the first submarine net put down in America, 2000 yards long, 84 feet at deepest point, extending from Fort Monroe to Fort Wool and closing entrance to Hampton Roads"[2]

Promoted to colonel of the Coast Artillery Corps in May, 1917, Smith was made a brigadier general of the National Army and assigned to train the 62nd Field Artillery Brigade, 37th Division (Ohio National Guard). After training that command for nine months at Camp Sheridan, Alabama, Smith traveled with the Guard unit to its embarkation for Europe, but was left on the docks when their ships departed on June 10, 1918, by order of the War Department.[2]

Smith was given command of the 36th Infantry Division and promoted to major general of the National Army in the Summer of 1918. After arriving in Brest, France, the 36th Division, Smith established a combat course for training at Bar-sur-Aube.[1] In October 1918, Smith led the 36th Division while with 2nd Division it was attached to the French Fourth Army under Henri Gouraud on its push to the Aisne River.[3] Smith remained in command of the division's demobilization in June 1919, when his National army rank dissolved, his rank reverted again to colonel, U.S. Army.[1]

After promotion again to brigadier, this time of the regular army, Smith served in several garrison commands in the Philippines, Fort Sam Houston, Fort Monroe again, and Honolulu, Hawaii, then returned to the academy, this time to occupy the superintendent's billet from 1928 until 1932.[1] During his tour as superintendent, Smith helped secure Stewart Field in nearby Newburgh, New York as a base for the Army Air Corps and USMA pilot training.[4]

Civilian career

After retirement, Smith returned to his native state of Tennessee, settling in Sewanee where he became superintendent of the local military academy (now St. Andrew's-Sewanee School) and served in that capacity until his death.[1]

Death and legacy

He died on July 15, 1941 in West Point, New York.[5] Battery Smith at Fort Miles, Delaware (also called Battery 118) was named for him, armed with two 16-inch guns.[6]

Notes

1. Texas State Historical Association, Handbook of Texas Online
2. Cullum, Biographical register, #3459
3. White, 36th Division in World War I, Ch. VI
4. Bryant, A Gift for Giving, p. 181
5. Davis Jr., Henry Blaine (1998). Generals in Khaki. Pentland Press, Inc. p. 342. ISBN 1571970886. OCLC 40298151.
6. Battery 118 at FortWiki.com

References

• Bryant, James C. (1993). "7: War Years at West Point". A Gift for Giving:the story of Lamar Rich Plunkett. Mercer University Press. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-86554-430-7.
• Cullum, George Washington (1920). Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.: from its establishment, in 1802, to 1890, with the early history of the United States Military Academy. 3459. 5. Edward Singleton Holden, Charles Braden, Wirt Robinson (3 ed.). New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 620. Retrieved May 1, 2009.
• Texas State Historical Association. "William Ruthven Smith". Handbook of Texas Online. Retrieved May 1, 2009.
• Lonnie J., White (1999). "36th Division in World War I". Military History Associates. Retrieved May 1, 2009.
• Wardrop, G. Douglas, ed. (June 1922). "Army and Navy Aeronautics". Aerial Age Weekly. New York: Aerial Age Company. 15 (16): 416.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)